Methods or methodology: terms that are too often confused by Harvey, Orlanda, Regmi, Pramod Raj, Mahato, Preeti, Dhakal Adhikari, Shovita, Dhital, Rolina, Van Teijlingen, Edwin

“…Methodology is a broader concept as it refers to the overall approach to the research, includes a justification for this approach, and links to research philosophy, i.e., how we produce knowledge. …”
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Tau filaments are tethered within brain extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer’s disease by Fowler, SL, Behr, TS, Turkes, E, O’Brien, DP, Cauhy, PM, Rawlinson, I, Edmonds, M, Foiani, MS, Schaler, A, Crowley, G, Bez, S, Ficulle, E, Tsefou, E, Fischer, R, Geary, B, Gaur, P, Miller, C, D’Acunzo, P, Levy, E, Duff, KE, Ryskeldi-Falcon, B

“…Assembled tau associates with extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the central nervous system of individuals with AD, which is linked to its clearance and prion-like propagation. …”

Minority ethnic pupils in the longitudinal study of young people in England (Extension report on performance in public examinations at age 16) by Strand, S

“…Strand (2007) reported an analysis of the LSYPE Wave 1 data, specifically linked to the pupils’ attainment in Key Stage 3 (KS3) national tests in 2004. …”

Tower companies vs. mergers in mobile networks by Koutroumpis, P, Masselos, K

“…The main driver of this change is linked to the reduction of capital expenditures by operators and the increasing sharing of infrastructure by tower companies that improves their assets’ tenancy ratios. …”

The representation dynamic and the “normalization” of group differences by Carvalho, J-P, Pradelski, BSR

“…<p>Intergroup inequality has been linked to differing norms of economic participation among groups. …”

Intestinal piezo1 promotes neuroinflammation to facilitate oligodendrocyte ferroptosis post-traumatic brain injury by Jun, Ding Zhi, Liang, Wu, Xiong, Chen Zheng, Mao, Zeng Rui, Wang, Shangyuan, Zhang, Tang Ming

“…This study utilized bioinformatics analysis with paired samples to explore potential causal links between inflammatory factors and TBI and cognitive impairment. …”
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Spectral variation of normalised laplacian for various network models by Liang, Y.S.J., Chan, K.T., Shah, N.M.

“…Since the models inherit similar structural properties to the real-world network, by studying their nodes and links, many network properties can be identified. …”
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Laser assisted micro patterning atop shape memory polymer by Goh, Chee Siew.

“…The aim of this project is built on this property of the SMP, in which micro-sized arrays in the form of protrusion bumps and lines will be created onto the SMP surface. SMP has existed for a long time and in the past few years, its usefulness has been illustrated in many industries include the biomedical industry. …”
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Miniaturized planar filters for UWB application by Lau, Yizhang.

“…There are several novels on how to improve a MMR design like using aperture-Backed PCML and Capacitive-Ended Interdigital Coupled lines. In this project, a microstrip stub-loaded dual-mode resonator doublets design is proposed. …”
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Investigating the role of RUNX3 in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). by Muhammad Bakhait Rahmat.

“…Further biochemical studies need to be followed up to investigate the mechanistic principles involved in RUNX3 mediated inhibition of EMT in intermediate stage A549 cell lines.…”
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Systems medicine disease : disease classification and scalability beyond networks and boundary conditions by Berlin, Richard, Gruen, Russell, Best, James

“…When Disease is viewed beyond the thresholds of lines and threshold boundaries, disease definition is not only the result of reductionist, mechanistic categories which reluctantly face re-composition. …”
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Entangled exclusions: borders, frontiers and urban geopolitics from northeast India by Das, P, Mittal, G, Sarma, J

“…These have, in turn, led to further displacement, enclavization, and ghettoization of minority communities who are deemed ‘non-native’ along ethnocentric lines. Taking two cases from Shillong and Guwahati, we introduce the concept of entangled exclusions to analyse the layered, intertwined, multi-scalar nature of divides within these frontier cities. …”

Reverse translational approaches to population neuroimaging: using rodent models to interpret genetic associations with MRI by Tisca, C

“…Researchers have identified novel links between imaging-derived phenotypes and genetics. …”

Estrogenic post-menopausal anti-osteoporotic mechanism of Achyranthes aspera L.: Phytochemicals and network pharmacology approaches by Huq, AKM Moyeenul, Stanslas, Johnson, Nizhum, Nisarat, Uddin, Md. Nazim, Maulidiani, Maulidiani, Roney, Miah, Abas, Faridah, Jamal, Jamia Azdina

“…Hormone replacement therapy is used to treat postmenopausal syndrome caused by estrogen deficiency, but it has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. In India, Achyranthes aspera L. is traditionally used to treat menstrual problems; however, there is a lack of mechanistic evidence of its phytoestrogenicity. …”
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Unraveling the association between socioeconomic diversity and consumer price index in a tourism country by Leng, Yan, Babwany, Nakash Ali, Pentland, Alex

“…The case study on Andorra used in this study contributes to two growing literature: linking diversity with economic outcomes, and macro-economic monitoring with large-scale data. …”
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Integrated annotation prioritizes metabolites with bioactivity in inflammatory bowel disease by Bhosle, Amrisha, Bae, Sena, Zhang, Yancong, Chun, Eunyoung, Avila-Pacheco, Julian, Geistlinger, Ludwig, Pishchany, Gleb, Glickman, Jonathan N, Michaud, Monia, Waldron, Levi, Clish, Clary B, Xavier, Ramnik J, Vlamakis, Hera, Franzosa, Eric A, Garrett, Wendy S, Huttenhower, Curtis

“…Prioritized features included known IBD-linked chemical families such as bile acids and short-chain fatty acids, and less-explored bilirubin, polyamine, and vitamin derivatives, and other microbial products. …”
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Novel hole transporting materials based on triptycene core for high efficiency mesoscopic perovskite solar cells by Mhaisalkar, Subodh Gautam, Sabba, Dharani, Li, Hairong, Yin, Jun, Boix, Pablo P., Krishna, Anurag, Soci, Cesare, Grimsdale, Andrew C.

“…The optical and electrochemical properties were tuned by modifying the functional groups, through linking the triptycene to diphenylamines via phenyl and/or thienyl groups. …”
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Accumulation and enhanced cycling of polyphosphate by Sargasso Sea plankton in response to low phosphorus by Martin, Patrick, Dyhrman, Sonya T., Lomas, Michael W., Poulton, Nicole J., Van Mooy, Benjamin A. S.

“…Phytoplankton alter their biochemical composition according to nutrient availability, such that their bulk elemental composition varies across oceanic provinces. However, the links between plankton biochemical composition and variation in biogeochemical cycling of nutrients remain largely unknown. …”
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Arabidopsis RCD1 coordinates chloroplast and mitochondrial functions through interaction with ANAC transcription factors by Shapiguzov, Alexey, Fernie, Alisdair R., Vainonen, Julia P., Hunter, Kerri, Tossavainen, Helena, Tiwari, Arjun, Järvi, Sari, Hellman, Maarit, Aarabi, Fayezeh, Alseekh, Saleh, Wybouw, Brecht, Van Der Kelen, Katrien, Nikkanen, Lauri, Krasensky-Wrzaczek, Julia, Sipari, Nina, Keinänen, Markku, Tyystjärvi, Esa, Rintamäki, Eevi, De Rybel, Bert, Salojärvi, Jarkko, Van Breusegem, Frank, Brosché, Mikael, Permi, Perttu, Aro, Eva-Mari, Wrzaczek, Michael, Kangasjärvi, Jaakko

“…RCD1-dependent regulation is linked to chloroplast signaling by 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate (PAP). …”
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Environmental governance of transportation infrastructure under Belt and Road Initiative : A unified framework by Wang, Xueqin, Wong, Yiik Diew, Yuen, Kum Fai, Li, Kevin X.

“…With a primary goal to improve regional and global connectivity, the initiative proposes a massive development programme of transportation infrastructure (TI) linking China with the rest of the world. While it creates a tremendous development opportunity, the unprecedented scale of TI construction also brings various challenges. …”
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