Prevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease and Evaluation of Effectiveness of Vaccination in Malaysian Cattle. by Hamad Hasaballa, Aamir Abbo

“…Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is an important viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals and is caused by the Foot and Mouth disease Virus (FMDV) which is a species of the Aphthovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family. …”
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DENGUE FEVER: A MAJOR PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN IN PAKISTAN by Akhtar Sherin

“…Due to overcrowded cities, unsafe drinking water, inadequate sanitation facilities, huge number of refugees and poor vaccination, Pakistan is prone to large epidemics of various water borne and vector borne diseases.1 The most rapidly spreading, vector borne viral disease in the world is Dengue fever(DF).2 According to WHO estimates, every year about 50 million dengue viral infections occur worldwide and two fifths of the world's population is at risk of dengue infection.3 In Pakistan, the first major outbreak of Dengue fever was documented in 1994-1995 in Karachi.4 Since then, various studies have reported dengue epidemics from different parts of Pakistan.5-16 For the last 4-5 years, situation of dengue virus transmission is getting worst in Pakistan, especially in the post monsoon period and big cities like Karachi and Lahore are under severe threats of dengue epidemics.14-16 This situation has been adversely affected by the recent floods.1 Dengue fever is a viral disease, transmitted to human beings through bites of infective female mosquitoes, most commonly the mosquito Aedes Aegypti (yellow fever mosquito), which is found in tropical and subtropical areas. …”
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Identification and Molecular Analysis of Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) in Mazandaran Province by Zohreh Moradi, Mohsen Mehrvar, Ehsan Nazifi, Mohammad Zakiaghl

“…Mosaic is the most widespread viral disease affecting sugarcane and maize production. …”
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An advancement of treatment of nasopharyngeal signs of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children against the background of vitamin D deficiency by L. M. Boiarska, L. V. Hrebeniuk, K. O. Ivanova

“…Before the treatment, the yearly incidence of the acute respiratory viral disease (ARVD) in the treatment group children was 9.0 [8.0;10.0], and in the control group children, it was 8.0 [7.0; 10.0]. …”
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PD-L1/TLR7 dual-targeting nanobody-drug conjugate mediates potent tumor regression via elevating tumor immunogenicity in a host-expressed PD-L1 bias-dependent way by Wei Huang, Ji Zhou, Jia Li, Yakun Wan, Chao Hu, Meng Liu, Pan Xu, Feng Tang, Jianhua Sun, Xiaolu Yu, Yiru Long, Binfan Chen, Yongliang Tong, Mengwen Shan, Xiaomin Jia, Henglei Lu, Runqiu Chen, Jin Ren, Guangyi Jin, Likun Gong

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More diversified antibiotic resistance genes in chickens and workers of the live poultry markets by Yanan Wang, Na Lyu, Fei Liu, William J. Liu, Yuhai Bi, Zewu Zhang, Sufang Ma, Jian Cao, Xiaofeng Song, Aiping Wang, Gaiping Zhang, Yongfei Hu, Baoli Zhu, George Fu Gao

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Genome-Wide Identification of Toll-Like Receptor Family Genes in Sinonovacula constricta and Their Expression in Response to Vibrio parahemolyticus Infection by Bobo DU, Lu YAO, Zhiping LI, Yinghui DONG, Jianfeng REN

“…However, deterioration of the rearing environment and various bacterial and viral disease outbreaks have caused significant economic losses to the S. constricta industry. …”
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Development Of Sybr Green I Real-Time Pcr Method For Detection And Differentiation Of Newcastle Disease Virus Pathotypes by Tan, Sheau Wei

“…Newcastle disease (ND) which is caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a highly contagious viral disease of domestic poultry, cage, aviary and wild birds. …”
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Serological and molecular epidemiology of contagious ecthyma among sheep and goats in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia by Zaharaddeen, Lawan

“…Contagious ecthyma (CE) is a zoonotic and highly contagious epitheliotropic viral disease of goats, sheep and many species of wild ruminants. …”
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Dominant subtype switch in avian influenza viruses during 2016–2019 in China by Yuhai Bi, Juan Li, Shanqin Li, Guanghua Fu, Tao Jin, Cheng Zhang, Yongchun Yang, Zhenghai Ma, Wenxia Tian, Jida Li, Shuqi Xiao, Liqiang Li, Renfu Yin, Yi Zhang, Lixin Wang, Yantao Qin, Zhongzi Yao, Fanyu Meng, Dongfang Hu, Delong Li, Gary Wong, Fei Liu, Na Lv, Liang Wang, Lifeng Fu, Yang Yang, Yun Peng, Jinmin Ma, Kirill Sharshov, Alexander Shestopalov, Marina Gulyaeva, George F. Gao, Jianjun Chen, Yi Shi, William J. Liu, Dong Chu, Yu Huang, Yingxia Liu, Lei Liu, Wenjun Liu, Quanjiao Chen, Weifeng Shi

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Molecular characterization and expression of H5, N1 and NS1 recombinant proteins of avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 in Pichia pastoris by Abubakar, Mustapha Bala

“…It is a highly contagious viral disease in poultry with 100% morbidity and mortality in susceptible birds. …”
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Impact factors of Blastocystis hominis infection in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus: a large-scale, multi-center observational study from China by Shun-Xian Zhang, Ji-Chun Wang, Zhong-Wei Li, Jin-Xin Zheng, Wen-Ting Zhou, Guo-Bing Yang, Ying-Fang Yu, Xiu-Ping Wu, Shan Lv, Qin Liu, Mu-Xin Chen, Yan Lu, Zhi-Hui Dou, Da-Wei Zhang, Wen-Wen Lv, Lei Wang, Zhen-Hui Lu, Ming Yang, Pei-Yong Zheng, Yue-Lai Chen, Li-Guang Tian, Xiao-Nong Zhou

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Ebola Virus Persistence in Ocular Tissues and Fluids (EVICT) Study: Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction and Cataract Surgery Outcomes of Ebola Survivors in Sierra Leone by Jessica G. Shantha, John G. Mattia, Augustine Goba, Kayla G. Barnes, Faiqa K. Ebrahim, Colleen S. Kraft, Brent R. Hayek, Jessica N. Hartnett, Jeffrey G. Shaffer, John S. Schieffelin, John D. Sandi, Mambu Momoh, Simbirie Jalloh, Donald S. Grant, Kerry Dierberg, Joyce Chang, Sharmistha Mishra, Adrienne K. Chan, Rob Fowler, Tim O'Dempsey, Erick Kaluma, Taylor Hendricks, Roger Reiners, Melanie Reiners, Lowell A. Gess, Kwame ONeill, Sarian Kamara, Alie Wurie, Mohamed Mansaray, Nisha R. Acharya, William J. Liu, Sina Bavari, Gustavo Palacios, Moges Teshome, Ian Crozier, Paul E. Farmer, Timothy M. Uyeki, Daniel G. Bausch, Robert F. Garry, Matthew J. Vandy, Steven Yeh

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Enoxaparin for primary thromboprophylaxis in ambulatory patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (the OVID study): a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlle... by Stefano Barco, Roland Bingisser, Giuseppe Colucci, André Frenk, Bernhard Gerber, Ulrike Held, Francois Mach, Lucia Mazzolai, Marc Righini, Thomas Rosemann, Tim Sebastian, Rebecca Spescha, Stefan Stortecky, Stephan Windecker, Nils Kucher

“…Abstract Objectives The OVID study will demonstrate whether prophylactic-dose enoxaparin improves survival and reduces hospitalizations in symptomatic ambulatory patients aged 50 or older diagnosed with COVID-19, a novel viral disease characterized by severe systemic, pulmonary, and vessel inflammation and coagulation activation. …”
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Is the use of a mask useful in the prevention of covid-19 disease? An Evidence review study by Farideh Golbabaei, Vida Rezaei-Hachesu, Meghdad Kazemi, Rajabali Hokmabadi

“…To reduce the transmission of respiratory viral disease, the following interventions should be preferred, preferably in combination: - Frequent washing with or without side disinfectants - Create a retainer such as using gloves, clothing and a mask equipped with a filter - Identify suspicious individuals by isolating possible cases However, it has been warned that long-term routine administration of some of the evaluated measures may be contagious without the threat of disease. …”
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HIV/AIDS Vaccines : How long must humanity wait? by Ali A Al-Jabri

“…Despite important progression in the understanding of HIV pathogenesis2 and HIV/AIDS virus compared to any other viral disease, why are we still not able to produce an effective or even partially effective HIV/AIDS vaccine? …”
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The COVID-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic: consequences for occupational health by Alex Burdorf, Fabio Porru, Reiner Rugulies

“…We live in unprecedented modern times experiencing how an outbreak of a particular viral disease, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, also commonly referred to as the Coronavirus, is disrupting societies and personal lives. …”
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Adaptation, attenuation and molecular characterisation of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus for development of tissue culture-based attenuated and inactivated vaccines by Lawal, Nafi'u

“…Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an important viral disease of chickens worldwide that causes high mortality, immunosuppression and serious economic loss in poultry industry that can only be prevented by proper vaccination and biosecurity programmes. …”
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