Flexible batch electrodialysis for low-cost solar-powered brackish water desalination by He, Wei, Le Henaff, Anne-Claire, Amrose, Susan, Buonassisi, Tonio, Peters, Ian Marius, Winter, Amos G

“…<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Globally, 1.6 billion people in rural regions face water scarcity. Expanding freshwater access via brackish groundwater desalination can provide additional resources to address this challenge. …”
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Nuptiality in Soviet and post-Soviet Central Asia by Dommaraju, Premchand, Agadjanian, Victor

“…Within these countries marriage rates showed significant variation by educational achievement, and a much smaller variation by rural-urban residence. In Kazakhstan, ethnic differences in marriage age—Russians marrying earlier than the native Kazakhs—began to narrow. …”
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From theoretical models to practical deployment: A perspective and case study of opportunities and challenges in AI-driven cardiac auscultation research for low-income settings by Krones, F, Walker, B

“…Moreover, the literature review discusses how emerging human-centred deployment research is a promising avenue for overcoming deployment barriers. (2) A predictive AI screening model is developed and tested in a case study on heart murmur detection in rural Brazil. Our binary Bayesian ResNet model leverages overlapping log mel spectrograms of patient heart sound recordings and integrates demographic data and signal features via XGBoost to optimise performance. …”

Which context matters for capturing energy needs? A multi-level analysis by Puranasamriddhi, A, Trotter, PA, Parikh, P, Batidzirai, B, Brophy, A

“…Here, ordinal logistic regression models are applied to novel survey data (N=1,016) on household and small business energy needs in rural Uganda and Zambia to analyse the extent to which current and aspirational energy consumption differ at the national, regional, district, and village levels. …”

Machine learning approaches reveal highly heterogeneous air quality co-benefits of the energy transition by Zhang, Da, Wang, Qingyi, Song, Shaojie, Chen, Simiao, Li, Mingwei, Shen, Lu, Zheng, Siqi, Cai, Bofeng, Wang, Shenhao, Zheng, Haotian

“…Applications of the framework with Chinese data reveal highly heterogeneous health benefits of avoiding premature mortality by reducing fossil fuel use in different sectors and regions in China with a mean of $19/tCO2 and a standard deviation of $38/tCO2. Reducing rural and residential coal use offers the highest co-benefits with a mean of $151/tCO2. …”
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Contesting Design: Ancestral Technology as Portal to Post-Design(s) by Reynolds-Cuéllar, Pedro

“…Using the findings and insights from this study, I propose and implement two largely immersive university courses on technology design in close collaboration with rural collectives in Colombia. In contributing to methodological shifts within participatory design, I foreground connections at its intersection of Indigenous research methods. …”
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Online map-matching based on Hidden Markov model for real-time traffic sensing applications by Mitrovic, N., Asif, M. T., Oran, A., Jaillet, P., Goh, Chong Yang, Dauwels, Justin

“…We evaluated the accuracy of our algorithm using field test data collected on bus routes covering urban and rural areas. Furthermore, we also investigated the relationships between accuracy and output delays in processing live input streams. …”
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The effects of online social interactions on life satisfaction of older Chinese adults: new insights based on a longitudinal approach by Zhou, Dong, Xu, Yi, Ai, Pengya

“…We also find that OSIs narrow the social inequality in life satisfaction across groups from rural-urban areas and groups with different social statuses. …”
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Hydrological & hydrodynamic modelling of the Baliem River in Highland Papua, Indonesia by Wee, Khai Zher

“…Thereafter, we generated simulated river discharges at these pour points with meteorological data in the Génie Rural à 4 paramètres Journalier (GR4J) rainfall-runoff hydrological model. …”
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Sensitivity analysis on river discharge from uncertainties in basin and rainfall parameters by Toh, Amos Yu Heng

“…The parameters to be varied included the roughness index and the landuse percentage (rural grasslands vs urban concrete areas). The rainfall input used is pre-generated by 23 years of annual rainfall and converted to the Log Pearson Type 3 distribution. …”
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Parameter optimization methods for calibrating tank model and neural network for rainfall-runoff modelling by Kuok, King Kuok

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Wages, family background, on-campus performance and gender: an investigation of Chinese graduates’ first job salaries by Liu, S

“…</p> <p>Compared with the widely observed wage disparities among less educated workers caused by gender and Hukou status, this thesis provides evidence that higher education helps reduce the gender wage gap and rural-urban disparity in China. Analyses in the thesis are consistent with ‘state as equalizer’ and ‘market as equalizer’ theories. …”

West African labour and the development of mechanised mining in southwest Ghana, c.1870s to 1910 by Mark-Thiesen, C

“…Finally, part three takes a comparative look at headship and recruitment through rural chiefs, which began in 1906; two successive forms of non-free wage labour mobilisation. …”

Local multipliers in tradables and non-tradables by van Dijk, J

“…</p> <p>To better understand how these local multipliers work, I develop an efficiency wage model with rural-urban migration for the non-tradable sector. …”

Methodology research in clinical studies for Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) of the skin: Addressing design, conduct and relevance for context and target population by Erber, A

“…</p> <p>The first is a study evaluating a diagnostic test for BU at a point-of-care (PoC) setting in rural Ghana, complemented by interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) with relevant stakeholders. …”

Identifying the sources of intestinal colonization with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in healthy infants in the community by Amin, MB, Hoque, KI, Roy, S, Saha, SR, Islam, MR, Julian, TR, Islam, MA

“…This study aimed to identify the sources of ESBL-Ec colonization in children &lt; 1 year old through comparative analysis of <em>E. coli</em> isolates from child stool, child’s mother stool, and point-of-use drinking water from 46 rural households in Bangladesh. The pairwise similarity in antibiotic susceptibility of <em>E. coli</em> from all three sources was evaluated, followed by phylogenetic clustering using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction and whole-genome sequence analysis of the isolates. …”

GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis model for utility water demand: the case of Lodwar Municipality, Turkana County, Kenya by Wanguba, B, Siriba, DN, Okumu, BO

“…This method offers an alternative hybrid technique for mapping potential utility water demand in rural municipalities with inadequate data.…”

Facilitators and barriers affecting the implementation of e-health for chronic respiratory diseases in remote settings: a qualitative evidence synthesis by Salmi, EM, Basile, FW, Khan, FA, Watt, L, Song, R, Bijker, EM

“…Conclusions: Several factors affecting the implementation of e-health in remote and rural locations for patients with chronic respiratory disease were identified. …”

Evaluating urban microclimate temperature using Envi-Met Simulation Model: a case study conducted in two city areas, Pudu and Wangsa Maju by Anis Batrisyia Asmadi, Alamah Misni, Mohamed Brahimi

“…Urban areas usually experience the urban heat island effect, where the area is significantly warmer than surrounding rural areas. This is due to the urban character and microclimate change. …”
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Unveiling the impacts of climate change and human activities on land-use evolution in ecologically fragile urbanizing areas: a case study of China's Central Plains Urban Agglomerat... by Jiang, Zhimeng, Li, Yan, Wu, Hao, Mohamed Shariff, Abdul Rashid, Zhou, Han, Fan, Kaixuan

“…Our results reveal that environmental changes significantly influence the spatiotemporal evolution of land use, accelerating rural-to-urban conversions in ecologically vulnerable regions, as validated by a CA-Markov model Kappa coefficient of 0.8378. …”
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