Persistent elevation of intrathecal pro-inflammatory cytokines leads to multiple sclerosis-like cortical demyelination and neurodegeneration by James, Rachel E., Schalks, Renee, Browne, Eleanor, Eleftheriadou, Ioanna, Munoz, Carmen Picon, Mazarakis, Nicholas D., Reynolds, Richard

“…Analysis of isolated meninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of post-mortem MS cases has shown increased gene and protein expression for the pro-inflammatory cytokines: tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon-γ (IFNγ). …”
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Sequence- and structure-specific probing of RNAs by short nucleobase-modified dsRNA-binding PNAs incorporating a fluorescent light-up uracil analog by Krishna, Manchugondanahalli Shivakumar, Toh, Desiree-Faye Kaixin, Meng, Zhenyu, Ong, Alan Ann Lerk, Wang, Zhenzhang, Lu, Yunpeng, Xia, Kelin, Prabakaran, Mookkan, Chen, Gang

“…The incorporation of btU into dbPNAs does not affect the binding affinity toward dsRNAs significantly, in most cases, as evidenced by our nondenaturing gel shift assay data. …”
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Characteristics and injury patterns of road traffic injuries in urban and rural Uganda—a retrospective medical record review study in two hospitals by Temizel, Selin, Wunderlich, Robert, Leifels, Mats

“…Here, we used a cross-sectional study conducted by a retrospective medical record review from trauma cases admitted in 2016 to hospitals in rural and urban areas in Uganda. …”
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Fast AES-based universal hash functions and MACs: featuring LeMac and Macs by Bariant, Augustin, Baudrin, Jules, Leurent, Gaëtan, Pernot, Clara, Perrin, Léo, Peyrin, Thomas

“…In particular, Universal Hash Functions (UHF) are crucial primitives used as core components in many popular modes of operation for various use-cases, such as Message Authentication Codes (MACs), authenticated encryption, wide block ciphers, etc. …”
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A network-based approach to interpreting pore blockage and cake filtration during membrane fouling by Han, Qi, Li, Weiyi, Trinh, Thien An, Liu, Xin, Chew, Jia Wei

“…Although limited fouling cases were examined in the current study, it is expected that the network model developed here can be readily applied to study more complex phenomena involved in a membrane filtration process (e.g., shear-induced diffusion), and the associated insights would be significantly enhanced when coupled with more advanced fouling characterization techniques (e.g., Optical Coherence Tomography).…”
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Synthesis, antimalarial activity, and molecular dynamic approaches of salophen metal complexes by Ali, Amatul Hamizah, Mukhtar, Nur Hafizah, Ling, Ng Yee, Norazmi, Nur Aqilah Zahirah, Agustar, Hani Kartini, Ling, Lau Yee, Abd Karim, Nurul Huda, Yusoff, Siti Fairus Mohd, Borzehandani, Mostafa Yousefzadeh, Hassan, Nurul Izzaty

“…In conclusion, this study found that the salophen metal complex has a high potential to be developed as an antimalarial agent and can be a template structure for forming antimalarial drugs to fight resistance cases.…”
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Aerodynamic Effects of High-Speed Train Positions During Tunnel Exit Under Crosswind Conditions Using Computational Fluid Dynamics by Rajendran, S, Ishak, I. A, Arafat, M, Mohammad, A. F, Salleh, Z. M, Samiran, N. A, Ja’a, M. N. M, Sulaiman, S

“…The higher crosswind angles including ψ = 45° and ψ = 60° cases produced the worse results of aerodynamic load coefficients compared to the lower crosswind angles of ψ = 15° and ψ = 30°. …”
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Plan Implementation Challenges in a Shrinking City: A Conformance Evaluation of Youngstown’s (OH) Comprehensive Plan With a Subsequent Zoning Code by Ryan, Brent D., Gao, Shuqi

“…These findings may apply to all cases where comprehensive plans require translation into zoning regulations for implementation. …”
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Towards Health Centered Drug Policy: An Analysis of Past and Developing Drug Policy by Lewis, Benjamin B.

“…Overall, these findings contradict the popular claim that marijuana decriminalization leads to increased use of more dangerous drugs (and thus overdose deaths) in most cases – and more generally questions the characterization of marijuana as a gateway drug.…”
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Envisioning Water: Sustainability and Future-Making in Dubai and Los Angeles by Christidi, Nadia

“…Finally, alongside the municipal projects I focus on, I also look at visions of the future by artists, designers, and architects to get at how the arts might provide alternatives that in some cases could help get beyond the stickiness of sustainability as it is currently being imagined.…”
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On-chain analysis and cryptocurrency price forecasting using on-chain metrics by Sharma, Akshat

“…As blockchain technology continues to evolve, it is likely that the use cases for cryptocurrencies will expand, and the demand for these digital assets will continue to grow. …”
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Large scale localization and mapping for deployment of robotic wheelchair in a building by Lim, Jit Ern

“…Finally, the deployment of robotic wheelchair in a large environment is made more feasible due to the reduced cost using RTAB-Map with 3D LiDAR and two RGB-D cameras for mapping and RTAB-Map with 2D LiDAR and one RGB-D camera for localization with fused wheel encoder and IMU odometry for both cases.…”
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Controlling selectivity in the reductive activation of CO2 by mixed sandwich uranium(iii) complexes by Tsoureas, N, Castro, L, Kilpatrick, A, Cloke, FGN, Maron, L

“…The nature of the R group on the cyclopentadienyl ring in the former has a significant effect on the outcome of CO2 activation: when R = Me, the products are the bridging oxo complex {U[η8-C8H6(1,4-SiMe3)2](η5-CpMe5)}2(μ-O) and the bridging oxalate complex {U[η8-C8H6(1,4-SiMe3)2](η5-CpMe5)}2(μ-η2:η2-C2O4); for R = Et or iPr, bridging carbonate {U[η8-C8H6(1,4-SiMe3)2](η5-CpMe4R)}2(μ-η1:η2-CO3) and bridging oxalate complexes {U[η8-C8H6(1,4-SiMe3)2](η5-CpMe4R)}2(μ-η2:η2-C2O4) are formed in both cases; and when R = tBu the sole product is the bridging carbonate complex {U[η8-C8H6(1,4-SiMe3)2](η5-CpMe4tBu)}2(μ-η1:η2-CO3). …”

Evaluation of CareStart™ malaria HRP2/pLDH (Pf/PAN) combo rapid diagnostic test for diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infection in malaria co-endemic areas in association with par... by Christian, M, Ekawati, LL, Pratama, AR, Cahyaningati, S, Bere, HK, Rustam, M, Kalbuadi, I, Andini, J, Yuliana, J, Fadilah, I, Ley, B, Thriemer, K, Price, RN, Sutanto, I, Baird, JK

“…Among all malaria-positive participants, Plasmodium falciparum infections accounted for 149 (94.3%) cases. The sensitivity and specificity of HRP2 band were 97.3% (95% CI 93.3–99.2) and 97.6% (95% CI 94.0–99.4), respectively, while that of pLDH band were 87.3% (95% CI 81.1–92.0) and 100% (95% CI 97.7–100). …”

Evaluation of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admission related to common infections: Risk prediction models to tackle antimicrobial resistance in primary care by Fahmi, A, Palin, V, Zhong, X, Yang, Y, Watts, S, Ashcroft, DM, Goldacre, B, MacKenna, B, Fisher, L, Massey, J, Mehrkar, A, Bacon, S, the OpenSAFELY Collaborative, Hand, K, van Staa, TP

“…Of them, 80,395 (2.05%) cases were admitted to the hospital during follow-up. …”

Trajectories of interferon-gamma release assay results over two years in independent cohorts from China, South Africa, Tanzania, and the United States by Chen, C, Xue, H, Horsburgh, CR, Amour, M, Hatherill, M, Tameris, M, von Reyn, CF, Rees, C, Shen, Y, McShane, H, García-Basteiro, AL, Liu, D, Wang, Y, Nathavitharana, RR, Graviss, EA, Shao, Y, Liu, Q, Lu, W, Zhu, L, Martinez, L

“…</p> <br> <p><strong>Research Question:</strong> When accounting for ‘uncertainty zones’ through stringent cutoffs, what are the trajectories of interferon-gamma release assays in cases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection?</p> <br> <p><strong>Study Design and Methods:</strong> We followed five cohorts from South Africa, China, Tanzania, and the United States tested with an IGRA test three or more times for stringent conversion and reversion. …”

IGF-1R expression is associated with HPV-negative status and adverse survival in head and neck squamous cell cancer by Dale, OT, Aleksic, T, Shah, KA, Han, C, Mehanna, H, Rapozo, DCM, Sheard, JDH, Goodyear, P, Upile, NS, Robinson, M, Jones, TM, Winter, S, Macaulay, VM

“…IGF-1R was detected in the cell membrane of 36% and cytoplasm of 92% of HNSCCs; in 64 cases with matched normal tonsillar epithelium, IGF-1R was overexpressed in the HNSCCs (P &lt; 0.001). …”

Deep learning methods for genome-based prediction of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Wang, C

“…Recent years have seen a concerning rise in drug-resistant tuberculosis cases, calling for the development of new approaches for drug susceptibility testing. …”

Multicenter double-blind study evaluating AI-driven detection of proximal deep vein thrombosis by Curry, N, Allen, E, Silsby, L, Goodacre, S, Deane, C, Deary, A, Foster, A, Griffiths, J, Sharma, R, Thomas, H, Mischewitz, S, Al-Noor, F

“…The costs for diagnosing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the UK are £175 million, annually. In at least 80% of cases, DVT is excluded. As health care provision becomes increasingly stretched, resource utilization needs to be optimized. …”

Associations between snoring, body mass index and coronary artery diseases: observational and mendelian randomization study in Asia by Zhu, Y, Lan, Y, Lv, J, Sun, D, Pei, P, Yang, L, Millwood, IY, Walters, RG, Chen, Y, Du, H, Wang, J, Yang, X, Stevens, R, Chen, J, Chen, Z, Li, L, Yu, C

“…We also leveraged genome-wide association (GWAS) summary statistics of snoring and BMI from CKB (n = 100,626, 47,208 snorers) and CAD outcomes from Biobank of Japan (BBJ, 5891–25,892 cases, 142,336–168,186 controls). Single-variable and multivariable two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed. …”