Umpiring security Models for MANETS by Ayyaswamy Kathirvel

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The psychophysics of home plate umpire calls by Kevin S. Flannagan, Brian M. Mills, Robert L. Goldstone

“…Second, we measure a distinct difference in the rate of skill improvement between older and younger umpires. Younger umpires improve more quickly, suggesting that the decision task umpires engage in becomes routinized over time.…”
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Applying Philosophy to Refereeing and Umpiring Technology by Harry Collins

Subjects: “…umpiring and refereeing…”
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Artificial-intelligence robot umpires in sailing race by Chien-Hung Wu

“…This article proposes a robot umpire system in sailing races based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, using drones and AIoT technology to monitor sailing matches. …”
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The 5th Umpire: Automating Cricket's Edge Detection System by R. Rock, A. Als, P. Gibbs, C. Hunte

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Baseball Fans’ Evaluations of Robot Umpire: The Perspective of Human-Robot Interaction by Min Young Lee, Se-Young Park, Bomin Kim, Wonseok(Eric) Jang

Subjects: “…robot umpire…”
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The understanding of court tennis rules for participants of licensing tennis umpire training by Rices Jatra, Debi Dori Fernando

“…It is very necessary for an umpire or officer to lead a match. One of the tennis game officers is a chair umpire who led the match directly to the court. …”
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Estimating the Impact of Automated Umpiring in Baseball via Monte Carlo Simulation by Shepard, Keithen

“…We present a method to estimate the impact of automated umpiring given MLB pitch data. We define a novel pipeline for simulating the statistical changes in MLB games following the correction of umpire mistakes. …”
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Self-powered acceleration sensors arrayed by swarm intelligence for table tennis umpiring system. by Ke Lu, Chaoran Liu, Haiyang Zou, Yishao Wang, Gaofeng Wang, Dujuan Li, Kai Fan, Weihuang Yang, Linxi Dong, Ruizhi Sha, Dongyang Li

“…Besides, this research offered an in-depth study on intelligent umpiring system based on arrayed self-powered sensor nodes, which will improve the accuracy of the umpiring of table tennis competition.…”
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Strike 3 … Out! Investigating Pre-Game Moods, Performance, and Mental Health of Softball Umpires by Ronald J. Houison, Andrea Lamont-Mills, Michael Kotiw, Peter C. Terry

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Importance of impression management of referees: a qualitative study by Mücahit Fişne, Ali Hasaan

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A conceptual model of referee efficacy by Félix eGuillén, Deborah L Feltz

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Maritime arbitrations by Jovanović Nebojša

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Wakeup Call: Reviewing the Effects of Sleep on Decision-Making in Athletes and Implications for Sports Officials by Michele Lastella, Zozan Onay, Aaron T. Scanlan, Nathan Elsworthy, Nathan W. Pitchford, Grace E. Vincent

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Automated service height fault detection using computer vision and machine learning for badminton matches by Goh, Guo Liang, Goh, Guo Dong, Pan, Jing Wen, Teng, Phillis Soek Po, Kong, Pui Wah

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Gaze Behavior of Referees in Sport—A Review by Gal Ziv, Ronnie Lidor, Sima Zach, Stephanie Brams, Werner F. Helsen

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The acquisition of perceptual-cognitive expertise in officiating in association football – state of the art by Werner F. Helsen, Jochim Spitz, Gal Ziv

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Measuring the effectiveness of various sensors in its deployment to the judging system in badminton / Ayu Hj Sopin by Sopin, Ayu

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“The Referee Plays to Be Insulted!”: An Exploratory Qualitative Study on the Spanish Football Referees’ Experiences of Aggression, Violence, and Coping by José Devís-Devís, José Serrano-Durá, Pere Molina

Subjects: “…umpire…”
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Automated Service Height Fault Detection Using Computer Vision and Machine Learning for Badminton Matches by Guo Liang Goh, Guo Dong Goh, Jing Wen Pan, Phillis Soek Po Teng, Pui Wah Kong

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