Let's bind a friendly co-existence with nature by Abdul Razak, Mohd. Abbas

“…Pollution on land, in sea, forest, mountains, in space, global warming, melting of the ice at the poles, war, and many more pose a threat to human, wild and marine lives. The main culprit in causing the pollution and environmental degradation is none other than man himself. …”
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Generative power and closure properties of Watson-Crick grammars by Mohamad Zulkufli, Nurul Liyana, Turaev, Sherzod, Mohd Tamrin, Mohd Izzuddin, Messikh Azeddine, Azeddine

“…We also establish that the Watson-Crick regular grammars are closed under almost all of the main closure operations.…”
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Modeling and control of a multi degree of freedom flexible joint manipulator by Akhtaruzzaman, Md., Akmeliawati, Rini, Teh, Wai Yee

“…A nonlinear passivitybased control method for rigid flexible joint as well as flexible link is proposed here. The main idea of Passivity Based Controller (PBC) is to use energy state of a system to provide stabilization. …”
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Determination of critical point of p02 L]level in the production of lactic acid by Lactobacillus rhamnosus by Mel, Maizirwan, Abdulkarim, Mohd Ismail, Mohamed Salleh, Mohamad Ramlan, Abdullah, Rohane

“…The fermentation process was successfully carried out in laboratory scale fermenteribioreactor using different p02 level (the main parameter that significantly affects the growth of L. rhamnosus and lactic acid production) together with two other parameters; the agitation rate and pH. …”
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Low phase noise performance of VCO using MEMS by Al-Khateeb, Khalid A. Saeed, Mohd Subki, M. Mu’adz

“…It is relatively less complicated, which facilitates the practical integration of the LC components. The main components in the configuration are the MEMS variable capacitor and monolithic 3-D coil inductor. …”
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K-sample tests based on survival analysis with interval-censored data by Elfaki, Faiz Ahmed Mohamed, Daud, Isa, Noor Akma, Ibrahim, Jamal Ibrahim, Daoud, Usman, Mustofa, Lukman, Iing

“…Many k-sample tests have been developed when data are uncensored or right censored. The main characteristic of this paper is the permutational distributions of survival analysis with interval-censored data The difficulty of finding the distribution of the test statistic is avoided with this permutational approach. …”
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Development of International Islamic University Malaysia-Micro Aerial Vehicle (IIUM-MAV) by Omar, Ashraf Ali, Cheong, Zi Jian

“…The total weight of MAV6 is 197 grams, while MAV7 is 157 grams. The foam was the main material used to construct the IIUM-MAV. The electric micro R/C engine with maximum weight of 19 grams and maximum power output of 80 W was used. …”
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Perception of the headmaster towards the implementation of the policy: English for Teaching Mathematics and Science (ETeMS) by Da-I, Naruemon, Hussien, Suhailah, Salleh, Mohamad Johdi

“…The main purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of selected primary school headmasters regarding the implementation of English Teaching for Mathematics and Science (ETeMS). …”
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The standard of care for alternative medicine practitioners: legal problems and challenges by Jahn Kassim, Puteri Nemie

“…Although some laws may have an indirect effect on these practices but they are not adequate to ensure comprehensive protection to relevant parties. The main problem is defining the appropriate standard of care for these practices in order to be at par with the standard of care of conventional medicine practitioners. …”
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Quality services for students in learning through information technology by Adam, Zalika, Che Ibrahim, Khairani

“…Hence, quality services in IT are needed most in the globalization era. The main objective of this study to show beneficial services through IT that prepared for IIUM students during their study. …”
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Crab and cockle shells as heterogeneous catalysts in the production of biodiesel by Maniam, Gaanty Pragas, Boey, Peng-Lim, Abd Hamid, Shafida

“…Characterization results revealed that the main component of the shells are calcium carbonate which transformed into calcium oxide upon activated above 700 °C for 2 h. …”
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Muffler design optimization through experimental analysis of noise and back pressure by Mohiuddin, A. K. M., Ideres, Mohd Rashidin, Mohd Hashim, Shukri

“…Exhaust noise of internal combustion engines is known to be the biggest pollutant of the presentday urban environment. The main objective of this paper is to find the relationship between the back pressure and the noise level. …”
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Application of universal design in healthcare built environment by Rahim, Asiah, Abd Samad, Nur Amirah

“…The need of frait and firm to elderly persons for accessibJe built environments are similar to those of the group generally describe as persons with disabilities. The main purpose of this research is to audit accessibility of buildjng facilities for the disabled persons~ elderJy and chUdren, at hospitaJ buHdings, and Hospitar Putrajaya has been selected for this research. …”
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Zakat, school enrolment, and economic growth in Malaysia: a panel data analysis by Yusoff, Mohammed

“…The main objective of this study is to determine the impact of zakat spending and school enrollment on economic growth using panel data represented by the fourteen states of Malaysia. …”
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Conciliation and mediation in civil and Islamic family laws: issues and challenges by Abdul Hak, Nora

“…The same also happen in Malaysia however, there has been no changes have taken place. Mediation has two main objects that are to define the matters on which the parties are in dispute and to encourage them to come to an agreed solution. …”
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Reducing variability, increasing reliability: exploring the psychology of intra- and inter-rater reliability by Aslett, Helen J.

“…However, the reliability of the assessment process should never be assumed. There are two main forms of reliability: intra- and inter- rater reliability. …”
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Aspects of problem-based learning : implications for library collaboration in learning and teaching by Foley, Anne

“…PBL and IL appear, in the main, to make easy bedfellows. It is the evidence for this mutually beneficial relationship, from the point of view of the learner, academic staff, and academic/subject librarian in HE that is examined in this paper.…”
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FOSS as an efficient tool for extraction of MOSFET compact model parameters by Tomaszewski, Daniel, Gluszko, Grzegorz, Brinson, Mike, Kuznetsov, Vadim, Grabinski, Wladek

“…A GNU Octave - based application for device-level compact model evaluation and parameter extraction has been developed. The applications main features are as follows: experimental I-V data importing, generating input data for different circuit simulation programs, running the simulation program to calculate I-V characteristics of the specified models, calculating model misfit and its sensitivity to selected parameter variation, and the comparison of experimental and simulated characteristics. …”
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Inflation and inflation uncertainty in the Euro area by Caporale, Guglielmo Maria, Onorante, Luca, Paesani, Paolo

“…This paper estimates a time-varying AR-GARCH model of inflation producing measures of inflation uncertainty for the euro area, and investigates the linkages between them in a VAR framework, also allowing for the possible impact of the policy regime change associated with the start of EMU in 1999. The main findings are as follows. Steady-state inflation and inflation uncertainty have declined steadily since the inception of EMU, whilst short-run uncertainty has increased, mainly owing to exogenous shocks. …”
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Price Discovery and Trade Fragmentation in a Multi-Market Environment: Evidence from the MTS System by Caporale, Guglielmo Maria, Girardi, Alessandro

“…This paper proposes new metrics for the process of price discovery on the main electronic trading platform for euro-denominated government securities. …”
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