Statistical Kinetics and Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Driven Systems: Stochastic Methods and Applications to Single-Molecule Biophysics by Piephoff, D. Evan

“…For a dynamically disordered biomolecular machine involving an observable process coupled to a hidden process, a recently derived time-based fluctuation theorem no longer applies to the observable first-passage time; however, using a stochastic thermodynamics approach to examine fluctuating trajectories, we find that its validity is restored in the absence of hidden flux through the initial state manifold. …”
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Optimizing resource allocation in large communications satellite constellations by Pachler de la Osa, Nils

“…The methods leverage optimization to find an optimized set of decisions that maximize capacity and quality of service and minimize necessary ground infrastructure, all while avoiding interference. …”
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Artificial Intelligence and the US-China Balance of Power by Chang, Benjamin Angel

“…Under low to medium alert, the simulation finds this would enable successful US nuclear counterforce. …”
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AI-Augmented Predictions: LLM Assistants Improve Human Forecasting Accuracy by Schoenegger, Philipp, Park, Peter, Karger, Ezra, Trott, Sean, Tetlock, Philip

“…Exploratory analyses showed a pronounced outlier effect in one forecasting item, without which we find that the superforecasting assistant increased accuracy by 41%, compared with 29% for the noisy assistant. …”
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Graphical vs. Deep Generative Models: Measuring the Impact of Differentially Private Mechanisms and Budgets on Utility by Ganev, Georgi, Xu, Kai, De Cristofaro, Emiliano

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Induction of neuronal phenotypes from NG2+ glial progenitors by inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor in mouse spinal cord injury by Ju, Peijun, Zhang, Si, Yeap, Yeeshan, Feng, Zhiwei

“…The inhibition of EGFR signaling pathway under the gliogenic conditions could induce these cells to acquire neuronal phenotypes. Furthermore, we find that the Ras-ERK axis played a key role in neuronal differentiation of NG2+ glial progenitors upon EGFR inhibition. …”
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TPPP acts downstream of RhoA-ROCK-LIMK2 to regulate astral microtubule organization and spindle orientation by Heng, Yi-Wen., Lim, Hong-Hwa., Mina, Theresia., Utomo, Prayudi., Zhong, Shaoping., Lim, Chwee-Teck., Koh, Cheng-Gee

“…Surprisingly, LIMK1 and cofilin are not involved downstream of RhoA and ROCK in the regulation of astral microtubule organization. Instead, we find that LIMK2 acts through TPPP in the regulation of astral microtubule organization, whereas both LIMK1 and LIMK2 affect centrosome focusing. …”
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Electrical and optical properties of hybrid transparent electrodes that use metal grids and graphene films by Ho, Xinning, Lu, Haijing, Liu, Wenjun, Tey, Ju Nie, Cheng, Chek Kweng, Kok, Eugene, Wei, Jun

“…The outcome of our study provides unprecedented guidelines for future design of metal grids integrated in transparent conductors. We also find that the graphene film forms an effective barrier to retard the degradation of the copper grid when the hybrid transparent conductor is heated in air up to high temperatures for an extended period of time. …”
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Insight into proton transfer in phosphotungstic acid functionalized mesoporous silica-based proton exchange membrane fuel cells by Zhou, Yuhua, Yang, Jing, Su, Haibin, Zeng, Jie, Jiang, San Ping, Goddard, William A

“…When the adjacent HPWs are close (less than 17.0 Å apart), the calculated activation energy for intramolecular proton transfer within a HPW molecule is higher (29.1–18.8 kJ/mol) than the barrier for intermolecular proton transfer along the hydrogen bond. We find that the overall barrier for proton movement within the HPW-meso-silica membranes is determined by the intramolecular proton transfer pathway, which explains why the proton conductivity remains unchanged when the weight percentage of HPW on meso-silica is above 67 wt %. …”
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A sampling approach for proactive project scheduling under generalized time-dependent workability uncertainty by Song, Wen, Kang, Donghun, Zhang, Jie, Cao, Zhiguang, Xi, Hui

“…We propose a stochastic optimization model to find an optimal Partial-order Schedule (POS) that minimizes the expected makespan. …”
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Knapsack-based reverse influence maximization for target marketing in social networks by Talukder, Ashis, Tran, Nguyen H., Niyato, Dusit, Hong, Choong Seon, Mohammad Golam Rabiul Alam

“…However, seed users might also be activated by some other influential users, and thus, the reverse influence maximization (RIM) models have been proposed to find the seeding cost of target marketing. However, the existing RIM models are incapable of resolving the challenging issues and providing better seeding cost simultaneously. …”
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Ultra-high Q even eigenmode resonance in terahertz metamaterials by Al-Naib, Ibraheem, Yang, Yuping, Dignam, Marc M., Zhang, Weili, Singh, Ranjan

“…The high Q even eigenmode could find applications in designing label free bio-sensors and for studying the enhanced light matter interaction effects.…”
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Risk assessment for integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to aerodromes by Radhakrishnan Keerthana

“…However, it is difficult to find locations or applications without involving aircrafts and people. …”
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Highly stretchable, elastic, and ionic conductive hydrogel for artificial soft electronics by Zhou, Yang, Wan, Changjin, Yang, Yongsheng, Yang, Hui, Wang, Shancheng, Dai, Zhendong, Ji, Keju, Jiang, Hui, Chen, Xiaodong, Long, Yi

“…However, it is difficult to find a material with balanced electronic and mechanical performance. …”
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Biomechanical study on arthroscopic biceps tenodesis fixation techniques by Lim, Gideon Boon Hao

“…Thus, it is important to find the best repair technique among the two different techniques through biomechanical experiments. …”
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Small sample sizes reduce the replicability of task-based fMRI studies by Turner, Benjamin O., Paul, Erick J., Miller, Michael B., Barbey, Aron K.

“…Using large independent samples across eleven tasks, we demonstrate the impact of sample size on replicability, assessed at different levels of analysis relevant to fMRI researchers. We find that the degree of replicability for typical sample sizes is modest and that sample sizes much larger than typical (e.g., N = 100) produce results that fall well short of perfectly replicable. …”
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An optimal scheduling scheme for electric vehicles in smarts grids by Teh, Xiu Yi

“…Therefore, in this project, two techniques of optimization will be performed to find the optimal electric vehicle charging scheduling. …”
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Design of RF front-end circuit blocks for low-power applications by Lim, Kok Meng

“…These signals tend to find their way to other frequency sensitive circuits such as oscillators, through certain feedback paths or substrate coupling. …”
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Carbon storage capacity of tropical peatlands in natural and artificial drainage networks by Cobb, Alexander R., Dommain, René, Tan, Fangyi, Heng, Naomi Hwee En, Harvey, Charles F.

“…We explored the maximum amount of carbon that can accumulate as water-saturated peat in natural and artificial drainage networks of northwest and southern Borneo. We find that the maximum volume of peat accumulation in a channel-bounded parcel is proportional to the square of the parcel area times a scale-independent factor describing the shape of the parcel boundary. …”
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Self-healing characterizations of polyurea/polyurethane coating & its formulation optimization by Sim, Celine (Shen Silin)

“…With high self-healing efficiency, self-healing polyurea could be the ultimate choice of protective coating. This report aims to find the optimum formulation for fabrication of polyurea with high self-healing efficiency. …”
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