Materials cartography: A forward-looking perspective on materials representation and devising better maps by Torrisi, Steven B., Bazant, Martin Z., Cohen, Alexander E., Cho, Min Gee, Hummelshøj, Jens S., Hung, Linda, Kamat, Gaurav, Khajeh, Arash, Kolluru, Adeesh, Lei, Xiangyun, Ling, Handong, Montoya, Joseph H., Mueller, Tim, Palizhati, Aini, Paren, Benjamin A., Phan, Brandon, Pietryga, Jacob, Sandraz, Elodie, Schweigert, Daniel, Shao-Horn, Yang, Trewartha, Amalie, Zhu, Ruijie, Zhuang, Debbie, Sun, Shijing

“…We present several promising directions for future research: devising representations of varied experimental conditions and observations, the need to find ways to integrate machine learning into laboratory practices, and making multi-scale informatics toolkits to bridge the gaps between atoms, materials, and devices.…”
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Constraints on dark photon dark matter using data from LIGO’s and Virgo’s third observing run by Sudhir, Vivishek

“…The excess power method optimizes the Fourier transform coherence time as a function of frequency, to account for the expected signal width due to Doppler modulations. We do not find any evidence of dark photon dark matter with a mass between m A ∼ 10 − 14 – 10 − 11     eV / c 2 , which corresponds to frequencies between 10–2000 Hz, and therefore provide upper limits on the square of the minimum coupling of dark photons to baryons, i.e., U ( 1 ) B dark matter. …”
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#let’s-discuss: Analyzing Students’ Use of Emoji when Interacting with Course Readings by Blobstein, Ariel, Facciotti, Marc T., Igo, Michele, Karger, David, Ravi, Prerna, Sripathi, Kamali, Gal, Kobi

“…We found that instructors/TAs use the heat map as a tool for identifying textbook sections that students find difficult and/or interesting and plan to use it to help them design the online content for future classes. …”
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Red Alarm for Pre-trained Models: Universal Vulnerability to Neuron-level Backdoor Attacks by Zhang, Zhengyan, Xiao, Guangxuan, Li, Yongwei, Lv, Tian, Qi, Fanchao, Liu, Zhiyuan, Wang, Yasheng, Jiang, Xin, Sun, Maosong

“…Finally, we apply several defense methods to NeuBA and find that model pruning is a promising technique to resist NeuBA by omitting backdoored neurons.…”
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Fundamental time scales of bubble fragmentation in homogeneous isotropic turbulence by Gaylo, Declan B, Hendrickson, Kelli, Yue, Dick KP

“…From DNS, we measure 𝑠¯ and find that for large Weber numbers ( 𝑊𝑒>30 ), 𝐶𝜏≈9 . …”
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Mind the perception gap: The impact of bus rapid transit infrastructure on travelers’ perceptions of affective subjective well-being by Navarrete-Hernandez, Pablo, Christopher Zegras, P

“…We test this approach using an urban corridor approximately 2 km in length in Boston, exploring the impact of 65 different BRT infrastructure alternatives. We find that: (1) compared to regular bus services, a ‘standard BRT’ consisting of a painted bus lane and the addition of a cycle lane significantly enhances SWB; (2) an ‘SWB infrastructure’ option that replaces car parking with improvements for cyclists and pedestrians and adds street amenities further enhances SWB; and, (3) the BRT infrastructure elements most effective in enhancing affective SWB for users of all transport modes are the addition of green spaces, improvement of crosswalks, and provision of more space for pedestrians and cyclists. …”
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Learning design for short-duration e-textile workshops: outcomes on knowledge and skills by Ioannou, Andri, Miliou, Ourania, Georgiou, Yiannis, Timotheou, Stella, Barkhuus, Louise, Rode, Jennifer

“…Despite the promising findings by primarily long-term interventions structured around e-textiles, educational curriculum reform has been slow to materialize. …”
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Clinical Question-Answering over Distributed EHR Data by Jiang, Emily

“…We present a case study of three medical organizations, and find that the federation scheme results in no loss of quality against a centralized baseline. …”
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Parametric PAINTOVER: Generating Design Models via Image Encoders and Latent Trajectories by Tas, Demircan

“…We present samples from found latent trajectories matching to samples from ground truth parametric design models. We find that trajectories exist in latent spaces that approximate axes in parameter spaces. …”
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Understanding electrostatic interaction on strong cation-exchanger via co-ion valency effects by Essert, GM, de Souza, JP, Schwaminger, SP, Bazant, MZ, Berensmeier, S

“…While the SD model reduces the experimental effort to find salt-eluting conditions for the separation, knowledge transfer is restricted from one system to another. …”
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Racial Steering by Large Language Models: A Prospective Audit of GPT-4 on Housing Recommendations by Liu, Eric, So, Wonyoung, Hosoi, Peko, D'Ignazio, Catherine

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A model for cis-regulation of transcriptional condensates and gene expression by proximal lncRNAs by Natarajan, Pradeep, Shrinivas, Krishna, Chakraborty, Arup K

“…To study the consequences of this mechanism, we developed and studied a dynamical phase-field model. We find that proximal lncRNAs can promote condensate formation at the BL. …”
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Statistical Kinetics and Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Driven Systems: Stochastic Methods and Applications to Single-Molecule Biophysics by Piephoff, D. Evan

“…For a dynamically disordered biomolecular machine involving an observable process coupled to a hidden process, a recently derived time-based fluctuation theorem no longer applies to the observable first-passage time; however, using a stochastic thermodynamics approach to examine fluctuating trajectories, we find that its validity is restored in the absence of hidden flux through the initial state manifold. …”
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Artificial Intelligence and the US-China Balance of Power by Chang, Benjamin Angel

“…Under low to medium alert, the simulation finds this would enable successful US nuclear counterforce. …”
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AI-Augmented Predictions: LLM Assistants Improve Human Forecasting Accuracy by Schoenegger, Philipp, Park, Peter, Karger, Ezra, Trott, Sean, Tetlock, Philip

“…Exploratory analyses showed a pronounced outlier effect in one forecasting item, without which we find that the superforecasting assistant increased accuracy by 41%, compared with 29% for the noisy assistant. …”
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Graphical vs. Deep Generative Models: Measuring the Impact of Differentially Private Mechanisms and Budgets on Utility by Ganev, Georgi, Xu, Kai, De Cristofaro, Emiliano

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Induction of neuronal phenotypes from NG2+ glial progenitors by inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor in mouse spinal cord injury by Ju, Peijun, Zhang, Si, Yeap, Yeeshan, Feng, Zhiwei

“…The inhibition of EGFR signaling pathway under the gliogenic conditions could induce these cells to acquire neuronal phenotypes. Furthermore, we find that the Ras-ERK axis played a key role in neuronal differentiation of NG2+ glial progenitors upon EGFR inhibition. …”
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Electrical and optical properties of hybrid transparent electrodes that use metal grids and graphene films by Ho, Xinning, Lu, Haijing, Liu, Wenjun, Tey, Ju Nie, Cheng, Chek Kweng, Kok, Eugene, Wei, Jun

“…The outcome of our study provides unprecedented guidelines for future design of metal grids integrated in transparent conductors. We also find that the graphene film forms an effective barrier to retard the degradation of the copper grid when the hybrid transparent conductor is heated in air up to high temperatures for an extended period of time. …”
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Insight into proton transfer in phosphotungstic acid functionalized mesoporous silica-based proton exchange membrane fuel cells by Zhou, Yuhua, Yang, Jing, Su, Haibin, Zeng, Jie, Jiang, San Ping, Goddard, William A

“…When the adjacent HPWs are close (less than 17.0 Å apart), the calculated activation energy for intramolecular proton transfer within a HPW molecule is higher (29.1–18.8 kJ/mol) than the barrier for intermolecular proton transfer along the hydrogen bond. We find that the overall barrier for proton movement within the HPW-meso-silica membranes is determined by the intramolecular proton transfer pathway, which explains why the proton conductivity remains unchanged when the weight percentage of HPW on meso-silica is above 67 wt %. …”
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A sampling approach for proactive project scheduling under generalized time-dependent workability uncertainty by Song, Wen, Kang, Donghun, Zhang, Jie, Cao, Zhiguang, Xi, Hui

“…We propose a stochastic optimization model to find an optimal Partial-order Schedule (POS) that minimizes the expected makespan. …”
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