IL-5 antagonism reverses priming and activation of eosinophils in severe eosinophilic asthma by Luo, J, Chen, W, Liu, W, Jiang, S, Ye, Y, Shrimanker, R, Hynes, G, Klenerman, P, Pavord, ID, Xue, L

“…It also enhances the pro-fibrotic roles of eosinophils in airway remodeling via transforming growth factor-β pathway. These findings provide a mechanistic understanding of eosinophil priming in severe eosinophilic asthma and the therapeutic effect of anti-IL-5 approaches in the disease.…”

Probabilistic forecasting of daily COVID-19 admissions using machine learning by Rostami-Tabar, B, Arora, S, Rendon-Sanchez, JF, Goltsos, TE

“…We provide evidence that QRF outperforms univariate time series methods and other more sophisticated benchmarks. Our findings also show that lagged admissions, total positive cases, daily tests performed, and Google grocery and Apple driving are the most salient predictors. …”

Microstructural evolution of electrospun microfibers for biomedical applications by Chandler, A

“…At higher strains, CFC unfold and recrystallize into thermodynamically more stable chain-extended crystals (CEC) aligned to the stretch axis. These findings suggest potential mechanical and degradative implications for biomedical applications, warranting further investigation.…”

From social media to artificial intelligence: improving research on digital harms in youth by Mansfield, KL, Ghai, S, Hakman, T, Ballou, N, Vuorre, M, Przybylski, AK

“…We present an approach grounded in interpreting findings through a coherent and collaborative evidence-based framework in a measured, incremental, and informative way.…”

Experimental investigation and crystal plasticity modelling of dynamic recrystallisation in dual-phase high entropy alloy during hot deformation by Zhou, Z, Huo, Y, Wang, Z, Demir, E, Jiang, A, Yan, Z, He, T

“…The initiation of DRX is highly temperature-sensitive, and the distinct mechanisms of the FCC and BCC phases jointly influence grain refinement and texture evolution. These findings provide theoretical support for the thermal processing of HEAs and for understanding their internal changes.…”

DSIF factor Spt5 coordinates transcription, maturation and exoribonucleolysis of RNA polymerase II transcripts by Kuś, K, Carrique, L, Kecman, T, Fournier, M, Hassanein, SS, Aydin, E, Kilchert, C, Grimes, JM, Vasiljeva, L

“…Spt5 is also a key factor that attenuates the expression of non-coding transcripts, coordinates pre-mRNA splicing and 3’-end processing. Our findings indicate that engagement with the transcribing Pol II is an essential regulatory step modulating the activity of RNA enzymes such as Xrn2, thus advancing our understanding of how RNA maturation is controlled during transcription.…”

Subject realisation in Greek preschool learners of English by Faitaki, F, Murphy, VA

“…Both groups produced significantly more null and fewer overt subjects in English than an English monolingual control group, but the same number of null and overt subjects in Greek as a Greek monolingual control group. This finding suggests that the preschoolers, who start learning English at 3;0, experience crosslinguistic transfer from Greek, their dominant language, to English – thus highlighting the role that dominance plays in determining the direction of crosslinguistic transfer among successive bilingual children.…”

E-commerce regulation and trader compliance: a comparative and empirical inquiry by Pflücke, F

“…The ambition of the thesis is to define and measure the levels of compliance and to test four hypotheses: (H1) traders do not comply in full with their legal obligations; (H2) large traders are more likely to be compliant compared to SMEs; (H3) traders that are older are more likely to be compliant compared to companies that were incorporated more recently; (H4) traders that base their terms and conditions on pre-drafted standard contract terms are more likely to be in compliance with the selected legal obligations. Based upon the findings, the thesis offers targeted and actionable policy recommendations, in an attempt to promote an evidence based approach to regulating consumer contracts.…”

Jurassic fossil juvenile reveals prolonged life history in early mammals by Panciroli, E, Benson, RBJ, Fernandez, V, Fraser, NC, Humpage, M, Luo, Z-X, Newham, E, Walsh, S

“…When analysed against a dataset of life history parameters for extant mammals4, the relative sequence of adult tooth eruption was already established in Krusatodon, and within the range observed in extant mammals, but this development was prolonged; taking place during a longer period as part of a significantly longer maximum lifespan than extant mammals of comparable adult body mass (≤156 grams). Our findings suggest early-diverging mammaliaforms did not experience the same life histories as extant small-bodied mammals, and the fundamental shift to faster growth over a shorter lifespan may not have taken place in mammaliaforms until during or after the Middle Jurassic.…”

RE teachers’ ways of balancing children’s existential concerns and the curriculum: mirrored through established RE approaches by Osbeck, C, Lilja, A, Fancourt, N

“…In the analysis of the interview transcripts of the eleven middle-school teachers focussing on what the teachers express as important goals for RE, the findings were placed on a continuum between a focus on the child’s experiences and on the curriculum. …”

Natural variations in grain length 10 (GL10) regulate rice grain size by Zhan, P, Ma, S, Xiao, Z, Li, F, Wei, X, Lin, S, Wang, X, Ji, Z, Fu, Y, Pan, J, Zhou, M, Liu, Y, Chang, Z, Li, L, Bu, S, Liu, Z, Zhu, H, Liu, G, Zhang, G, Wang, S

“…Analysis of GL10 haplotypes shows obvious divergence between the japonica and indica lineages. Our findings reveal an allelic variation of GL10 that may explain differences in grain length among modern cultivars and could be used to breed rice varieties with optimized grain shape.…”

Introduction to the Special Issue: ‘The public good of higher education: A comparative study’ by Brewis, E, Marginson, S

“…It concludes with a summary of the research outcomes across the eight countries, including similarities and differences, and a generic transpositional analysis that integrates the separate findings into a single overall picture of the contribution of higher education to the public good in the eight countries.…”

Temperatures, conflict and forced migration in West Asia and North Africa by Abdel Ghany, J

“…This study examines whether extreme temperatures influence bilateral forced migration between countries within West Asia and North Africa through their potential to increase armed conflict. The findings suggest that extreme temperatures in two consecutive years, defined as the upper 10% of the country-specific annual mean temperature distribution, cumulatively increase the probability of armed conflict by 42.5% in the following year ( p = 0.07). …”

Antigen–antibody complex density and antibody-induced HLA protein unfolding influence Fc-mediated antibody effector function by Murali, TM, Gu, Y, Minhat, RA, Yap, J, Wood, KJ, Wang, C, Gascoigne, NRJ, Anantharaman, V, MacAry, PA

“…In this study, we employ hydrogen–deuterium exchange–mass spectrometry (HDX–MS), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and advanced biochemical and biophysical methodologies to thoroughly characterize a panel of human monoclonal alloantibodies and define the influence of Fc-region biology, antibody binding kinetics, target antigen density, and structural characteristics on their ability to potentiate the forms of immune effector mechanisms that are strongly implicated in transplant rejection. Our findings have significant implications for our understanding of the key biological determinants that underlie the pathogenicity or lack thereof of human alloantibodies.…”

Long-term mindfulness meditation increases occurrence of sensory and attention brain states by Panitz, DY, Mendelsohn, A, Cabral, J, Berkovich-Ohana, A

“…Conversely, a brain state involving frontal areas associated with higher cognitive functions was detected less frequently in experienced meditators. These findings suggest that, by shifting attention toward enhanced sensory and embodied processing, MM effectively modulates the expression of functional network states at rest. …”

Immunotherapy in autoimmune encephalitis by Trewin, BP, Freeman, I, Ramanathan, S, Irani, SR

“…In this review of a rapidly emerging field, we evaluate recent studies on larger cohorts, registries, and meta-analyses to highlight existing evidence for contemporary therapeutic approaches in AE. <p><strong> Recent findings </strong></p> We highlight acute and long-term treatments used in specific AE syndromes, exemplify how understanding disease pathogenesis can inform precision therapy and outline challenges of defining disability outcomes in AE. …”

Information gathering: dissociable effects of autistic and alexithymic traits in youths aged 6–25 years by Lee, KS, Long, EL, Catmur, C, Hauser, TU, Bird, G

“…Future validation in youths diagnosed with autism is warranted to test the generalizability of the findings.…”

Energy transfer in the spatial evolution of double-wave-group focusing by Zhou, B, Ding, K, Xiao, Y, Wang, L, Tang, T

“…Fluids <strong>35</strong>(3), 037118 (2023)], the energy transfer in the spatial evolution of double-wave-group focusing is highlighted based on a fully nonlinear numerical wave tank with the high-order spectral method. The findings reveal that a sea state with a narrower intermodal distance or an uneven distribution of the bimodal spectrum tends to induce larger waves. …”

"Workhorses": exploring how internal medicine residents learn efficiency by Ting, J

“…Data were analyzed using inductive reflexive thematic analysis.</p> <p><strong>Findings:</strong> Nine residents participated. Efficiency was a multifaceted skill involving a combination of clinical knowledge, mental organization, social skills, and an unwavering focus on maximizing patient safety and care. …”

Unpacking the politics of Nature-based Solutions governance: making space for transformative change by Hafferty, C, Tomude, E, Hirons, M, Wagner, A, McDermott, C

“…Drawing from interviews and a survey with NbS practitioners and policy makers in the UK, we critically unpack the interplay between techno-scientific and market-oriented approaches, risk and uncertainty, and participatory governance processes in shaping transformative NbS. Our findings demonstrate that, despite numerous efforts to rethink and reframe NbS, there remains a need to make space for different conceptualisations, practices, and alternative approaches to transformation. …”