Pharmaceutical use according to participation in worksite wellness screening and health campaigns by Ray M. Merrill, Carson T. Telford

“…Analyses are based on 2531 workers employed all four academic years in a large school district in the western United States, 2010–11 through 2013–14. Mean and ratio comparisons were adjusted by age, sex, year, and baseline health. …”
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Estimation of VS30 using shallow depth time-averaged shear wave velocity of Rawalpindi–Islamabad, Pakistan by Muhammad Bilal Adeel, Zubair Ahmed Nizamani, Muhammad Aaqib, Sarfraz Khan, Jawad Ur Rehman, Bikram Bhusal, Duhee Park

“…It is revealed that VS30 predicted by the proposed function results in close matches with the data measured in the western United States. In addition, the results indicate that the local geology and topographic slope proxies may not be acceptable for usage in the region due to their greater uncertainty. …”
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Large-scale forest inventories of the United States and China reveal positive effects of biodiversity on productivity by James V Watson, Jingjing Liang, Patrick C Tobin, Xiangdong Lei, James S Rentch, Catherine E Artis

“…The highest forest stocking values over the entire study area were concentrated in the western United States and Central Appalachia. Overall, 96.4 % of sample plots (477,281) showed a significant positive effect of species richness on site productivity, and only 3.6 % (17,349) had an insignificant or negative effect. …”
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Freshwater corridors in the conterminous United States: A coarse‐filter approach based on lake‐stream networks by Ian M. McCullough, Patrick J. Hanly, Katelyn B. S. King, Tyler Wagner

“…Network lakes and hubs were protected at similar rates nationally across different levels of protection (8%–18% and 6%–20%, respectively), but were generally more protected in the western United States. Our results indicate that conterminous United States protection of major freshwater corridors and the hubs that maintain them generally fell short of the international conservation goal of protecting an ecologically representative, well‐connected set of fresh waters (≥17%) by 2020 (Aichi Target 11). …”
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Slash Pile Burn Scar Restoration: Tradeoffs between Abundance of Non-Native and Native Species by Ian Sexton, Philip Turk, Lindsay Ringer, Cynthia S. Brown

“…The accumulation of live and dead trees and other vegetation in forests across the western United States is producing larger and more severe wildfires. …”
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Trends in Geographic Utilization of Total Ankle Arthroplasty and Ankle Arthrodesis by William Newton BS, Brandon Penland PharmD, Caroline Hoch BS, Joshua L. Morningstar BS, Christopher E. Gross MD, Daniel Scott MD

“…Furthermore, patients more likely to receive a TAA than AA are disproportionally white, male, and have a higher income and hospitals more likely to preform TAA are small, urban, for-profit hospitals in the western United States.…”
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Lampenflora in a Show Cave in the Great Basin Is Distinct from Communities on Naturally Lit Rock Surfaces in Nearby Wild Caves by Jake Burgoyne, Robin Crepeau, Jacob Jensen, Hayden Smith, Gretchen Baker, Steven D. Leavitt

“…In this study, we investigate whether members of lampenflora communities in an iconic show cave—Lehman Caves—in Great Basin National Park (GRBA) in the western United States also occur in nearby unlit and rarely visited caves. …”
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Epigaeic spider response to sagebrush steppe restoration treatments by James D. McIver, Ruth Brandt

“…Spiders were pitfall trapped pre‐treatment and for up to 7 years post‐treatment at 20 sites in the interior western United States. Spider species, functional groups, and communities were analyzed as regards site conditions and in response to treatments (prescribed fire, mechanical, and herbicide) designed to restore sagebrush steppe lands encroached by piñon–juniper woodlands (Pinus and Juniperus spp.) and invaded by cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum). …”
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Paleogene Sedimentary Basin Development in Southern Nevada, USA by Jens-Erik Lundstern, Theresa M. Schwartz, Cameron M. Mercer, Joseph P. Colgan, Jeremiah B. Workman, Leah E. Morgan

“…The cause of the transition from Mesozoic and early Cenozoic crustal shortening to later extension in the western United States is debated. In many parts of the extant Sevier hinterland, now the Basin and Range Province, the sedimentary sections that provide the most direct record of that transition remain poorly studied and lack meaningful age control. …”
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Prescribed Burns as a Tool to Mitigate Future Wildfire Smoke Exposure: Lessons for States and Rural Environmental Justice Communities by Makoto M. Kelp, Matthew C. Carroll, Tianjia Liu, Robert M. Yantosca, Heath E. Hockenberry, Loretta J. Mickley

“…We further simulate a set of prescribed burn scenarios and find that controlled burning interventions in northern California and the Pacific Northwest could have reduced the population‐weighted smoke exposure across the western United States by 21 μg/m3 in September 2020, while doing so in all other states would have reduced smoke exposure by only 1.5 μg/m3. …”
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Restoration Treatments Improve Overstory Tree Resistance Attributes and Growth in a Ponderosa Pine/Douglas-Fir Forest by Justin S. Crotteau, Christopher R. Keyes

“…<i>Background and Objectives:</i> Restoration-based fuel reduction treatments are common in dry, fire-prone forests of the western United States. The primary objective of such treatments is to immediately reduce a stand’s crown fire hazard. …”
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Imaging of crust and mantle structures with teleseismic reflected waves by Yu, Chunquan, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology

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Estimation of Landscape Soil Water Losses from Satellite Observations of Soil Moisture by McColl, Kaighin A., Haghighi, Erfan, Salvucci, Guido D., Akbar, Ruzbeh, Gianotti, Daniel J, Entekhabi, Dara

“…An east-west divide in hydrologic regimes over CONUS is observed with large parts of the western United States exhibiting a strong water-limited evapotranspiration regime during most of the times. …”
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Secondary organic aerosol formation from the laboratory oxidation of biomass burning emissions by Lim, Christopher Yung-Ta, Hagan, David Henry, Coggon, Matthew M., Koss, Abigail R., Sekimoto, Kanako, de Gouw, Joost, Warneke, Carsten, Cappa, Christopher D., Kroll, Jesse

“…As part of the Fire Influence on Regional and Global Environments Experiment (FIREX 2016), we investigated the effect of photochemical aging on biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) with a focus on fuels from the western United States. Emissions were sampled into a small (150 L) environmental chamber and photochemically aged via the addition of ozone and irradiation by 254 nm light. …”
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Deciphering Hydrological Responses: Elastic and Poroelastic Behavior Through GPS Temporal Analysis by Sandoe, Lucy A.

“…In Chapter 2, in order to accurately understand and quantify the effects of water loading, we use the degree of correlation between the modeled hydrology at each site and the actual GPS station timeseries, then extrapolate spatially, finding areas of higher and lower correlation with elastic deformation across the Western United States. We also study the dates of peak seasonal amplitude throughout the region. …”
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An Analogue Approach to Identify Extreme Precipitation Events: Evaluation and Application to CMIP5 Climate Models in the United States by Gao, Xiang, Schlosser, C. Adam, Xie, Pingping, Monier, Erwan, Entekhabi, Dara

“…The development of composite maps, exemplified in the South-Central United States and the Western United States, is achieved through the joint analysis of 27-yr (1979–2005) CPC gridded station data and NASA's Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA). …”
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Impact of extreme drought and incentive programs on flooded agriculture and wetlands in California’s Central Valley by Matthew E. Reiter, Nathan K. Elliott, Dennis Jongsomjit, Gregory H. Golet, Mark D. Reynolds

“…Background Between 2013 and 2015, a large part of the western United States, including the Central Valley of California, sustained an extreme drought. …”
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Estimating snow accumulation and ablation with L-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) by J. Tarricone, J. Tarricone, R. W. Webb, H.-P. Marshall, A. W. Nolin, A. W. Nolin, F. J. Meyer

“…<p>Snow is a critical water resource for the western United States and many regions across the globe. …”
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Oral health needs of U.S. children with developmental disorders: a population-based study by Raghad Obeidat, Amal Noureldin, Anneta Bitouni, Hoda Abdellatif, Shirley Lewis-Miranda, Shuling Liu, Victor Badner, Peggy Timothé

“…The adjusted logistic model identified four factors that contributed to the higher odds of OHN among children with DD: poverty (< 100% of the Federal Poverty Level (AOR = 2.27, CI: 1.46–3.51), being uninsured (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.14–3.95), a high level of disability (AOR = 1.89, CI: 1.23–2.78), and living in the western United States (AOR = 1.61, CI: 1.09–2.37. Conclusion Despite higher utilization of dental services, children with DD had poorer oral health and more unmet dental needs than children without DD. …”
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Trends in computer navigation and robotic assistance for total knee arthroplasty in the United States: an analysis of patient and hospital factors by Joseph K. Antonios, MD, Shane Korber, BS, Lakshmanan Sivasundaram, MD, Cory Mayfield, BS, Hyunwoo Paco Kang, MD, Daniel A. Oakes, MD, Nathanael D. Heckmann, MD

“…Computer navigation was more likely to be used in the Western United States, whereas robot-assisted TKAs were more likely to be performed in the Northeast. …”
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