Calcined bone provides a reliable substrate for strontium isotope ratios as shown by an enrichment experiment by Snoeck, C, Lee-Thorp, J, Schulting, R, de Jong, J, Debouge, W, Mattielli, N

“…<p><b>Results</b></p> The strontium isotopic ratios of all samples immersed in the spiked solution were strongly modified showing that significant amounts of strontium had been adsorbed or incorporated. …”

Application of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to determine free fatty acid contents in palm olein by Che Man, Y.B., Setiowaty, G.

“…This set was prepared by spiking increasing amounts of oleic acid into a series of palm oleins that covers a wide range of FFA (0.08-1.04%). …”
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P4-network : a networking infrastructure for intra-aircraft cabin wireless communication by Pham, Chau Khoa.

“…In particular, a pinging test over a path of four hops takes less than a hundred millise-conds. …”
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Software defined network : user centric network by Lim, Derrick Teck Leong.

“…A test of the application was done by running two continuous pings, one from each host to the other. Then, the path in use was disconnected. …”
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Study of charmonium production via the decay to p p¯ at √s = 13 TeV by LHCb Collaboration

“…The differential cross-section is measured in bins of p T and, for the first time, of y. Upper limits, at 90% and 95% confidence levels, on the η c ( 2 S ) and h c ( 1 P ) prompt production cross-sections are determined for the first time.…”
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An improve unsupervised discretization using optimization algorithms for classification problems by Mohamed, Rozlini, Samsudin, Noor Azah

“…Recognizing the critical role of discretization in enhancing classification performance, the study integrates equal width binning (EWB) with two optimization algorithms: the bat algorithm (BA), referred to as EB, and the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), denoted as EW. …”
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Universality for the largest eigenvalue of sample covariance matrices with general population by Bao, Zhigang, Pan, Guangming, Zhou, Wang

“…Moreover, in the real case, we show that when E is spiked with a fixed number of subcritical spikes, the type 1 Tracy—Widom limit TWi holds for the normalized largest eigenvalue of WN, which extends a result of Féral and Péché in [J. …”
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High Rake Angle Orthogonal Machining of Highly Ordered Pyrolytic Graphite Parallel to the Basal Plane by Jayasena, B., Subbiah, S., Reddy, C. D.

“…Evidence of flat, folded, and rolled structures were found in exfoliated graphite sheets in addition to defects such as two types of kink bands. Multiple spikes in measured cutting forces were seen during machining due to disturbances in tool movement. …”
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Towards an optimal and unbiased approach for tumor cell isolation by Sajay, Bhuvanendran Nair Gourikutty, Chang, Chia-Pin, Ahmad, Hamizah, Chung, Wong Chee, Puiu, Poenar Daniel, Rahman, Abdur Rub Abdur

“…This approach achieves an average of >90 % recovery of spiked tumor cells and >99 % total WBC depletion in whole blood across multiple cell lines, in a simple and easy-to-use assay. …”
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A frequency-domain output-constrained active noise control algorithm based on an intuitive circulant convolutional penalty factor by Shi, Dongyuan, Gan, Woon-Seng, Lam, Bhan, Shen, Xiaoyi

“…Prevailing time-domain adaptive algorithms - proposed to alleviate complexities from transformation - continue to incur increased complexities while constraining the magnitude of frequency bins in the time-domain filters. To address existing complexities in time-domain approaches, this paper proposes a circulant convolutional penalty factor that assists the extended leaky filtered-reference LMS (FxLMS) algorithm in achieving frequency constraint without any frequency-domain transform. …”
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Online object detection and tracking by Ooi, Jun Han.

“…By using HOG feature extraction algorithm, a database containing positive (vehicle’s features) and negative (background features) histograms (540 bins) is generated. During the tracking stage, the vehicle’s coordinate is predicted using mean-shift algorithm. …”
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Self healable neuromorphic memtransistor elements for decentralized sensory signal processing in robotics by John, Rohit Abraham, Tiwari, Naveen, Muhammad Iszaki Patdillah, Kulkarni, Mohit Rameshchandra, Tiwari, Nidhi, Basu, Joydeep, Bose, Sumon Kumar, Ankit, Yu, Chan Jun, Nirmal, Amoolya, Vishwanath, Sujaya Kumar, Bartolozzi, Chiara, Basu, Arindam, Mathews, Nripan

“…The proposed system comprises self-healable materials and memtransistors as enabling technologies for the implementation of neuromorphic nociceptors, spiking local associative learning and communication. …”
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Characterization of hippocampal CA1 place cells. by Lau, Hwee Hui.

“…Most of the neurons had stable firing across sessions recorded in both familiar and novel environments, while some showing selective discharged of spikes in either one of the environments tested. The data recorded had provided spatial-temporal pattern for study of neuronal activities of physiologically identified place cells residing in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal layer.…”
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Disturbance detection in the MV and the LV distribution networks using time-domain method by Ukil, Abhisek

“…These are typically reflected in the time-domain as spikes in the square wave, without requiring any frequency analysis. …”
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Application of FTIR spectroscopy in determining sesamol in sesame seed oil by Mirghani, M. E. S., Che Man, Y. B., Jinap, S., Baharin, B. S., Bakar, J.

“…A new analytical method was developed for determining sesamol in sesame seed oil by FTIR spectroscopy. Sesamol was also spiked at 0 to 1000 mg/kg in freshly refined, bleached, and deodorized palm olein (RBDPOo) and groundnut (peanut) oil. …”
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Unifying statistical texture classification frameworks by Varma, M, Zisserman, A

“…First, we show that there is a correspondence between the two common representations of filter outputs—textons and binned histograms. Second, we show that two classification methodologies, nearest neighbour matching and Bayesian classification, are equivalent for particular choices of the distance measure. …”

Stability of peptide nucleic acid influenced by peptoid-like sidechains : MD simulation study. by Yeo, Sven Hwea Jie.

“…Solvent accessible surface of the modified base-pair experienced spikes in values during the 40ns simulations and solvation shells of the base-pair situated close to APS were disrupted up to 33%. …”
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Hodgkin–huxley artificial synaptic membrane based on protonic/electronic hybrid neuromorphic transistors by Fu, Yang Ming, Wan, Chang Jin, Zhu, Li Qiang, Xiao, Hui, Chen, Xiao Dong, Wan, Qing

“…By using protonic/electronic hybrid oxide transistor configuration, dynamic synaptic membrane potential responses are triggered with gate current spikes. Typical resting potential, excitatory/inhibitory postsynaptic potential behaviors, and membrane depolarization/activation behaviors are mimicked on the proposed Hodgkin–Huxley artificial synaptic membrane. …”
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Study on the regulation of focal adesions and cortical actin by matrix nanotopography in 3D environment by Han, Jingjing, Lin, Keng-Hui, Chew, Lock Yue

“…After culturing rat embryonic fibroblast cells in two kinds of scaffold, one with smooth surface and the other with numerous nano-spikes, we observed that cells in the smooth scaffold have more anchoring sites and more focal adhesions than in the etched scaffold. …”
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Lead federated neuromorphic learning for wireless edge artificial intelligence by Yang, Helin, Lam, Kwok-Yan, Xiao, Liang, Xiong, Zehui, Hu, Hao, Niyato, Dusit, Poor, H. Vincent

“…This paper proposes a lead federated neuromorphic learning (LFNL) technique, which is a decentralized energy-efficient brain-inspired computing method based on spiking neural networks. The proposed technique will enable edge devices to exploit brain-like biophysiological structure to collaboratively train a global model while helping preserve privacy. …”
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