Timbuktu civilization and its significance in Islamic history by Shuriye, Abdi Omar, Sh. Ibrahim, Dauda

“…The significant of this paper is to reveal the fact that Africa has a long Islamic civilization. The paper provides evidences from reliable sources of the symbolic representation of the impact and influence of the early schools and universities between 11th and 15th century that existed in West Africa. …”
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The Qur’an as a main source of scientific knowledge by Ashimi, Tijani Ahmad

“…While some worldviews highly depend on human experience to have solution for scientific knowledge, and while some religious traditions only rely on scientific method(observation, experiment, skepticism, hypothesis and theory)to obtain the knowledge of natural phenomenon, the scripture of Islam (Qur’an) which is also a book of knowledge and science seems to have already proven these scientific fact for long centuries. Thus, this humble paper by adopting textual approach will examine the scientific knowledge vis-à-vis in the Qur’an, with particular reference to embryology and astronomy.…”
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Investigation of three dimensional empirical indoor path loss models for femtocell networks by Zyoud, Al-Hareth, Chebil, Jalel, Habaebi, Mohamed Hadi, Islam, Md Rafiqul, Lwas, A K

“…Most of the available models are for long range communication like macro and micro cellular networks. …”
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Dynamics of Growth, Poverty, and Inequality in Pakistan by Ali, S. S., Tahir, Sayyid

“… (3) Unlike most other studies that combine time series and cross section data, it makes an analysis of the relationship between poverty and growth, between inequality and growth, and interaction between these three variables in the context of a single developing country. (4) It provides long-run elasticities of poverty with respect to growth and inequality which are useful for policy purposes. …”
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Negative media effects and Islamic remedies by Ishak, Mohd. Shuhaimi

“…The effects of media are many and diverse, which can either be short or long term depending on the news and information. …”
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Zakat In Malaysian rural development: issues and potentials by Mahamod, Lukman Hakim, Jaafar, Samsuddin, A. Rahman, Muhammad Ali

“…Zakat is a different system based on existing funding to provide sustenance and non-sustenance to the poorest, who are eligible to receive zakat as long as they are classified as faqir or miskin. …”
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Reproductive medical technology: legal implications for "third gender" from Western and Islamic perspectives by Haneef, Sayed Sikandar Shah

“…On positive side, it goes a long way in saving children born with abnormal sexual reproductive system from many legal interdictions which they experienced during pre-sex corrective surgery. …”
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Balance of payments constrained growth model: an examination of Thirlwall's Hypothesis using McCombie's Individual Country Method by Mat Ghani, Gairuzazmi

“…The balance of payments constrained growth (BOP) model is tested using the McCombie's cross-country and individual country test for 90 developed and developing countries for the period 1980 to 2000, and the McCombie's test is extended using export elasticity. If in the long run, the growth of exports is equal to the growth of imports and the affect of prices are not statistically significant, the estimated import elasticity from time series regression should not be statistically different from the BOP implied import elasticity, this also implied that the estimated export elasticity, also should not be statistically different from the BOP implied export elasticity. …”
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A juristic study on investment of awqaf: from classical to contemporary modes by Osmani, Noor Mohammad, Rahman, Md. Habibur

“…The investment modes to be analyzed in the paper are, for example, hikr (long lease with large advance lump sum), lease with dual payment, kadik (tenant's improvements to rental property), mursad (construction for rent swap with a waqf), sharecropping, partnership, diminishing partnership, manufacturing arrangement, lease ended with ownership as well as investment in purchasing permissible financial papers and securities. …”
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Shari’ah risk management framework for Islamic financial institutions by Hassan, Rusni

“…In order to mitigate these additional risks, IFIs are urged to establish a comprehensive Shari’ah risks management tool that can help them to monitor their banking, financing and investment activities in conformity with Shari’ah principles and hence enhance their sustainability in the long run. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to contribute to the discussion on the development of the Shari’ah risk management framework for IFIs. …”
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Language planning and policy in Nigeria: the prospects of arabic language by Salisu, Alfa Muhammed, Dollah, Nafi@Hanafi

“…Several efforts are been made to influence the function of Arabic language in Nigeria owing to its long historical antecedents in the country but successive governments have been coming up with different language policies that contribute to the development and decline of the use of Arabic language in Nigeria. …”
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Restorative justice: the implementation in the Islamic criminal law according to the Qur’an and Hadith of the Prophet (S.A.W.) by Ab Aziz, Norjihan, Hussin, Nasimah

“…In fact, restorative justice has long existed in Islam as provided in numerous verses of Qur’an and hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (s.’a.w.) where in certain criminal cases, the victim and the accused are encouraged to resolve criminal cases among themselves instead of referring to the authority. …”
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Solubility prediction of L-ascorbic acid by using COSMO-RS by Hassan, Syajaratul Jahriah, Adam, Fatmawati, Abu Bakar, Mohd Rushdi

“…By using COSMO-RS, only melting point and heat of fusion Δh is needed to determine the long and crucial solubility test in any solvent.…”
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Literature review on domestic subcontractor selection in the Malaysian construction industry by Abdul Aziz, Nur 'Izzati, Hasan, Sharina Farihah, Abdul Rashid, Khairuddin

“…Subcontracting is a long-established practice in the construction industry to capitalize on the skills of trade specialists and to cope with the fluctuating construction demand. …”
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Volatility component of derivative market: evidence from FBMKLCI based on CGARCH by Haron, Razali, Mansurat Ayojimi, Salami

“…Using data from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2013, this study aims to examine the volatility component of Malaysian stock index post financial crisis period, specifically on the mean-reversion, short-run (transitory) volatility, long-run (permanent) and speed of adjustment based on the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH). …”
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G2C acceptance in Malaysia: trust, perceived risk and political efficacy by Hussein, Ramlah, Mohamed, Norshidah, Ahlan, Abdul Rahman, Mahmud, Murni, Aditiarawan, Umar

“…Electronic government or e-government has long been known as a breakthrough of a new form of communication and transaction between the government and citizens, the government and industries, and among the government agencies. …”
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Experimental and numerical study on the orthogonal and oblique impact on water filled pipes by Hussain Shah, Qasim

“…A 300 mm long piece of copper (ASTM B280) pipe with an outer diameter of 35 mm and 0.7 mm wall thickness was subjected to a rigid steel pipe impact under a drop weight loading configuration where the pipe was simply supported at its ends. …”
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HARQ aware scheduling algorithm for the downlink LTE system by Mohd. Ramli, Huda Adibah, Sandrasegaran, Kumbesan, Basukala, Riyaj, Afrin, Toyoba Sohana

“…To ensure an efficient and reliable data transmission over the error-prone downlink long term evolution (LTE) system, packet scheduling is tightly-coupled with adaptive modulation and coding (AMC)scheme and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)process. …”
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Rights of a wife in the case of conversion to Islam under the family law in Malaysia by Abdul Hak, Nora

“…Among the issues that have been raised is whether a non-Muslim wife is entitled to maintenance when her husband converted to Islam and if she is still entitled the next question is for how long. Other problem is which party that shall be entitled to the custody of the child and also issue concerning the legal status of the marriage. …”
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Optimized performance evaluation of LTE hard handover algorithm with average RSRP constraint by Lin, Cheng-Chung, Sandrasegaran, Kumbesan, Mohd. Ramli, Huda Adibah, Basukala, Riyaj

“…Hard handover mechanism is adopted to be used in 3GPP Long Term Evolution (3GPP LTE) in order to reduce the complexity of the LTE network architecture. …”
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