Study of LIDAR mapping technology by Lin, Xinyuan.

“…High-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs) are essential for many topographic applications such as flood modeling. LIDAR is one of the latest optical remote sensing technologies that used to generate DTM. …”
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Controls on present-day and future rainfall over southern Africa in coupled climate models by Munday, C

“…These findings suggest that improving the representation of the Angola Low, topography and the northeasterly flow should be targets for model development. …”

Effects of Surface Scattering in Waveform Inversion by Bleibinhaus, Florian, Rondenay, Stephane

“…We compute synthetic data for this model and different topographies, and we invert it neglecting the free surface. …”
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Vectors of power and specters of control. by Tan, Jonathan Wei Peng.

“…Mirroring Singapore's process to bring its topography under control are individual breakthroughs in conquering the orchid. …”
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Fabrication of artificial defects in aircraft components for nondestructive testing using 3D printing by Chan, Marcus Jia Jun

“…An Ultrasonic C-scan was also being performed to understand correctly the topography provided in the results. It was found that despite being able to correctly measure the component’s depth, the topography was found to be distorted due to a combination of beam spread and machine measurement errors. …”
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High performance nano-scale measurements by advanced atomic force estimation by Cui, Song

“…The AFM system deploys a tiny probe to interact with the sample such that topography information of the sample can be obtained. …”
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Effects of tool wear on roughness of machined surfaces by Soh, Kok Hua.

“…This project aims to correlate surface roughness of work piece to the worn out Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) cutting tools which is obtained by cutting Metal Matrix Composite. Surface Topography of the specimens will also be investigated using SEM.…”
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Wettability modification of glass surfaces by deposition of transparent conducting oxides using laser texturing by Abdul Fattah, Mohamad Tahir, Syarifah Nur Aqida, Syed Ahmad, Izwan, Ismail

“…The modified glass surface demonstrated the ability to produce tunable wettability by altering its surface topography and surface chemistry using TCO.…”
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Global whole lithosphere isostasy : implications for surface elevations, structure, strength, and densities of the continental lithosphere by Lamb, Simon, Moore, James Daniel Paul, Perez-Gussinye, Marta, Stern, Tim

“…We use a global model of WLI as a framework to assess factors controlling topography, showing that plausible regional variations in crustal and mantle densities, together with uncertainties in the crustal and conductive lithospheric thicknesses, are sufficient to account for global elevations without invoking dynamic topography greater than a few hundred meters. …”
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Eddy transport with a beta effect: a joint experimental and numerical study by Qian, C

“…The measurements with a topographic beta effect are more consistent with a generalized Fickian assumption as well as the energetic constraints theory, which imply the support for its application towards eddy closure for climate studies.…”

Nonlinear optical imaging investigations at the micro-scale by Lim, Ken Choong

“…Furthermore, the NLSM was used to perform 3D tomographic imaging on electroluminescent displays printed on a plastic substrate. …”
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Micro-systems mechanics VOLUME III by Lin, Rongming, David J. Ewins

“…At this flying height, the topography of the surface of the disk and the slider head has to be taken into consideration. …”
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A numerical modeling approach for better differentiation of boulders transported by a tsunami, storm, and storm-induced energetic infragravity waves by Watanabe, Masashi, Goto, Kazuhisa, Roeber, Volker, Kan, Hironobu, Imamura, Fumihiko

“…When the dimensionless transport distance of a boulder (=transport distance of a boulder/offshore wave height) is less than 4.0 × 10 over planar topography and 3.0 × 10 over reef topography, both waves can potentially be responsible for the transport distance. …”
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Characterization of sputtered, doped BaTiO3 films for multiferroic applications by Haghighi, Sara Borhani

“…The relationship between the film structure and sputtering parameters is the main theme of this report, but surface topography and limited ferroelectric and magnetic properties were also determined.…”
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Electrostatic adhesion pad for wall climbing robot by Suriyono

“…This design was based on hybrid adhesion without the fibril, instead, it made use of compliancy of elastomer material to accommodate surface topography. As adhesion panel with payload up to 100 times of its weight () was achieved. …”
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Synthesis, structural studies and ligand influence on the stability of aryl-NHC stabilised trimethylaluminium complexes by Wu, Melissa M., Gill, Arran M., Lu, Yunpeng, Laura, Falivene, Li, Yongxin, Rakesh, Ganguly, Luigi, Cavallo, Felipe, García

“…Furthermore, compounds 1–4 show differential stability depending on the nature of the NHC ligand. Analyses of topographic steric maps and NHC %VBur were used to explain these differences. …”
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The Viking Great Army north of the Tyne: A Viking camp in Northumberland? by Kershaw, J, Jarman, C, Weber, H, Horton, M

“…This paper introduces the site, its topography and small finds and details the results from initial geophysics and lidar surveys. …”

Tissue engineering approach using fibrous scaffold with matricellular protein for wound healing by Chen, Huizhi

“…For wound healing applications, the interactions between scaffold topographic features and cellular responses, especially the directional cell migration and phenotypic change, are critical but not well explored yet. …”
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Sol gel dielectrics for organic field effect transistors : investigations of device performance enhancement, molecular organization and interfacial chemistry effects by Cahyadi, Tommy

“…The smoother film surfaces of sol-gel silica (~1.9 Å root-mean-square) and low surface energy (water contact angle of ~75°) have been shown to allow effective modification of bottom layer topography without being limited by the chemistry required for self-assembled monolayer (SAM) functionalization, while simultaneously fine-tuning the dielectric surface, thus resulting in planarization of dielectric surface roughness in stacked gate dielectric applications.…”
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Surface modification and characterization of polypropylene fibers by Tan, Terry Jian Hong.

“…Surface characterization were carried out using the SEM for surface topography as well as the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy or XPS to get some insights of the chemical characteristics of the treated PP fiber surface. …”
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