A Comparative Study about Data Structures Used for Efficient Management of Voxelised Full-Waveform Airborne LiDAR Data during 3D Polygonal Model Creation by Milto Miltiadou, Neill D. F. Campbell, Darren Cosker, Michael G. Grant

“…The data structures are tested in terms of time efficiency and memory consumption during run-time and are the following: (1) 1D-Array that guarantees coherent memory allocation, (2) Voxel Hashing, which uses a hash table for storing the intensity values (3) Octree (4) Integral Volumes that allows finding the sum of any cuboid area in constant time, (5) Octree Max/Min, which is an upgraded octree and (6) Integral Octree, which is proposed here and it is an attempt to combine the benefits of octrees and Integral Volumes. …”
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Blockchain and Machine Learning for Fraud Detection: A Privacy-Preserving and Adaptive Incentive Based Approach by Tahmid Hasan Pranto, Kazi Tamzid Akhter Md. Hasib, Tahsinur Rahman, Akm Bahalul Haque, A. K. M. Najmul Islam, Rashedur M. Rahman

“…An ML model is incrementally upgraded from collaborative data provided by the organizations connected to the blockchain. …”
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Original innovation of key technologies leading healthy development of smart agricultural by Gao Wanlin, Zhang Ganghong, Zhang Guofeng, Huang Feng, Wu Dehua, Tao Sha, Wang Minjuan

“…The technological innovation of agricultural application-specific chip will promote the technological upgrading of agricultural Internet of things. Agricultural big data and cloud computing are powerful technical support for massive and complex agricultural information processing. …”
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Epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of 245 COVID⁃19 cases in Shaanxi Province in 2020 by LI Zecheng, ZHU Jixu, ZHANG Lin, WANG Jiuping, CHEN Zhangqian

“…On January 25th， the provincial health emergency response was launched， and on January 31st， it was further upgraded for quarantine. On February 20th， the provincial prevention and control system was implemented by classified areas. …”
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The synergistic effect of digital economy on pollution and carbon reduction and the influence mechanism:An empirical test based on prefecture-level city data by GUO Pei, WANG Guangyuan

“…The regression results show that the “broadband China” strategy had a positive and significant impact on the synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction. (3) The test results of the mechanism analysis show that the development of the digital economy can promote the synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction by improving technologies, promoting industrial structure upgrading, and enhancing public environmental supervision. (4) The analysis of regional heterogeneity showed that the impact of the digital economy on the synergistic effect of pollution reduction and carbon reduction is more significant in the eastern region and non-resource-based cities, while the impact is not significant in the central and western regions and resource-based cities, which is mainly related to the uncoordinated level of digital economy development among regions. …”
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Optimizing thermal characteristics and entropy degradation with the role of nanofluid flow configuration through an inclined channel by Mohamed Boujelbene, Sohail Rehman, Hashim, Sultan Alqahtani, Sayed M Eldin

“…Entropy rate is augmented for radiation effect, ohmic heating and Brinkman number. Nusselt number is upgraded via radiation parameter and Brinkman number.…”
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Research on the Impact of Energy Efficiency on Green Development: A Case Study of the Yellow River Basin in China by Jianhua Liu, Yingying Zhang, Lingyu Pu, Liangchao Huang, Huiyang Wang, Muddassar Sarfraz

“…The findings of this study indicate that: (1) There was a marked improvement in energy efficiency and green development levels across the Yellow River Basin over the study period of 2011 to 2020, but there are notable disparities among prefecture-level cities, with higher levels found in capital cities and cities in the lower reaches of the basin. (2) The improvement in energy efficiency has had a positive impact on the transition to green development, with factors such as human capital, urbanization levels, and the upgrading of industrial structures contributing significantly, while the level of foreign direct investment has had a limited impact. (3) Technological innovation plays a partial role in mediating the relationship between energy efficiency and green development in the Yellow River Basin, and passes the single-threshold test. …”
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Research on technology of key steps of intelligent ventilation in mines by Lang ZHANG, Yanqing LIU

“…The current technological status of the ten key process steps were summarized and analyzed, and the technical implementation paths for the ten key process steps were proposed. Through iterative upgrades of various intelligent ventilation key technologies, the mine ventilation system was ultimately achieved to be in the stable, reliable, safe, controllable, efficient, energy-saving, and emergency disaster reduction operation state throughout its entire lifecycle.…”
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Characterizing Management Practices in High- and Average-Performing Smallholder Dairy Farms under Contrasting Environmental Stresses in Tanzania by Dismas Said Shija, Okeyo A. Mwai, Perminus K. Migwi, Raphael Mrode, Bockline Omedo Bebe

“…These results show that management practices distinguishing positive deviants from typical farms were cattle upgrading, provision of larger animal floor spacing and investing more in cattle housing, fodder, watering, and professional veterinary services. …”
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Real-Time Risk Detection Method and Protection Strategy for Intelligent Ship Network Security Based on Cloud Computing by Jian Guo, Hua Guo

“…More and more shipping companies feel that their smart ship systems need to be upgraded and the main reason behind this is that the systems are maliciously attacked by cyber hackers. …”
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Electricity theft detection for energy optimization using deep learning models by Pamir, Nadeem Javaid, Muhammad Umar Javed, Mohamad Abou Houran, Abdullah M. Almasoud, Muhammad Imran

“…The introduction of advanced metering infrastructure along with the upgradation of the traditional grids to the smart grids (SGs) has helped the electric utilities to collect the electricity consumption (EC) readings of consumers, which further empowers the machine learning (ML) algorithms to be exploited for efficient electricity theft detection (ETD). …”
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Second Chance in Vocational Education and Training of Adults in Slovakia: Second or Wasted Chance? by Marek Lukáč, Silvia Lukáčová

“…VET of adults does not fulfil a social integration function because it is mostly used by adults who are upgrading or supplementing their existing qualifications. …”
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Ensuring Agricultural Sustainability through Remote Sensing in the Era of Agriculture 5.0 by Vanesa Martos, Ali Ahmad, Pedro Cartujo, Javier Ordoñez

“…Nevertheless, since 1957, RS technology has found applications, through the use of satellite imagery, in agriculture, which was later enriched by the incorporation of remotely piloted aircrafts (RPAs), which is further pushing the boundaries of proficiency through the upgrading of sensors capable of higher spectral, spatial, and temporal resolutions. …”
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Factors Affecting the Synthesis of Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles Using the Desolvation Method by Tanjung YP, Dewi MK, Gatera VA, Barliana MI, Joni IM, Chaerunisaa AY

“…Other qualities include high nutritional value, abundance of renewable resources, excellent drug binding capacity, greater stability during storage and in vivo, as well as ease of upgrading during manufacture. Examples of protein suitable for this purpose include ovalbumin (OVA) derived from egg white, human serum albumin (HSA), and bovine serum albumin (BSA). …”
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The value of three-dimensional helical computed tomography for the retrograde flexible ureteronephroscopy in the treatment of lower pole calyx stones by Yan Xu, Jian-Lin Lyu

“…We found that with the IPA of <30° measured with IVP only 19% (4/21) were correctly classified in the same size category using 3D-HCT, whereas 81% (17/21) were upgraded to 40â50° on 3D-CT. This difference was significant between IVP and 3D-HCT. …”
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Identification and Isolation Techniques for Plant Growth Inhibitors in Rice by Nguyen Thi Hai Anh, La Hoang Anh, Nguyen Phuong Mai, Nguyen Van Quan, Tran Dang Xuan

“…In particular, the features, advantages, and limitations of conventional and upgraded extraction methods are comprehensively reported and discussed. …”
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Reproducibility of Fruit Spirit Distillation Processes by Daniel Heller, Daniel Einfalt

“…Up to now, only limited information is available on the magnitude of reproducibility errors since fruit spirit distillation columns are typically not equipped with a suitable control or monitoring technique. We upgraded a batch distillation column with digitized instrumentation and a control technique to be able to control crucial parameters such as thermal energy inputs and reflux rates. …”
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The built environment impacts on route choice from home to school for rural students: A stated preference experiment by Li Han, Yan Wang, Yibin Ao, Xuan Ding, Mingyang Li, Tong Wang

“…The conclusions can provide reference for the further upgrading planning, designing and construction of rural roads, as well as enriching the theory and practice of child-friendly villages construction.…”
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Spatial–Temporal Evolution Characteristics and Driving Factors of Rural Development in Northeast China by Xiaohan Zhang, Haowei Wu, Zhihui Li, Xia Li

“…Urbanization processes, elevation, annual precipitation and other natural factors have weakened the level of rural development to a certain extent, while agricultural production upgrading, an increase in the general public budget expenditure per capita and the sound financial situation of the government can promote rural development in Northeast China. …”
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A Customized Microfluidic Paper-Based Platform for Colorimetric Immunosensing: Demonstrated via hCG Assay for Pregnancy Test by Mohammad Rahbar, Siyi Zou, Mahroo Baharfar, Guozhen Liu

“…In this work, we have upgraded these platforms to a higher version by developing a customized microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD), as the new generation of paper-based point-of-care platforms, for colorimetric immunosensing. …”
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