The evolution of work: Exploit, industry and honour. A long-run international analysis by Gershuny, J, Fisher, K

“…We demonstrate: (1) the approximate historical constancy and cross-national similarity in the total of paid plus unpaid work time over the last 55 or so years; (2) a gender convergence in work patterns and the approximate gender-equality of total (paid plus unpaid) work; (3) an apparent historical levelling-off of the paid plus unpaid work total at around 8.5 hours/day; and (4) a reversal in the human-capital-related work-leisure gradient (the better-educated now work more), which we associate with a growth of “exploit” and a decline in “industriousness” in the paid work of early 21st century societies.…”

Working longer hours and body weight: An Australian study using household panel data (with measures of paid and unpaid time) to provide gender-specific estimates by L.S. Leach, T. Doan, L. Strazdins

“…Time is conceptualised as a 24-hour system, including time in paid work, time in unpaid work, and discretionary time (available for health promoting activities). …”
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Health-Related Quality of Life Impairment and Indirect Cost of Crohn's Disease: A Self-Report Study in Poland. by Przemysław Holko, Paweł Kawalec, Małgorzata Mossakowska, Andrzej Pilc

“…The patients' productivity loss at unpaid work was measured by time inputs of others to assist patients. …”
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Do better-educated couples share domestic work more equitably in Japan? It depends on the day of the week by Hertog, E, Kan, M-Y, Shirakawa, K, Chiba, R

“…Men, especially those with university education, catch up on all types of unpaid work while women, especially those with tertiary education, catch up on unpaid work mostly by spending more time caring for children. …”

Re-examining How Partner Co-presence and Multitasking Affect Parents’ Enjoyment of Childcare and Housework by Allison Dunatchik, Svetlana Speight

“…In some instances, combining unpaid work activities (e.g., housework with childcare) was associated with lower enjoyment; however, combining unpaid work with leisure was often associated with greater enjoyment. …”
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Expo Milano 2015: The Institutionalization of Working for Free in Italy by Roberto Ciccarelli

“…Expo 2015 ushers in the institutionalization of unpaid work in the crisis-stricken Italian economy—a transformation approved by the major Italian trade unions that signed off on the collective agreement, but forcefully opposed by social movements who have decried the expansion of unpaid work permitted by the contract.…”
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Time, money, and inequality by Suh, J, Folbre, N

“…The advent of nationally-representative time-use surveys has generated a wave of new empirical research on time devoted to unpaid work and challenged traditional resistance to considering its impact on household living standards. …”

Common mental disorders and socioeconomic status in adolescents of ERICA by Isabel Batista da Silva Ribeiro, Marcia Mara Correa, Gabriela Oliveira, Nágela Valadão Cade

“…The variables associated with CMD in girls were age between 15 and 17 years (OR = 1.34; 1.17–1.51), studying in private school (OR = 1.13; 1.01–1.27), having a housemaid (OR = 1.15; 1.00–1.34) and, as a protective factor, unpaid work (OR = 0.64; 0.55–0.75). Boys also had a higher chance of CMD in the highest age group (OR = 1.42; 1.18–1.71) and when they had a housemaid (OR = 1.26; 1.02–1.57), whereas unpaid work decreased this chance (OR = 0.79; 0.67–0.95). …”
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Pressure to work : middle-class women's paid and unpaid labour in Victorian domestic fiction by Chung, Tina Tsu Lin

“…During the Victorian period, the issue of middle-class women’s work was widely-debated as work activists encouraged ladies to engage in unpaid work as a contribution to society, or work for a living if they were poor. …”
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Trends in time allocation: a cross-country analysis by Sevilla-Sanz, A, Gimenez-Nadal, J

“…Using detailed time-use data for seven industrialized countries from the 1970s until today we document general decreases in men's market work coupled with increases in men's unpaid work and child care, and increases in women's paid work and child care coupled with decreases in unpaid work. …”

Voluntary work as a new frontier in the precarisation of migrant workers: the case of asylum seekers in Italy by Martina Pasqualetto, Fabio Perocco

“…Within the deep work transformations that have taken place in recent decades, the European labour market has been affected by a process of structural precarisation which has created unprecedented forms of precarious work. Among such, unpaid work is an expression of extreme precarity due to the complete separation between work and wage. …”
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Evolution in Time-Use and Division of Labour of Men and Women by Ignace Glorieux, Joeri Minnen, Theun Pieter van Tienoven, Jef Deyaert, Eszter Mészáros

“…The way we use our time in general and how we divide paid and unpaid work is affected to a great extend by social and cultural influences. …”
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Patterns of everyday activities across social contexts by Vagni, G, Cornwell, B

“…Our analysis of these diaries reveals eight common everyday sequence patterns-including different paid work, unpaid work, and leisure clusters. This same set of patterns reappears in a generally similar distribution across the different countries and time periods that are included in the MTUS sequence data. …”

A Bridge Life Insurance for Households—Diagnosis and Motives by Anna Jędrzychowska

“…Data shown in the text present the scale of the loss of lost unpaid work (based on household time budgets). The existing methods of managing this loss, based on social insurance, are also shown. …”
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Being ECR in marine science: Results of a survey among early-career marine scientists and conservationists by Anna N. Osiecka, Aleksandra Wróbel, Ida-Wenona Hendricks, Katarzyna Osiecka-Brzeska

“…We conducted an online survey on the study- and workplace experiences of ECOP, focusing on social obstacles, such as economic strain, unpaid work, and workplace discrimination and abuse. …”
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Introduction by Greig de Peuter, Nicole S. Cohen, Enda Brophy

“…This article introduces the special issue, "Interrogating Internships: Unpaid Work, Creative Industries, and Higher Education."…”
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Relationship between stunting in children 6 to 36 months of age and maternal employment status in Peru: A sub-analysis of the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey. by Airin Chávez-Zárate, Jorge L Maguiña, Antoinette Danciana Quichiz-Lara, Patricia Edith Zapata-Fajardo, Percy Mayta-Tristán

“…However, children of mothers doing unpaid work are at higher risk of stunting. These findings support the implementation of educational programs and labour policies to reduce the prevalence of stunting among children.…”
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Ethnicity, gender and community sentences by Angela Sorsby

“…The analysis will focus on whether: • there are differences between ethnic groups and men and women in the number and type of requirements that make up community-based orders (rehabilitation, unpaid work, curfew and accredited programmes) • some requirements are more effective in terms of successful completion of the order. …”
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Les nouvelles masculinités en Suisse : une approche par l’idéologie de genre et la répartition du travail rémunéré et non rémunéré au sein des couples by Hakim Ben Salah, Boris Wernli, Caroline Henchoz

“…Contributions: By offering a typology for involvement in unpaid work for Swiss men and by empirically examining several explanations for the stated differences, this article provides an original contribution to the understanding of masculinity in a familial context.…”
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The integration of occupational- and household-based chronic stress among South African women employed as public hospital nurses. by Jennifer Cohen, Willem Daniel Francois Venter

“…To fully alleviate chronic stress, the gender norms that place responsibility for unpaid work on nurses with already full-time employment need to shift. …”
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