Optimization of total RNA extraction from sperm and detection of phospholipase C zeta gene fragments from sperm, testis and epididymis of Oryctolagus cuniculus by Samsul Baharil, Nur Hayati

“…As capacitated sperm fuse with the ovum, the acrosome reaction occurs to digest the corona radiata and zona pellucida that surrounds the ovum. A single sperm will then bind to the oocyte's membrane receptor, while its nucleus is engulfed by the ooplasm. …”
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The pair ceramide 1-phosphate/ceramide kinase regulates intracellular calcium and progesterone-induced human sperm acrosomal exocytosis by Cintia C. Vaquer, Laila Suhaiman, Laila Suhaiman, Martín A. Pavarotti, Rodolfo J. Arias, Rodolfo J. Arias, Anahí B. Pacheco Guiñazú, Gerardo A. De Blas, Gerardo A. De Blas, Silvia A. Belmonte, Silvia A. Belmonte

“…Before fertilization, spermatozoa must undergo calcium-regulated acrosome exocytosis in response to physiological stimuli such as progesterone and zona pellucida. Our laboratory has elucidated the signaling cascades accomplished by different sphingolipids during human sperm acrosomal exocytosis. …”
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Early-Life Exposure to the Mycotoxin Fumonisin B1 and Developmental Programming of the Ovary of the Offspring: The Possible Role of Autophagy in Fertility Recovery by Awadh Alhelaisi, Abdulkarem Alrezaki, Saber Nahdi, Waleed Aldahmash, Saleh Alwasel, Abdel Halim Harrath

“…Histopathological changes were evidenced by the altered structures of most of the growing follicle oocytes, as revealed by a thinning irregular zona pellucida and pyknosis in granulosa cells. These findings are concomitant with steroidogenesis- and folliculogenesis-related gene expression, as evidenced by the decrease in CYP19 activity and estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) gene expression. …”
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Sperm IZUMO1 Is Required for Binding Preceding Fusion With Oolemma in Mice and Rats by Takafumi Matsumura, Takafumi Matsumura, Taichi Noda, Taichi Noda, Taichi Noda, Yuhkoh Satouh, Akane Morohoshi, Akane Morohoshi, Shunsuke Yuri, Masaki Ogawa, Masaki Ogawa, Yonggang Lu, Yonggang Lu, Ayako Isotani, Ayako Isotani, Ayako Isotani, Masahito Ikawa, Masahito Ikawa, Masahito Ikawa, Masahito Ikawa, Masahito Ikawa

“…Then, the acrosome-reacted spermatozoa penetrate the zona pellucida and adhere to and finally fuse with the egg plasma membrane. …”
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Identification and Functional Assignment of Genes Implicated in Sperm Maturation of Tibetan Sheep by Taotao Li, Huihui Wang, Ruirui Luo, Huibin Shi, Manchun Su, Yi Wu, Qiao Li, Keyan Ma, Yong Zhang, Youji Ma

“…Functional annotation revealed that they were mainly enriched to various distinct biological processes associated with reproduction (including the caput binding of sperm to the zona pellucida; fertilization in the caput and corpus; and meiosis in the caput and cauda) and development (such as cell differentiation and developmental maturation in the caput; cell proliferation and metabolism in the corpus; and regulation of tube size and cell division/cell cycle in the cauda). …”
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Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Improves Ram Sperm Quality through Its Antioxidative Ability during Storage at 4 °C by Zhendong Zhu, Wenjia Li, Qitai Yang, Haolong Zhao, Weijing Zhang, Adedeji O. Adetunji, S. A. Masudul Hoque, Xin Kou, Lingjiang Min

“…Furthermore, the value of the sperm–zona pellucida binding capacity in the 100 nM PQQ treatment group was also much higher than that of the control. …”
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Suppression of Non-Random Fertilization by MHC Class I Antigens by Junki Kamiya, Woojin Kang, Keiichi Yoshida, Ryota Takagi, Seiya Kanai, Maito Hanai, Akihiro Nakamura, Mitsutoshi Yamada, Yoshitaka Miyamoto, Mami Miyado, Yoko Kuroki, Yoshiki Hayashi, Akihiro Umezawa, Natsuko Kawano, Kenji Miyado

“…Moreover, <i>T-KO</i> sperm showed multiple fusion with zona pellucida (ZP)-free <i>WT</i> eggs, implying that the ability of polyspermy block for sperm from <i>T-KO</i> males was weakened in <i>WT</i> eggs. …”
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Laser-Assisted In Vitro Fertilization Facilitates Fertilization of Vitrified-Warmed C57BL/6 Mouse Oocytes with Fresh and Frozen-Thawed Spermatozoa, Producing Live Pups by Qi, Peimin, Rosalia, Elizabeth K., Discua, Allan R., Mkandawire, John M., Garcia, Alexis, Woods, Stephanie, Chavarria, Tony E, Fox, James G

“…Due to hardening of the zona pellucida, spermatozoa are often unable to penetrate vitrified-warmed (V-W) oocytes. …”
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Vision-guided robotic micromanipulation for cell rotation control by Cui, Shuai

“…Meanwhile, an image processing system built on the basis of U-Net is developed for selecting the optimal dissection position in the zona pellucida (ZP). The system is proven reliable as it effectively indicated the optimal dissection position in the ZP with a success rate of 95.6%. …”
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Adenovirus-vectored immunocontraception in rat model by Lo, Sewn Cen

“…The critical involvement of the female gamete protein zona pellucida 3 (ZP3) in the fertilization process has been well documented. …”
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Cortical Granule Distribution and Expression Pattern of Genes Regulating Cellular Component Size, Morphogenesis, and Potential to Differentiation are Related to Oocyte Developmenta... by Magdalena Kulus, Wiesława Kranc, Michal Jeseta, Patrycja Sujka-Kordowska, Aneta Konwerska, Sylwia Ciesiółka, Piotr Celichowski, Lisa Moncrieff, Ievgeniia Kocherova, Małgorzata Józkowiak, Jakub Kulus, Maria Wieczorkiewicz, Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty, Mariusz T. Skowroński, Dorota Bukowska, Marie Machatkova, Sarka Hanulakova, Paul Mozdziak, Jędrzej M. Jaśkowski, Bartosz Kempisty, Paweł Antosik

“…The egg cell is prepared to prevent polyspermia by, among other ways, producing cortical granules (CGs), which are specialized intracellular structures containing enzymes that aim to harden the zona pellucida and block the fusion of subsequent sperm. …”
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Mutations in FIGLA Associated With Premature Ovarian Insufficiency in a Chinese Population by Libin Mei, Libin Mei, Libin Mei, Yanru Huang, Yanru Huang, Xiaoling Wu, Xiaoling Wu, Huang He, Huang He, Ronghui Ye, Ronghui Ye, Jinxiu Ma, Jinxiu Ma, XueMei He, XueMei He, Yuhua Shi, Yuhua Shi, Ping Li, Ping Li

“…Luciferase reporter genes were used to determine the effect of wild-type and mutant FIGLA genotypes on the transcriptional activity of its downstream targets, the zona pellucida glycoprotein genes ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to determine the level of binding between wild-type and mutant FIGLA with the ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3 promoters.Results: Three different FIGLA mutations were identified in four patients with POI. …”
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The impact of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 on sperm characteristics by Dmitry L. Lutsky, Ramil M. Mahmudov, Adela M. Lutskaya, Sergey V. Vybornov, Alexander A. Nikolaev, Evgeniy S. Kalashnikov, Dina M. Nikulina, Vladimir V. Lozovskii, Vladimir Vl. Lozovskiy, Luiza M. Shishkina

“…Mild and asymptomatic forms of the new coronavirus infection course can negatively affect the interaction of spermatozoa with hyaluronic acid (HBA test), that indicates the impairment of the spermatozoa binding to the zona pellucida. One should pay attention to the HBA test when examining the sperm of patients who have suffered the new coronavirus infection.…”
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Development Of An Immunocontraceptive Vaccine For Biocontrol Of Rats by Lai, Kit Yee

“…Zona pellucida (ZP) is an extracellular matrix that surrounds the mammalian oocyte. …”
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The vertebrate- and testis- specific transmembrane protein C11ORF94 plays a critical role in sperm-oocyte membrane binding by Hongying Hao, Baolu Shi, Jiacheng Zhang, Ao Dai, Wenhao Li, Haidi Chen, Wenya Ji, Chenjia Gong, Chang Zhang, Jing Li, Li Chen, Bin Yao, Peng Hu, Hao Yang, Juergen Brosius, Shanshan Lai, Qinghua Shi, Cheng Deng

“…Sperm from C11orf94-deficient mice could pass through the zona pellucida, but failed to bind to the oocyte membrane, thus accumulating in the perivitelline space. …”
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Oocyte-Specific Knockout of Histone Lysine Demethylase KDM2a Compromises Fertility by Blocking the Development of Follicles and Oocytes by Xianrong Xiong, Xiaojian Zhang, Manzhen Yang, Yanjin Zhu, Hailing Yu, Xixi Fei, Fuko Mastuda, Daoliang Lan, Yan Xiong, Wei Fu, Shi Yin, Jian Li

“…To elucidate the physiological role of <i>Kdm2a</i>, the zona pellucida 3-Cre (<i>Zp3</i>-<i>Cre</i>)/LoxP system was used to generate an oocyte <i>Kdm2a</i> conditional knockout (<i>Zp3</i>-<i>Cre</i>; <i>Kdm2a^flox/flox</i>, termed <i>Kdm2a</i> cKO) model. …”
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Effects of butylated hydroxytoluene on protein P25b, chilled and cryopreserved bull semen in Bioxcell®, tris- and citrate-egg yolk extenders by Mada, Khumran Armiya'u

“…The sperm surface P25b is considered a bull fertility marker, very important in zona pellucida binding during fertilization. Thus, the fertility of spermatozoa may be preserved if P25b is protected. …”
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Oocyte differentiation is genetically dissociable from meiosis in mice by Dokshin, Gregoriy A., Baltus, Andrew E., Eppig, John J., Page, David C., Baltus, Andrew E.

“…Here we report Stra8-deficient ovarian germ cells that grow and differentiate into oocyte-like cells that synthesize zonae pellucidae, organize surrounding somatic cells into follicles, are ovulated in response to hormonal stimulation, undergo asymmetric cell division to produce a polar body and cleave to form two-cell embryos upon fertilization. …”
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Production of calves following nonsurgical transfer of fresh and refrigerated bovine demi-embryos by P. BREDBACKA, Ü. JAAKMA, I. MÜÜRSEPP

“…The viability of microblade-bisected Day-7 embryos transferred to recipients without zona pellucidae directly after splitting or after overnight storage at 4°C was investigated in two experiments. …”
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Effects of N-acetylcysteine on Growth, Viability, and Ultrastructure of In Vitro Cultured Bovine Secondary Follicles by Danisvânia R. Nascimento, Venância A. N. Azevedo, Pedro A. A. Barroso, Laryssa G. Barrozo, Bianca R. Silva, Anderson W. B. Silva, Mariana A. M. Donato, Christina A. Peixoto, José R. V. Silva

“…Ultrastructural analysis showed that oocytes from follicles cultured in control medium alone or with 1 mM NAC had intact zonae pellucidae in close association with oolemmae, but the ooplasm showed mitochondria with a reduced number of cristae. …”
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