Arylsulfatase A Remodeling during Human Sperm In Vitro Capacitation Using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) by María José Gómez-Torres, Natalia Huerta-Retamal, Laura Robles-Gómez, Paula Sáez-Espinosa, Jon Aizpurua, Manuel Avilés, Alejandro Romero

“…It is a well-known fact that the molecular complex arylsulfatase A (ARSA), hyaluronidase sperm adhesion molecule 1 (SPAM1), and heat shock protein 2 (HSPA2) plays a significant role in sperm–zona pellucida (ZP) binding. However, the time-dependent capacitation effects on the sperm surface ARSA presence and specific topographic distributions remain to be elucidated. …”
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Design and control of a piezo-driven flexure micromanipulator for the embryo biopsy by Zhang, Zezhong

“…One of the critical problems in TE biopsy is how to dissect the zona pellucida (ZP) membrane of the embryo with minimal cell deformation, which requires high-precision micromanipulation. …”
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Embryos generated from oocytes lacking complex N- and O-glycans have compromised development and implantation. by Grasa, P, Kaune, H, Williams, S

“…In vitro development of zygotes to blastocysts was equivalent to Controls although all embryos from DM females lacked a normal zona pellucida (ZP) and ∼30% lacked a ZP entirely. In contrast, in vivo preimplantation development resulted in less embryos recovered from DM females compared with Controls at 3.5 days post coitum (dpc) (3.2±1.3 vs 7.0±0.6). …”

Prediction of the Effect of Methylation in the Promoter Region of ZP2 Gene on Egg Production in Jinghai Yellow Chickens by Jin Zhang, Xiang-Qian Zhang, Xuan-Ze Ling, Xiu-Hua Zhao, Kai-Zhi Zhou, Jin-Yu Wang, Gen-Xi Zhang

“…The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of promoter methylation of the Zona pellucida 2 (ZP2) gene on egg production. Real-time fluorescence quantification showed that the expression of the ZP2 gene in the ovaries of 300-day-old Jinghai yellow chickens in the high-laying group was significantly higher than that in the low-laying group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). …”
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Effect of L-carnitine on sperm quality during liquid storage of boar semen by Kang Yang, Na Wang, Hai-Tao Guo, Jing-Ran Wang, Huan-Huan Sun, Liang-Zhen Sun, Shun-Li Yue, Jia-Bo Zhou

“…Interestingly, by assessing the effect of L-carnitine on sperm fertility and developmental potential, we discovered that the extender containing L-carnitine could improve sperm quality and increase the number of sperms bounding to zona pellucida, without improving in vitro fertility and development potential. …”
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DPAGT1‐Mediated Protein N‐Glycosylation Is Indispensable for Oocyte and Follicle Development in Mice by Hui Li, Liji You, Yufeng Tian, Jing Guo, Xianbao Fang, Chenmin Zhou, Lanying Shi, You‐Qiang Su

“…Mutant oocytes have a thin and fragile zona pellucida (ZP) due to the reduction in glycosylation of ZP proteins, and display poor developmental competence after fertilization in vitro. …”
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Establishment of a male fertility prediction model with sperm RNA markers in pigs as a translational animal model by Won-Ki Pang, Shehreen Amjad, Do-Yeal Ryu, Elikanah Olusayo Adegoke, Md Saidur Rahman, Yoo-Jin Park, Myung-Geol Pang

“…Results Among the genes related to acrosomal vesicle exocytosis and sperm–oocyte fusion, equatorin (EQTN), zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 4 (ZP4), and sperm acrosome membrane-associated protein 3 exhibited high accuracy (70%, 90%, and 70%, respectively) as markers to evaluate male fertility. …”
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Exposure to Cumulus Cell Secretome Improves Sperm Function: New Perspectives for Sperm Selection In Vitro by Francesca Paola Luongo, Silvia Perez Casasus, Alesandro Haxhiu, Fabio Barbarulo, Marta Scarcella, Laura Governini, Paola Piomboni, Catello Scarica, Alice Luddi

“…The cumulus oophorus complex (COC) during natural fertilization represents a barrier that spermatozoa must overcome to reach the zona pellucida and fertilize the oocyte. Spermatozoa that can pass through the COC have better structural and metabolic characteristics as well as enhanced acrosome reaction (AR). …”
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A Study on the Effect of Cinnamon on the Structure of the Ovary in Diabetic Rats by M Soleimani mehrnjani, M.H Abnosi, M Mahmoodi, M Anvari, A.R Dezfolian, H Davoodzadeh

“…The total volume of ovary, cortex and medulla, diameter of Graafian follicle and oocyte and thickness of zona pellucida were estimated by stereological methods. …”
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Ovary stereological features and serum biochemical factors following induction of polycystic ovary syndrome with testosterone enanthate in mice: An experimental study by Zahra Kalhori, Malek Soleimani Mehranjani, Mehri Azadbakht, Mohammad Ali Shariaatzadeh

“…Results: The mean total volume of ovary and the mean volume of cortex (p<0.001), volume of oocyte in the preantral (p=0.011) and antral follicle (p=0.015), thickness of zona pellucida (p=0.016), the number of antral follicles (p=0.012), the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (p<0.001) and the antioxidant capacity (p=0.020) reduced significantly in the PCOS group compared to the control. …”
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Sperm-binding to the perivitelline membrane of chicken egg yolk as a functional test for sperm evaluation in dogs by Maíra Morales Brito, João Diego Agostini Losano, Daniel de Souza Ramos Angrimani, Cristina de Fátima Lúcio, Andressa Dalmazzo, Marcílio Nichi, Camila Infantosi Vannucchi

“…During fertilization, spermatozoa interact with the zona pellucida (ZP) through the binding between the acrosome and proteins 2 and 3 (ZP2 and ZP3). …”
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Ajwa Improves Nicotine Induced Ovarian Toxicity in Murine Model by Faeza Rauf, Muhammad Suhail, Tayyaba Muzaffar, Javaid Iqbal, Sadia Iqbal, Asia Nazeer

“…Results: In group B, secondary and Graafian follicles were mostly atrophic, degeneration of granulosa cells, pyknotic nuclei and stromal vacuolization were present. Zona pellucida was torn and irregular. Mean diameters of secondary and Graafian follicles were significantly lower in nicotine group B (p-value<0 -001*) . …”
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Identification of protein candidates in spermatozoa of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bulls helps in predicting their fertility status by Seema Karanwal, Ankit Pal, Jatinder Singh Chera, Vipul Batra, Arumugam Kumaresan, Tirtha K. Datta, Rakesh Kumar

“…Gene ontology analysis revealed that the fertility associated high abundant proteins in HF were involved in spermatogenesis, sperm motility, acrosome integrity, zona pellucida binding and other associated sperm functions. …”
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Can maternal postpartum testosterone and estradiol retrospectively predict the offspring's sex at birth? A cross‐sectional study in Ghana by Moses Banyeh, Shafiat Omotoyosi Shittu, Shamsu‐Deen Ziblim, Peter Paul Mwinsanga Dapare, Martha Nyewie, Clement Binwatin Dagungong

“…Abstract The selection of X‐ or Y‐bearing spermatozoa during fertilization may depend on maternal circulating sex hormones. The zona pellucida of the developing oocyte is adapted to be selective for the Y‐bearing spermatozoa when maternal circulating androgens are relatively high. …”
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Melatonin Mitigates Cisplatin-Induced Ovarian Dysfunction via Altering Steroidogenesis, Inflammation, Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, and PTEN/PI3K/Akt/mTOR/AMPK Signaling Pathway in... by Amal Al-Shahat, Mohey A. E. Hulail, Nada M. M. Soliman, Tarek Khamis, Liana Mihaela Fericean, Ahmed Hamed Arisha, Rania S. Moawad

“…The histopathological examination of the cisplatin-treated group showed deleterious changes within ovarian tissue in the form of damaged follicles and corpus luteum, hemorrhage, and inflammatory infiltrates with faint PAS reaction in zona pellucida, increased ovarian collagen deposition, and marked expression of caspase-3 immune reaction in granulosa and theca cells, stroma, and oocytes. …”
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Direct Injection of Recombinant AAV-Containing Solution into the Oviductal Lumen of Pregnant Mice Caused In Situ Infection of Both Preimplantation Embryos and Oviductal Epithelium by Masahiro Sato, Nami Sato-Yamamoto, Ai Wakita, Misako Haraguchi, Manabu Shimonishi, Hiroyuki Okuno

“…Our results indicate that intra-oviductal injection of AAV-6 vectors is the most effective method for transducing zona pellucida-enclosed preimplantation embryos in situ. …”
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Stratifying Cumulus Cell Samples Based on Molecular Profiling to Help Resolve Biomarker Discrepancies and to Predict Oocyte Developmental Competence by Osman El-Maarri, Muhammad Ahmer Jamil, Maria Köster, Nicole Nüsgen, Johannes Oldenburg, Markus Montag, Hans van der Ven, Katrin van der Ven

“…We also studied the association of the generated genomic data with the clinical parameters (spindle presence, zona pellucida birefringence, pronuclear pattern, estrogen level, endometrium size and lead follicle size) and the pregnancy result. …”
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Overdue Calcium Oscillation Causes Polyspermy but Possibly Permits Normal Development in Mouse Eggs by Mio Fukuoka, Woojin Kang, Daiki Katano, Sae Horiike, Mami Miyado, Mamoru Tanaka, Kenji Miyado, Mitsutoshi Yamada

“…As expected, eCS deficiency enhanced polyspermy in both zona pellucida (ZP)-free and ZP-intact eggs despite producing the next generation of <i>eCs</i>-KO males. …”
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Laser-assisted in vitro fertilization facilitates fertilization of vitrified-warmed C57BL/6 mouse oocytes with fresh and frozen-thawed spermatozoa, producing live pups. by Stephanie E Woods, Peimin Qi, Elizabeth Rosalia, Tony Chavarria, Allan Discua, John Mkandawire, James G Fox, Alexis García

“…Due to hardening of the zona pellucida, spermatozoa are often unable to penetrate vitrified-warmed (V-W) oocytes. …”
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Human Blastocyst Components Detection Using Multiscale Aggregation Semantic Segmentation Network for Embryonic Analysis by Muhammad Arsalan, Adnan Haider, Se Woon Cho, Yu Hwan Kim, Kang Ryoung Park

“…The morphometric properties of blastocysts with their compartments such as trophectoderm (TE), zona pellucida (ZP), inner cell mass (ICM), and blastocoel (BL), are analyzed through manual microscopic analysis to predict viability. …”
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