A multiphysics model of photo-sensitive hydrogels in response to light-thermo-pH-salt coupled stimuli for biomedical applications by Chen, Xiao, Li, Hua, Lam, King-Yeung

“…This paper aims to unveil the fundamental response mechanism of photo-sensitive hydrogels subject to light-thermo-pH-salt coupled stimuli, for their potential biomedical uses such as cell scaffolds and extracellular matrices, where biological activity largely depends on internal electrochemical changes. …”
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Poly(ß-hydroxy thioether)s: synthesis through thiol-epoxy ‘click’ reaction and post-polymerization modification to main-chain polysulfonium salts by Stuparu, Mihaiela Corina, Khan, Anzar

“…The thioether group can be modified by a post-polymerization alkylation reaction to access antibiofouling and antibacterial ß-hydroxy sulfonium salts. Overall, therefore, the thiol-epoxy reaction is highly utilitarian in the context of polymer synthesis. …”
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Production and optimisation of used cooking palm oil into protected fat calcium salts by fusion method using response surface methodology (RSM) by Mohamad Asrol, Kalam, Pak Dek, Mohd Sabri, Suyub, I. B., Sugnaseelan, Sumita, Jusoh, Shokri

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A comparative study on thermal conductivity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/expanded graphite/graphene enhanced molten nitrate salt: a review by Li, Li, Muhamad, Mat Noor, Kadirgama, Kumaran

“…This review presents a comprehensive comparative study on the thermal conductivity enhancement of molten nitrate salt when integrated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTS), expanded graphite, and graphene. …”
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Ethnic differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to dietary salt intake and association with hypertension in Malaysia: a multi-centre cross-sectional study by Chia, Yook Chin, Ching, Siew Mooi, Chew, Ming Tsuey, Devaraj, Navin Kumar, Oui, Jethro Ee Keat, Lim, Hooi Min, Chew, Bee Nah, Mohamed, Mohazmi, Ooi, Pei Boon, Cheng, Maong Hui, Beh, Hooi Chin, Chung, Felicia Fei-Lei

“…The association between high salt intake and elevated blood pressure levels has been well-documented. …”

Highly stretchable, elastic, and ionic conductive hydrogel for artificial soft electronics by Zhou, Yang, Wan, Changjin, Yang, Yongsheng, Yang, Hui, Wang, Shancheng, Dai, Zhendong, Ji, Keju, Jiang, Hui, Chen, Xiaodong, Long, Yi

“…The proposed ionic conductive hydrogel is achieved by physically cross-linking the tough biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel as the matrix and embedding hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) biopolymer fibers inside matrix followed by salt solution soaking. The wrinkle and dense structure induced by salting in PVA matrix provides large stress (1.3 MPa) and strain (975%). …”
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Thermally induced phase separation PVDF membrane fabricated by using NaCl coagulation bath: relation of membrane surface morphology and permeation performance by Chen, Ningyuan, Zhao, Jie, Shi, Lei, Goto, Atsushi, Wang, Rong

“…The inclusion of NaCl in the coagulation bath serves to decrease the solubility of PEG within this medium, owing to the salting-out effect. Consequently, the NaCl concentration in the coagulation bath emerges as a crucial factor in regulating the migration of PEG400 toward the membrane surface. …”
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Studies of seed-borne fungi of tropical pasture legume species by Nik, WZ, Parbery, DG

“…In order to isolate storage fungi, seeds were incubated on salt-malt agar. This medium was also effective in isolating pathogens which survived for long periods in seed, which suggests that such pathogens may share with storage fungi physiological characteristics which aid survival in seed. …”

Understanding Entrainment in Human Groups: Optimising Human-Robot Collaboration from Lessons Learned during Human-Human Collaboration by Schneiders, Eike, Fourie, Christopher, Celestin, Stanley, Shah, Julie, Jung, Malte

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Effect of pore size distribution on the desalination performance of the selective layer of nanoporous atomically-thin membranes by Chow, Chun-Man, Karnik, Rohit

“…Sealing of large, salt-permeable pores (e.g. by interfacial polymerization) limits salt leakage but substantially reduces water permeance. …”
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Effect of pre-load on diffusion characteristics of composite material by Chew, Xin Yun

“…The aim of this project was to study the water absorption properties of the composite when immersed in salt water – the salt water had a salt to water concentration of 3.5%. …”
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Use of co-cultivation method to stimulate the production of antimicrobial natural products from mangrove microorganisms by Tan, Jin Wei

“…Cryptic gene clusters from actinomycetes are suspected to harbor potential in producing bioactive products, and in this study, co-cultivation is utilized to stimulate these cryptic gene clusters in novel antibiotics production. 10 actinomycete strains isolated from Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve were co-cultured with Mycobacterium Abscessus and Asperigillus Westerdijikiae in two liquid mediums, Glucose-Yeast extract-Malt extract (GYM) and Minimum Media (MM). Their culture extracts were screened for antibacterial activity using filter-disc assay. …”
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Mathematical modelling of water filtration by Tan, Cindy Xin Yu

“…Saline water can be desalinized with the use of reverse osmosis, wherein a mixture of water and dissolved salt molecules is forced by a high pressure pump through a semi-permeable membrane, preventing the bigger salt molecules from getting through the holes of the membrane but allowing the tinier water molecules to do so. …”
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Experimental investigation on the performance of binary carbon-based nano-enhanced inorganic phase change materials for thermal energy storage applications by Rajamony, Reji Kumar, Johnny Koh, Siaw Paw, Pasupuleti, Jagadeesh, Pandey, A. K., Chong, Tak Yaw, Sieh, Kiong Tiong, Yusaf, Talal, Mahendran, Samykano, Sofiah, A. G. N., Laghari, Imtiaz Ali, Ahmed, Oday A., K., Kadirgama

“…The binary nanoparticle-enhanced nanocomposites can form a decent thermal network, resulting in a remarkable enhancement in thermal conductivity by 160 % (1.2 W/mK) compared to pure salt hydrate. Moreover, a remarkable improvement in optical absorptance and a reduction in optical transmittance by 82.55 % for 0.7 wt% graphene and 0.07 wt% MWCNT enhanced salt hydrate PCM (SAHGrM-0.07) than pure salt hydrate PCM. …”
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Modeling Henry's law and phase separations of water–NaCl–organic mixtures with solvation and ion-pairing by Wilson, Aaron D., Foo, Zi Hao, Jayasinghe, Ashini S., Stetson, Caleb, Lee, Hyeonseok, Rollins, Harry W., Deshmukh, Akshay, Lienhard, John H

“…We used a two-variable speciation-based solution model to correlate VLE (organic Henry’s law coefficient and water activity), SLE (organic-induced salt crystallization), and salt-induced LLE separation of H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O-NaCl-MeCN mixtures.…”
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Complex coacervates loaded with nano enzymes as microreactor by Ng, Si Yi

“…Complex coacervates are predominantly driven by electrostatic forces and entropic changes and are affected by numerous parameters such as pH, mixing ratio and salt concentration. In this study, we aim to derive the optimum conditions for the complex coacervates of the Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC; IUPAC name, is a 1-hexadecylpyridinium chloride) and Carboxymethyl-dextran sodium salt (Dextran sodium salt, DSS), focusing on the optimum pH, mixing ratio and salt concentration. …”
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In-vitro compatibility evaluation of fungal mixed culture for bioconversion of domestic wastewater sludge by Molla, Abul Hossain, Fakhru'l‐Razi, Ahmadun, Abd‐Aziz, Suraini, Hanafi, Mohamed Musa, Alam, Md. Zahangir

“…Two different fungi were grown in the same petri dish 4 cm apart in two culture media, potato dextrose agar (PDA) and malt extract agar (MEA). Fifteen different in-vitro interactions were studied and summarized according to five possible outcomes, i.e., mutual intermingling, partial mutual intermingling, inhibition at contact point, inhibition at a distance and replacement. …”
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Process economics and operating strategy for the energy-efficient reverse osmosis (EERO) process by Chong, Tzyy Haur, Krantz, William B.

“…To address problems encountered in a pilot-scale test of the EERO process, it develops an operating strategy involving boosting the pressure to the low salt-rejection stage of the CMCR to compensate for using membranes with a higher salt rejection than required. …”
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Effects of membrane chlorination on performance of reverse osmosis and nano-filtration membranes by Ho, Yung Lin.

“…Salt permeability for all membranes was improved after chlorination. …”
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New methods in 18F-fluorination and fluoroalkylation by Ford, J

“…Attention is then given to the automation and scale-up of the reaction, the use of pyridinium salts as elution reagents, the evaluation of crude pyridinium salts in 18F-fluorination and comparison to other substrates.…”