The standard of care in traditional medicine and modern medicine by Boukerroucha, Halima, Atiyah, Asmaa Ibrahim

“…At the latest, it will mention the critical view of standard of care in both medicine. Overall, the main outcome of this study is that the given standard of care whether in the field of traditional or modern medicine is different in either field. …”
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New technology for biochar production from oil palm empty fruit bunch by Rozhan, Alya Naili, Hamzah, Mohd. Salleh, Hadi , Purwanto

“…In the general fast pyrolysis process of EFB, the main pyrolysis vapor product will undergo a secondary decomposition to produce secondary char and gases. …”
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Performance and cost analysis of diesel engine with different mixing ratio of raw vegetable oil and diesel fuel by Uddin, Md. Nasir, Rashid, Muhammad Mahbubur, Nithe, N. A., Rony, J. I.

“…The main focus of this study is to performance test of a one cylinder four stroke ZS1115 diesel engine running by diesel fuel, raw preheated soybean oil fuel, mixture of 80% diesel fuel & 20% raw preheated soybean oil fuel, mixture of 50% diesel fuel & 50% raw preheated soybean oil fuel, mixture of 30% diesel fuel & 70% raw preheated soybean oil fuel and mixture of 20% diesel fuel & 80% raw preheated soybean oil fuel, and finally compare the performance among them. …”
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Investigation of quality of cost data input in Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis in Malaysia by Ayob, Mohd Fairullazi, Abdul Rashid, Khairuddin

“…Commentators often pointed out the main focus of the local practitioners and scholars on LCC in the Malaysian construction industry is considerably on the LCC conversion which includes the methodology and models of computing LCC, but very little emphasis is given on the availability, accessibility, currency and reliability of the data as inputs into the process of generating reliable LCC analysis. …”
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Development of acid-base-enzyme pretreatment and hydrolysis of palm oil mill effluent for bioethanol production: a review by Deb, Nibedita, Alam, Md. Zahangir, Al-Khatib, Ma'an Fahmi Rashid, Elgharbawy, Amal A.

“…Nowadays, palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the main water stream pollutant in Malaysia. This paper reviews to development in the methods of bioethanol production from POME by acid-base-enzyme pretreatment and hydrolysis processes. …”
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Study of operating conditions for biodiesel production from sludge palm oil using chemical reactor by Hayyan, Adeeb, Alam, Md. Zahangir, Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed, Kabbashi, Nassereldeen, Mohd Hakimi, Noor Irma Nazashida, Mohd Siran, Yosri, Tahiruddin, Shawaluddin

“…The main challenges for biodiesel production are the cost of raw material (fats and oils) and the cost of processing. …”
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Sewage sludge as an alternative resource: Optimization of media for citric acid production by Alam, Md. Zahangir, Mohamad Hanapi, Nur Hanis, Abdulkarim, Mohd Ismail

“…However, the safe and environmental-friendly disposal of this huge quantity of sludge is the main concern of IWK. Sludge can be a very good source of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients for many microbial processes. …”
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Rainfall forecasting models using focused time-delay neural networks by Htike, Kyaw Kyaw, Khalifa, Othman Omran

“…Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have recently become very popular and they are one of the most widely used forecasting models that have enjoyed fruitful applications for forecasting purposes in many domains of engineering and computer science. The main contribution of this research is in the design, implementation and comparison of rainfall forecasting models using Focused Time-Delay Neural Networks (FTDNN). …”
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Improved watershed runoff estimation using radar-derived rainfall in Peninsular Malaysia by Yacoob, Waleed, Mohd Som, Mohd Amin, Ahmad Dahlan, Abdul Rahman, Abdul Rahman, Irdawati, Hasan, Saliza

“…These characteristics make weather radar a useful system for rainfall estimation. The main objective of this study was to develop a technique to improve the performance of hydrological models to estimate runoff more accurately using radar-derived rainfall data incorporating GIS. …”
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Review of erbium-doped fiber amplifier by Ahmed Wathik, Naji, Hamida, Belal Ahmed, Cheng, X. S., Mahdi, Mohd Adzir, Harun, Sulaiman Wadi, Khan, Sheroz, Al-Khateeb, Wajdi Fawzi Mohammed, Zaidan, A. A., Zaidan , B. B., Ahmad, Harith

“…Low NF and high gain are the main features for optimum amplifier (Desurvire, 1987). …”
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An integrated scheme to improve performance of fast mobile IPv6 handover in IEEE 802.16e network by Seyyedoshohadaei, Seyyed Masoud, Khatun, Sabira, Mohd. Ali, Borhanuddin, Othman, Mohamed, Anwar, Farhat

“…To apply the layer 3 (L3) handover protocol over the existing IEEE 802.16e layer 2 (L2) handover scheme, the fast mobile IPv6 was used by many researches, but long latency is main challenge for real-time applications. In this paper, to solve latency problem, an integrated scheme is proposed that it combines cross layer design and cross function optimization. …”
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Collaboration, wealth and value creation, SMEs’ halal products communities, and information systems by Machfud, Alfi Khairiansyah, Ahmad Dahlan, Abdul Rahman, Khatib, Jawdat, Haji-Ahmed, Ahmed Abdulaziz

“…The paper raises awareness of relevant government-industry collaboration initiatives, leveraging on the strategic use of IS to promote individual and community growth as well as to facilitate sustainable development. As there are five main components of an IS – hardware, software,data, procedures/processes, and people – this also mean that many different skills and effective change management programs are required to ensure users’ acceptance, leadership commitment and business processes between organizations are improved in ensuring ISs are effective in delivering the business goals of participating partners and collaborators.…”
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A note on Berge equilibrium by Nessaha, Rabia, Larbani, Moussa, Tazdait, Tarik

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Computer aided medical diagnosis for the identification of Malaria parasites by Toha, Siti Fauziah, Ngah, Umi Kalthom

“…The technique used is Digital Image Processing whilst the main programming language used is C++ programming which permits portability of the program so as to provide easy future software expansion. …”
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The effects of process variables on the hardness of nitrided 3% chromium steel by Mridha, Shahjahan, Khan, Ahsan Ali

“…To achieve higher surface hardnesses with a steep hardness profile of the nitrided case is one of the main objectives of nitriding of commercial low-alloy steels. …”
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Identification of genes involved in flowering in Stevia rebaudiana using expressed sequence tags (ESTs) by Razali, Amin, Samsulrizal, Nurul Hidayah, Zainuddin, Zarina

“…Stevioside is considered as the most important compound of steviol glycosides that functions as the main sweetener. Exposure of the stevia plant to long-day conditions (increased exposure to light) will delay the flowering process, which led to an increase in glycoside accumulation. …”
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Prediction of monthly rainfall at Senai, Johor using artificial immune system and deep learning neural network by Noor Rodi, Nur Syazwani, Abdul Malek, Marlinda, Zaini, Nur’Atiah A., Ismail, Amelia Ritahani, M. Hisham, Mohd Hizwan

“…In order to obtain good accuracy for the prediction of rainfall, this paper developed the Clonal Selection Algorithm (CSA) as a model for monthly rainfall prediction at Senai, Johor, Malaysia. CSA is one of the main algorithms in the Artificial Immune System. …”
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Pretreatment of Sludge Palm Oil (SPO) for biodiesel production by esterification by Hayyan, Adeeb, Alam, Md. Zahangir, Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed, Kabbashi, Nassereldeen Ahmed, Mohd Hakimi, Noor Irma Nazashida, Mohd Siran, Yosri, Tahiruddin, Shawaluddin

“…There has been renewed focus on using vegetable oils and animal fats to make biodiesel fuels. The main challenges in biodiesel industry are its production cost and limited availability of fats and oils resources. …”
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Wireless power transfer for electric vehicle charging by Ahmad, A. M., Khalifa, Othman Omran

“…Wireless power transfer is becoming a main concern to everyone staring with the producer to whatever the product to the user and that’s is the reflection of the usage of any wired supported product. …”
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Mari belajar Bahasa Melayu siri 1 by Nahar, Nora Azian, Nazir, Faridah, Ismail, Mohamad Zuber

“…This book contains 54 units, each of which focuses on the main things in daily life. Beginning chapters deal with basics in everyday conversation such as recognizing letters and sounds, day, month, number, time, personal pronouns, direction words, measurements, shapes, for the reader to master the basics of word formation, and words that are often used in learn the Malay language according to the situation. …”
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