Comparative analysis of changes in retinal layer thickness following femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery and conventional cataract surgery by Surl, Dongheon, Kim, Seungmin, Kim, Sangyeop, Kim, Tae-Im, Seo, Kyoung Yul, Jun, Ikhyun

“…The average retinal thickness of the four inner macular ring quadrants was used for comparative analysis. …”
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Transient prediction of nanoparticle-laden droplet drying patterns through dynamic mode decomposition by Tanis-Kanbur, Melike Begum, Kumtepeli, Volkan, Kanbur, Baris Burak, Ren, Junheng, Duan, Fei

“…The developed data-driven approach has also achieved the acceptable prediction for the droplet diameter with less than 0.13% error and a coffee-ring thickness over a range of 2.0 to 6.7 μm. Moreover, the proposed machine learning algorithm can recognize the volume of the droplet liquid and the transition of the drying regime from one to another according to the predicted contact line and the droplet height.…”
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Characterization of the biosynthetic gene cluster and shunt products yields insights into the biosynthesis of balmoralmycin by Ma, Guang-Lei, Xin, Lingyi, Liao, Yanghui, Chong, Zhi-Soon, Candra, Hartono, Pang, Li Mei, Lee, Sean Qiu En, Gakuubi, Martin Muthee, Ng, Siew Bee, Liang, Zhao-Xun

“…Four of the coproducts (compounds 528) are novel compounds that feature a highly oxygenated or fragmented lactone ring, and three of them (compounds 325) exhibited cytotoxicity against the human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2 with IC50 values ranging from 0.9 to 1.2 mg/mL. …”
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Temperature and burning history affect emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosol particles from tropical peatland fire by Kuwata, Mikinori, Kai, Fuu Ming, Yang, Liudongqing, Itoh, Masayuki, Gunawan, Haris, Harvey, Charles F.

“…Mass spectrometric analysis of organic components indicated that aerosol particles emitted at higher temperatures had more unsaturated bonds and ring structures than that emitted from cooler fires. …”
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Mechanical and microstructural characteristics of high-strength self-compacting concrete (HSSCC) with optimal silica fume and fly ash cement replacement by Aliyu Azare, Ahmed, Mohd Haziman, Wan Ibrahim, Faisal Alshalif, Alshalif, Putra Jaya, Ramadhansyah, Nindyawati, Nindyawati

“…These aspects entailed fresh properties’ verification, slump flow, T500, J-ring, segregation resistance, and compressive strength on newly incorporated properties. …”
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Sessile droplet evaporation on patterned surfaces by Ng, Aaron Chin Liang

“…With a bigger particle size, the coffee-ring pattern becomes less dominant which slowly transitions into a uniform pattern. …”
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Gold-catalyzed intramolecular animation of alcohol pro-electrophiles as novel synthetic strategies to nitrogen heterocycles by Prasath Kothandaraman

“…In Chapter V, gold-catalyzed tandem ring opening/amination of secondary and tertiary 2-tosylaminophenylcyclopropyl carbinols is introduced as an efficient synthetic route to 2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[b]azepines as well as 2-vinylindolines. …”
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Study of cascade failures of power grids by Ng, Jason Wei Long.

“…Complex networks have been the recent model that researchers adopted so as to study the power grid in greater detail. Making use of the ring network topology, the power grid is then modeled into a complex network. …”
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Synthesis of α-methylene-δ-valerolactone and its selective polymerization from a product mixture for concurrent separation and polymer production by Khechfe, Alexander A, Eckstrom, Francesca D, Chokkapu, Eswara Rao, Baston, Lucas A, Liu, Bowei, Chen, Eugene Y-X, Román-Leshkov, Yuriy

“…Using a model mixture of 30 wt% of MVL in DVL, vinyl-addition polymerization converted MVL to the corresponding vinyl polymer (PMVL)VAP in 98% yield, while DVL was recovered in 96% yield by distillation. Alternatively, ring-opening polymerization of the same mixture resulted in a DVL/MVL copolyester and separatable vinyl homopolymer P(MVL)VAP.…”
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Biochemical Analysis of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Film Degradation Kinetics of Engineered IsPETase Variants by Zhong-Johnson, En Ze Linda

“…I developed a kinetic assay based on spectrophotometric measurements of UVabsorbance of the products in the reaction supernatant, as degradation products harboring the benzene ring will absorb between 240-280 nm. The method was found to be reliable to obtain relative measurements of initial reaction rates but cannot be used to determine the absolute concentration of products in the supernatant. …”
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Synthesis of biomimetic co-polypeptides with tunable degrees of phosphorylation by Lipik, Vitali, Zhang, Lihong, Miserez, Ali

“…Here, we present a co-polypeptide synthesis strategy based on the Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) of N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs), followed by controlled phosphorylation of serine (Ser) residues. …”
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Particle self-assembly in sessile droplet on patterned substrate by Lim, Si Xian

“…Both 3μm and 10μm patterns at 2.6(wt%) show outer-ring patterns which means particles stacking above the cavities structures are easily drifted. …”
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Development of a counter-UAV system by Tang, Wen Yue

“…The parachute deployment system consists of a rotating ring that locks four petals in place. When deployed, the petals are forced outwards, releasing the parachute. …”
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Tunable quantum cascade lasers for midinfrared spectroscopic sensing by Li, Jinghao

“…Finally, we design a novel tunable QCL based on coupled ring resonator filters. The fabricated device achieves a quasi-continuous tuning range of ~ 18 cm^-1 around 7.4 µm by varying heatsink temperature.…”
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Experimental investigation of impact response of composite plates/panels by Gan, Jia Li

“…Damage patterns in the acrylic sheet include radial and ring cracks and, together with slight delamination at the interface, which may cause peeling-off of acrylic material from the sandwich plate. …”
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Indefinite metamaterials for optical applications by Bisht, Ankit

“…Using full-wave Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations with diffraction limited trimer, quadrumer and ringed objects etched on thin perfect electric conductor (PEC) films, we show that the hyperlens model can achieve magnification factors of up to 10X in the far-field (~4.5λ from object’s surface) under a light source with a wavelength of 1 μm, with successful resolution down to 220 nm (~λ/5). …”
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Two kinds of phase transition in photonic systems with application to optical isolation by Zhou, Xin

“…We study three representative designs: (i) a waveguide array implementing a nonlinear 1D Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model, (ii) a waveguide array implementing a nonlinear 2D Haldane model, and (iii) a 2D lattice of coupled-ring waveguides. In the first two cases, we find a correspondence between the topological transition of the underlying linear lattice and the power threshold of the transmittance, and show that the transmission behavior is attributable to the emergence of a self-induced topological soliton. …”
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Controlling selectivity in the reductive activation of CO2 by mixed sandwich uranium(iii) complexes by Tsoureas, N, Castro, L, Kilpatrick, A, Cloke, FGN, Maron, L

“…The nature of the R group on the cyclopentadienyl ring in the former has a significant effect on the outcome of CO2 activation: when R = Me, the products are the bridging oxo complex {U[η8-C8H6(1,4-SiMe3)2](η5-CpMe5)}2(μ-O) and the bridging oxalate complex {U[η8-C8H6(1,4-SiMe3)2](η5-CpMe5)}2(μ-η2:η2-C2O4); for R = Et or iPr, bridging carbonate {U[η8-C8H6(1,4-SiMe3)2](η5-CpMe4R)}2(μ-η1:η2-CO3) and bridging oxalate complexes {U[η8-C8H6(1,4-SiMe3)2](η5-CpMe4R)}2(μ-η2:η2-C2O4) are formed in both cases; and when R = tBu the sole product is the bridging carbonate complex {U[η8-C8H6(1,4-SiMe3)2](η5-CpMe4tBu)}2(μ-η1:η2-CO3). …”

Distinct Circle of Willis anatomical configurations in healthy preterm born adults: a 3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography study by Greggio, J, Malamateniou, C, Baruteau, KP, Reyes-Aldasoro, CC, Huckstep, OJ, Francis, JM, Williamson, W, Leeson, P, Lewandowski, AJ, Lapidaire, W

“…This study aims to explore potential differences in the Circle of Willis (CoW), a key arterial ring that perfuses the brain, of healthy adults born preterm. …”

Design and Synthesis of Stimuli-Responsive Polymers with Programmable Cleavability by Zafar, Hadiqa

“…The fourth chapter thus provides detailed background on the current plastic waste outlook, vinyl polymers and their synthesis, radical ring-opening polymerization, and current approaches to cleavable comonomers and the end-of-life options they offer commodity polymers. …”
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