Computer vision guided embryo biopsy by Wang, Zenan

“…The elliptical ZP boundary estimation can also be applied to measure zona pellucida thickness variance (ZPTV) and other ZP morphology measurements. …”
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Mechanical tuning of mammalian sperm behaviour by hyperactivation, rheology and substrate adhesion: a numerical exploration by Ishimoto, K, Gaffney, E

“…Hyperactivation also induces many effects: sperm exert greater forces on the substrate and periodically tug way from adhesions under circumstances reflecting binding at sperm reservoirs, but with extensive fluid elasticity, as found in the cumulus surrounding the zona pellucida, sperm instead continually push into the substrate. …”

#103 : The Clinical Outcomes of Lasered Assisted Hatching on Single Frozen-Thawed Blastocyst Cycle: A Retrospective, Observational Study by May Kee Chong, Sue Hwee Ng, Poo Keen Sim

“…Therefore, it can be a useful tool for patients with recurrent implantation failure or embryo with thick zona pellucida.…”
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The extracellular matrix of porcine mature oocytes: Origin, composition and presumptive roles by Pivko Juraj, Kopečný Václav, Degrouard Jeril, Fléchon Jacques E, Pavlok Antonin, Motlik Jan

“…Present in the perivitelline space (PVS) and on the surface of the zona pellucida (ZP), it appeared to be composed of thin filaments and granules at the interconnections of the filaments, which were interpreted respectively as hyaluronic acid chains and bound proteoglycans. …”
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Effect of supplementation of vitrification solution on post-thaw survivability rate of porcine follicular oocytes by KRISHNA KALITA, B C DEKA, R K BISWAS, P M BARUA, P BORAH, D J DUTTA, S K DAS

“…Vitrified post-thaw oocytes with intact zona pellucida and vitelline membrane, normal spherical shape and dark and evenly granulated cytoplasm under a stereo-zoom microscope were considered as viable. …”
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Establishing some Correlations between Certain Morphometric Parameters and Embryo Quality by Nicolae Păcală, Ioan Bencsik, Dorel Dronca, Gabi Dumitrescu, Ada Cean, Alexandra Ivan, Oana Ciobotaru

“…The morphometric parameters taken into consideration were: zona pellucida thickness, outer and inner diameter, and outer and inner perimeter. …”
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GDF9 and BMP15 Expressions and Fine Structure Changes During Folliculogenesis in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Meryem İlkay Karagül1, Savaş Aktaş1, Banu Coşkun Yılmaz1, Mustafa Yılmaz2, Gülhan Örekiçi Temel3

“…An increased electron density in the zona pellucida in some of the multilaminar primary and secondary follicles in the Polycystic ovary syndrome model was also observed at the ultrastructural level. …”
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Artificial Intelligence-Based Detection of Human Embryo Components for Assisted Reproduction by In Vitro Fertilization by Abeer Mushtaq, Maria Mumtaz, Ali Raza, Nema Salem, Muhammad Naveed Yasir

“…The manual microscopic analysis of blastocyst components, such as trophectoderm, zona pellucida, blastocoel, and inner cell mass, is time-consuming and requires keen expertise to select a viable embryo. …”
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Can expelled cells/debris from a developing embryo be used for PGT? by Adva Aizer, Noa Harel-Inbar, Hagit Shani, Raoul Orvieto

“…Since human embryos cultured until Day-5–6 were noticed to expel cell debris/ fragments within the zona pellucida, we aimed to examine whether these cell debris/ fragments might be used for PGT, as an alternative to embryo biopsy. …”
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Case report: A novel homozygous variant in ZP3 is associated with human empty follicle syndrome by Na Kong, Na Kong, Qian Xu, Xiaoyue Shen, Xiaoyue Shen, Xiangyu Zhu, Guangyi Cao, Guangyi Cao, Guangyi Cao

“…Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the role of zona pellucida-related genes in infertility and provide valuable insights for the genetic diagnosis of female infertility.…”
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New insights into posttranslational modifications of proteins during bull sperm capacitation by Agnieszka Mostek-Majewska, Anna Majewska, Anna Janta, Andrzej Ciereszko

“…This study demonstrates that capacitation triggers S-nitrosylation and S-glutathionylation (and reverse reactions) of zona-pellucida binding proteins, which may be a new important mechanism that determines the interaction between sperms and oocytes. …”
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Integrative analysis reveals pathways associated with sex reversal in Cynoglossus semilaevis by Zhan Ye, Weifeng Wang, Yaqun Zhang, Liping Wang, Yu Cui, Hengde Li

“…Of these differentially expressed genes (DEGs), zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 4-like (LOC103393374 , ZP4), zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 4-like (LOC103396071, ZP4) and forkhead box L2 (foxl2) were highly expressed in females and doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1(dmrt1) and doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 3 (dmrt3) were highly expressed in pseudomales. …”
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Role of reactive nitrogen species in male infertility by Doshi Sejal B, Khullar Karishma, Sharma Rakesh K, Agarwal Ashok

“…Physiological levels of ROS are necessary to maintain the reproductive functions such as cell signaling, tight junction regulation, production of hormones, capacitation, acrosomal reaction, sperm motility, and zona pellucida binding. However, an excess of RNS can adversely affect reproductive potential by causing testicular dysfunction, decreased gonadotropin secretion, and abnormal semen parameters. …”
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In silico identification and characterization of the SNPs in the human ASTL gene and their probable role in female infertility by Kapali Suri, Neha Rajput, Priya Sharma, Aishwarya D. Omble, Kiran Kulkarni, Gagandeep K. Gahlay

“…ASTL cleaves ZP2, one of the four primary glycoproteins of human zona pellucida, and this cleavage prevents polyspermy, causes zona pellucida hardening, and also protects the pre-implantation embryo. …”
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Mechanisms That Protect Mammalian Sperm from the Spontaneous Acrosome Reaction by Haim Breitbart, Elina Grinshtein

“…The capacitated spermatozoa subsequently interact with the oocyte zona-pellucida and undergo the acrosome reaction, which enables the penetration of the oocyte and subsequent fertilization. …”
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Mammalian Sperm Motility: Observation and Theory by Gaffney, E, Gadelha, H, Smith, D, Blake, J, Kirkman-Brown, J

“…Acronyms and Definitions Acrosome: the cap of the sperm head containing enzymes allowing penetration of the zona pellucida via the acrosome reaction Adenosine triphosphate (ATP): the currency unit of chemical energy transfer in living cells Axoneme: a phylogenetically conserved structure within the eukaryotic flagellum consisting of a ring of nine microtubule doublets and a central pair, frequently referred to as 9 + 2 Bending moment density: the moment per unit length associated with flagellar bending; it can be divided into a hydrodynamic moment, an elastic moment (from the flagellar bending stiffness), an active moment (generated by dyneins exerting forces between adjacent microtubule doublets), and a passive moment resisting shear Capacitation: the physiological state of a sperm required for fertilization, which is accompanied by the motility patterns associated with hyperactivation, characterized in saline by high-amplitude asymmetric beating Central pair: a pair of microtubules along the length of the axoneme, symmetrically and slightly offset from the axoneme centerline Cumulus oophorus: the outer vestment of the mammalian egg consisting of hundreds of cells radiating out from the egg embedded within a non-Newtonian hyaluronic acid gel Dynein: a molecular motor within the axoneme, attached between adjacent microtubule doublets, that exerts a shearing force to induce axonemal bending Flagellum: a motile cellular appendage that drives the swimming of sperm and other cells; this article focuses on the eukaryotic flagellum Microtubule doublet: a pair of proteinaceous filament structures running the length of the axoneme; dyneins drive their bending, which induces flagellar motion Mid-piece: the region of a sperm flagellum with a mitochondrial sheath, where ATP is generated Oocyte: the egg Outer dense fibers and fibrous sheath: accessory structures reinforcing the mammalian sperm flagellum; the combined axoneme and accessory structures are referred to as 9+9+2 Resistive-force theory: an approximation for the local drag of a slender filament element in Stokes flow (or a viscoelastic generalization thereof) Rheotaxis: directed motility in response to the influence of fluid flow Shear: in the context of the flagellum, the relative movement of adjacent microtubule doublets Slender-body theory: an improved approximation for the local drag on a slender filament element in Stokes flow (or a viscoelastic generalization thereof) Zona pellucida: a tough glycoprotein coat between the human egg and the cumulus oophorus, which a sperm must penetrate for successful fertilization …”

Influence of experimental hypo- and hyperthyroidism on the expression of sialoglycans in rat ovary and endometrium by Sogomonian E.A.

“…Selective labeling of zona pellucida and corona radiata, luteocytes, atretic follicles and leucocyteswas detected in ovaria; in endometrium lectin label was attributed to leucocytes and collagen fibers, epithelium and secretorycomponents of uterine glands.…”
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Current ZP3-based immunocontraceptive vaccine for free ranging wild pest by Lo, Sewn Cen, Allaudin, Zeenathul Nazariah, Abdul Rahman, Sheikh Omar, Mohd Lila, Mohd Azmi

“…In particular, mammalian zona pellucida 3 (ZP3) has provoked a great interest as a potential antigen for immunocontraception. …”
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<i>C. elegans</i> Apical Extracellular Matrices Shape Epithelia by Jennifer D. Cohen, Meera V. Sundaram

“…The nematode <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> contains a variety of distinct aECMs, some of which share many of the same types of components (lipids, lipoproteins, collagens, zona pellucida domain proteins, chondroitin glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans) with mammalian aECMs. …”
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Re-Biopsy and Biopsy of Post-vitrified Blastocyst by Krishna Mantravadi

“…Pre-caution needs to be exercised with vitrified-warmed embryos as the trophectoderm tissue gets very stick at biopsy and there is a chance of complete embryo hatching from zona-pellucida if excessive pressure is applied in the biopsy pipette. …”
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