In-Utero effects of the crude ethanolic extract of the leaves of mitragyna speciosa on neural tube formation in rats by Muhammad, Bala Yauri, Abdullahi, Abubakar Danjuma, Abd Kadir, Siti Nur Sharida, Abdul Razak, Tariq, Ahmed, Qamar Uddin

“…Results indicate that the medium (C) and high (D) (1000 & 1500mg/kg) doses but not the low (B) (500mg/kg) dose in comparison with control (A) group, significantly (p10.001) produced a widening of the vertebral arch in the thoracic, lumber and cervical regions of the spinal cord. The brain transverse diameter was also significantly (p10.05) increased by the high dose only. …”
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Biomechanical Study of Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Review by Azmi, Muhammad Huzaifah, Mazlan, Muhammad Hazli, Md Salleh, NurSaliha, Hiromitsu Takano, Hiromitsu Takano, Jallil, Muhammad Hilmi, Razali, Muhammad Anas, Abdullah, Abdul Halim

“…Degenerative disc disease is a spinal disorder in which the vertebral disc helps protect nerves and increase spine flexibility that begins to deteriorate. …”
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Biomechanical Study of Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Review by Azmi, Muhammad Huzaifah, Mazlan, Muhammad Hazli, Md Salleh, NurSaliha, Hiromitsu Takano, Hiromitsu Takano, Jallil, Muhammad Hilmi, Razali, Muhammad Anas, Abdullah, Abdul Halim

“…Degenerative disc disease is a spinal disorder in which the vertebral disc helps protect nerves and increase spine flexibility that begins to deteriorate. …”
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Biomechanical Study of Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Review by Azmi, Muhammad Huzaifah, Mazlan, Muhammad Hazli, Md Salleh, NurSaliha, Hiromitsu Takano, Hiromitsu Takano, Jallil, Muhammad Hilmi, Razali, Muhammad Anas, Abdullah, Abdul Halim

“…Degenerative disc disease is a spinal disorder in which the vertebral disc helps protect nerves and increase spine flexibility that begins to deteriorate. …”
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Biomechanical Study of Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Review by Azmi, Muhammad Huzaifah, Mazlan, Muhammad Hazli, Md Salleh, NurSaliha, Takano, Hiromitsu, Jallil, Muhammad Hilmi, Razali, Muhammad Anas, Abdullah, Abdul Halim

“…Degenerative disc disease is a spinal disorder in which the vertebral disc helps protect nerves and increase spine flexibility that begins to deteriorate. …”
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Comparison of microwave path lengths between temperate and tropical region based on effects of rain by Ulaganathen , Kesavan, Tharek , Abdul Rahman, Islam, Md. Rafiqul

“…However, important parameter need to consider in the path reduction factor is the maximum e®ective path length for a particular link at speci¯c operating frequency. This paper presents the summary of allowable path length for designing terrestrial microwave link at particular operating frequency at temperate and tropical region. …”
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An ontological framework for assisting people with disabilities in organisations by Ulman, Michael

“…The OntoCarer-Link-Ontology is an ontology of properties used to link the assisted actions with the assister actions, and so create an assistive social network for an organisation. …”
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Analysis of the Rain Effects on Terrestrial Free Space Optics Based on Data Measured in Tropical Climate. by Ahmad Zabidi, Suriza, Islam, Md. Rafiqul, Wajdi, Al Khateeb, Ahmed Wathik, Naji

“…However, the feasibility of using FSO system as communication link very much depends on local weather. Since tropical region experiences heavy rainfall, rain with high intensity is expected to affect the FSO link severely. …”
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Ethyl 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylate by Hamzah, Nurasyikin, Ngah, Nurziana, Abd Hamid, Shafida, Abdul Rahim, Aisyah Saad

“…Weak C-HO hydrogen bonds further link these dimers into chains propagating along the a axis. …”
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Genetic algorithm optimisation for fuzzy control of wheelchair lifting and balancing by Ahmad, Salmiah, Tokhi, M. Osman, Toha, Siti Fauziah

“…The lifting of the chair is done by transforming the first link, attached to the front wheels (casters) to the upright position while maintaining stability of the second link where the payload is attached. …”
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A cost and delay estimation of a suite of low-cost adaptive routers for hierarchical torus network by Rahman, M.M. Hafizur, Akhand, M. A. H

“…Three deadlock-free adaptive routing algorithms called link-selection, channel-selection, and a combination of link-selection and channel-selection was proposed for the efficient use of physical links and virtual channels of an HTN to improve dynamic communication performance. …”
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Availability evaluation of scalable complex networks by Al-Khateeb, Wajdi Fawzi Mohammed, Al-Khateeb, Khalid A. Saeed, Al-Irhayim, Sufyan

“…Two formulas are developed for the availability evaluation of the n-tuple bridge complex network, one for arbitrary link availability and a second for identical link availability.…”
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An introduction to swarming robotics: application development trends by Zainal Abidin, Zulkifli

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Modeling and control of a multi degree of freedom flexible joint manipulator by Akhtaruzzaman, Md., Akmeliawati, Rini, Teh, Wai Yee

“…Since lightweight materials are employed in the construction of manipulator, the assumption that negligible link deformation no longer applies. A nonlinear passivitybased control method for rigid flexible joint as well as flexible link is proposed here. …”
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A modified weight optimisation for higher-order neural network in time series prediction by Husaini, Noor Aida

“…The MCS-MCMC results is further benchmarked with the standard Multilayer Perceptron, standard Pi-Sigma Neural Network (PSNN), Pi-Sigma Neural Network-Modified Cuckoo Search, Pi-Sigma Neural Network-Markov chain Monté Carlo, standard Functional Link Neural Network (FLNN), Functional Link Neural Network-Modified Cuckoo Search and Functional Link Neural Network-Markov chain Monté Carlo which emphasis in optimising the accuracy rate. …”
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Dilated intercellular spaces of esophageal epithelium among Malaysian with non-erosive reflux disease: Transmission Electron Microscopic (TEM) study by Myint, Yi Yi, Tun, Ye

“…The diffusion of refluxed gastric acid into the intercellular space activates chemo sensitive nociceptors whose signals are transmitted via the spinal cord to the brain for symptom (heartburn) perception as well as initiated a short reflex arc to esophageal (longitudinal) smooth muscle as means of precipitating a sustained esophageal contraction. …”
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Effects of different methods of slaughtering on protein expression in chicken meat by Zaman, Rahela, Mohd Nasir, Mohd Hamzah, Abdulrazaq, Nafiu Bidemi, Mohd. Salleh, Hamzah, Rahman, Mohammad Tariqur

“…Two types of samples, depending on the method of slaughtering using sharp knife, were examined: (i) CT- neck was cut off completely and body was tied until the animal died and (ii) PRneck was cut off partially leaving the spinal cord intact and body was released immediately after slaughtering. …”
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Closed-Loop Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) – Cycling Rehabilitation with Phase Control Fuzzy Logic for Fatigue Reduction Control Strategies for Stroke Patients by Ahmad, Mohd Khairul Ikhwan, Shamsudin, Abu Ubaidah, Soomro, Zubair Adil, Abdul Rahim, Ruzairi, KSM Kader Ibrahim, Babul Salam, Huq, Mohammad Saiful

“…Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) cycling, or FES-Cycling, holds great therapeutic potential for individuals with paralysis, such as those with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury, or stroke, aiming to restore mobility. …”
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Development of Brain Computer Interface (BCI) system for integration with Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) application by Ahad, Rosnee

“…The intention is for the majority of patients who were not able to move as stroke, spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury. The goal of this study was to develop and analysis of offline and realtime Brain Computer Interface (BCI) system for integration with Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) application. …”
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Active vibration isolation system to improve free space optics communication by Abdul Muthalif, Asan Gani, Turahim, Khairiah K., Ab Rahim, Syazwani

“…A Free Space Optics (FSO) link consists of a transmitter and a receiver telescope which requires a continuous alignment for successful transmission of data. …”
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