Editorial by Noor, Noraini M.

“…It would be instructive, therefore, to reflect on Martin Lings' explanation of the concepts of "development" (tatawwur), "progress" (taqaddum), "renewal" (tajdid) and "renaissance" (nahdah).....…”
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The mechanisms of neuropathic pain: an overview for psychiatrists by Pridmore, Saxby A., Pasha, Iqbal, Kahn, Umeed

“…Results: Neuroplastic changes are described under the headings of: ectopic discharge, sensitizationof sensory terminals, cross-excitation, neurotransmitter change, coupling between the sympathetic and sensory nervous systems, spinal cord reorganization, spinal cord increased excitability, spinal cord decreased inhibition,supraspinal influences. …”
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A case of an SMA child with a unique clinical and radiological manifestation by Taib, Mai Nurul Ashikin, Sivapunniam, Selva Kumar, Sharifudin, Mohd Ariff, Abdul Aziz, Azian

“…Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder with variable clinical severity. …”
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Perennial philosophy in re-understanding Malay mythology and science of symbol by Ahmad, Baharudin

“…This paper will evaluate Malay mythology and the science of symbols from the perennialists point of view by taking into of consideration the various explanations made by scholars like Rene Guenon, Ananda Coomaraswamy, Frithjof Schuon, Martin Lings, and Seyyed Hossein Nasr regarding myths, symbols and imageries in traditional thought and literature. …”
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Syringomyelia in pregnancy - is caesarean section the best option for delivery - a case report by Bilal, Hakim Gharib, Ramli, Roszaman, Abd. Wahab, Noraziana, Che Yaakob, Che Anuar, Abdullah, Jefri

“…Syringomyelia is a rare neurological disease, which is characterized by the formation of a cyst in the spinal cord. The aetiology of the disease still remains controversial. …”
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Effect of adding global postural re-education to Kendall exercises for treating asymptomatic forward head posture: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial by Abu-Taleb, Walaa, Yamany, Abeer Abdelrahman, Aneis, Yasser M., Abu El Kasem, Shimaa T.

“…Conclusions: The added effect GPR technique to Kendall exercises significantly improved CVA, CROM, NDI, chest expansion, and spinal mobility in subjects with FHP.…”
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Q-switched erbium-doped fiber lasers with ITO thin film saturable absorbers: A comprehensive cavity configuration study by Muhamad Zamri, Ain Zamira, Hani Zalkepali, Noor Ummi Hazirah, Awang, Noor Azura, Mun Kok Lim, Mun Kok Lim, Nik Mahmud, Nik Noor Haryatul Eleena, Muhammad, Nur Ainnaa Mardhiah

“…The system is designed in three distinct configurations, including linear, single-ring, and Figure-8 cavities, by integrating ITO in the setup, which has a modulation depth of 48.04 %. …”
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Q-switched erbium-doped fiber lasers with ITO thin film saturable absorbers: A comprehensive cavity configuration study by Muhamad Zamri, Ain Zamira, Zalkepali, Noor Ummi Hazirah Hani, Awang, Noor Azura, Mun Kok Lim, Mun Kok Lim, Nik Mahmud, Nik Noor Haryatul Eleena, Muhammad, Nur Ainnaa Mardhiah

“…The system is designed in three distinct configurations, including linear, single-ring, and Figure-8 cavities, by integrating ITO in the setup, which has a modulation depth of 48.04 %. …”
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Q-switched erbium-doped fiber lasers with ITO thin film saturable absorbers: A comprehensive cavity configuration study by Muhamad Zamri, Ain Zamira, Zalkepali, Noor Ummi Hazirah Hani, Awang, Noor Azura, Lim, Mun Kok, Nik Mahmud, Nik Noor Haryatul Eleena, Muhammad, Nur Ainnaa Mardhiah

“…The system is designed in three distinct configurations, including linear, single-ring, and Figure-8 cavities, by integrating ITO in the setup, which has a modulation depth of 48.04 %. …”
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6,6′-Dimethoxy-2,2′-[p-phenylenebis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenol chloroform disolvate by Al-Douh, Mohammed Hadi, Osman, Hasnah, Abd Hamid, Shafida, Kia, Reza, Fun, Hoong-Kun

“…An intramolecular O-HN hydrogen bond generates a six-membered ring, producing an S(6) ring motif. Intermolecular bifurcated C-HO hydrogen bonds involving the two O atoms of the Schiff base ligand and the H atom of the chloroform solvent of crystallization, generate an R21(5) ring motif. …”
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Transform domain characterization of cyclic codes over Zm by Rajan, Sundar B., Siddiqi, Mohammad Umar

“…Cyclic codes with symbols from a residue class integer ring Zm are characterized in terms of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of codewords defined over an appropriate extension ring of Zm. …”
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Copper complexes of dinucleating octa-azamacrocyclic ligands by Dancey, Keith Philip

“…Three types of dinacleating tetraimine macrocycles have been prepared from 4,7-diaza-2,3;8,9-dibenzodecane-l,10-dione by condensation with the appropriate polyamine; I, large-ring octa-aza macrocycles e.g. the 28—membered ring compound 5,6,7,8,15,16,23,24,25,26,33,34— dodecahydrotetrabenzo(e,m,s,a’) (1,4,11,15,18,22,25) octaaza- cyclooctacosine and related 30- and 36- membered ring compounds; II, the "fused" bis(tetra-azamacrocycle) 5,6,7,8,22,23,24,25-octahydrotetrabenzo (f,f’1,1’) benzo (1,2-b:4,5-b’)- bis(1,4,8,)tetraazacyclotetradecine; III, the "Linked" bis(tetra-azamacrocycle) 5,6,7,8,24,25,26,27-octahydrotetrabenzo (f,f’,1,1)diphenyl(3,4-b:3’,4’-b’)bis(l,4,8,11)tetraazacyclotetradecine. …”
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4-(sec-butylamino)-3-nitrobenzoic acid by Narendra Babu, Shivanagere Nagojappa, Abdul Rahim, Aisyah Saad, Abd Hamid, Shafida, Yeap, Chin Sing, Fun, Hoong-Kun

“…In each, intramolecular N-H...O hydrogen bonds generate S(6) ring motifs. The mean plane of the nitro group forms dihedral angles of 4.5 (3) and 0.5 (3)° with the benzene ring in molecules A and B, respectively. …”
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Sulfur monoxide transfer from peri-substituted trisulfide-2-oxides to dienes: substituent effects, mechanistic studies and application in thiophene synthesis by Grainger, Richard S., Patel, Bhaven, Kariuki, Benson M., Male, Louise, Spencer, Neil

“…The 1,2,3-trithiane-2-oxide ring adopts a sofa conformation in the solid state, with a pseudoaxial oxygen and evidence of ring strain (peri-interaction). …”

Synthesis and chemistry of 1,4-oxathianes and 1,4-oxathian-3-ones by Hammad, Nashwa

“…The first involved an examination influencing the regioselectivity of the epoxide and consequent ring-opening to yield the corresponding hydroxy sulfide. …”
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Compact tri-band Wilkinson power divider based on metamaterial structure for Bluetooth, WiMAX, and WLAN applications by Khajeh-Khalili, Farzad, Honarvar, M. Amin, Dadgarpour, Abdolmehdi, Virdee, Bal Singh, Denidni, Tayeb A.

“…It comprises a П-shaped transmission-line coupled to a rectangular split ring resonator metamaterial structure. The μ-negative feature of the rectangular split ring resonator metamaterial structure is investigated by retrieving its constitutive parameters from the S-parameter response. …”
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Biomedical Analysis of Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF) Cage for Lumbar Vertebrae by Zulkefli, Aiman Asiqin, Mazlan, Muhammad Hazli, Takano, Hiromitsu, Md Salleh, Nur Saliha, Jalil, Muhammad Hilmi

“…Objective: To develop the interbody cages implanted between the lumbar vertebrae by evaluating the strength of the bone model and the spinal cage. Materials and methods: In this study, finite element analysis (FEA) was applied using Mechanical Finder software (MF) to develop a 3D spine model lumbar vertebrae of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae (L4 - L5) with various interbody cage designs, including honeycomb and rectilinear patterns with 50%, 70%, and 100% infill densities. …”
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2-Bromo-4-(3,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-yl)-6- methoxyphenol by Hariono, Maywan, Ngah, Nurziana, A. Wahab, Habibah, Abdul Rahim, Aisyah Saad

“…The mean plane of oxazolidine ring makes dihedral angles of 82.96 (13) and 70.97 (12)°, respectively, with the phenyl and benzene rings. …”
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Ethyl 1-(butan-2-yl)-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)- 1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylate by Natarajan, Arumugam, Ngah, Nurziana, Osman, Hasnah, Abdul Rahim, Aisyah Saad

“…In the title compound, C21H24N2O3, the mean planes of the benzene ring and the benzimidazole ring system form a dihedral angle of 69.94 (7)�. …”
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4-ethylamino-3-nitrobenzoic acid by Narendra Babu, Shivanagere Nagojappa, Abdul Rahim, Aisyah Saad, Abd Hamid, Shafida, Quah, Ching Kheng, Fun, Hoong-Kun

“…In the title compound, C9H10N2O4, an intramolecular N-H...O hydrogen-bond interaction generates an S(6) ring motif. The nitro group is slightly twisted away from its attached benzene ring [dihedral angle = 15.29 (15)°]. …”
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