Health impact and economic evaluation of expanded program on immunization in China from 1974 to 2024: a modelling study by Wang, C, Lai, X, Abbas, K, Pouwels, KB, Zhang, H, Jit, M, Fang. H

“…Health and economic outcomes were determined using mathematical models between a counterfactual scenario without vaccination and the current vaccination scenario, based on both calendar year and birth cohort approaches. <p><strong> Findings: </strong></p> We estimated that China’s EPI averted 703.02 million cases (95% credible interval: 699.51-722.80) and 2.48 million deaths (2.14-2.97) in 1974-2024 based on the calendar year approach, equivalent to a reduction of 160.22 million DALYs (145.05-196.99). …”

Does negative parenting behavior lead to later peer victimization? A longitudinal co-twin control study by Oncioiu, S-I, Korde, A, Klatzka, C, Bowes, L

“…In exploratory analyses, we found that in early adolescence, monozygotic girls exposed to negative parenting behavior presented higher levels of peer victimization than boys (monozygotic girls: Beta = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.03–0.19; monozygotic boys: Beta = -0.08, 95%CI = -0.19, 0.02). Our findings suggest that the relationship between negative parenting behavior and children’s risk for peer victimization may reflect shared underlying environmental and genetic risks. …”

Identifying falsified COVID-19 vaccines by analysing vaccine vial label and excipient profiles using MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry by Arman, BY, Clarke, R, Bharucha, T, Fernandez, LG, Walsby-Tickle, J, Deats, M, Mosca, S, Lin, Q, Banerjee, S, Chunekar, SR, Patil, KD, Gairola, S, Dunachie, S, Merchant, HA, Stokes, R, Kuwana, R, Maes, A, Charrier, J, Probert, F, Caillet, C, Matousek, P, McCullagh, J, Newton, PN, Zitzmann, N, Gangadharan, B

“…Furthermore, even if a falsified product contained polysorbate 80 at the same concentration as used in the genuine vaccine, the characteristic spectral profile of polysorbate 80 used in genuine products is a reliable internal marker for vaccine authenticity. Our findings demonstrate that MALDI-ToF MS analysis of extracts from vial labels and the vaccine excipients themselves can be used independently to detect falsified vaccines. …”

Paradoxical attenuation of early amyloid-induced cognitive impairment and synaptic plasticity in an aged APP/Tau bigenic rat model by Emmerson, JT, Do Carmo, S, Lavagna, A, Huang, C, Wong, TP, Martinez-Trujillo, JC, Cuello, AC

“…As anticipated, at more advanced stages, the APPxhTau bigenic rats exhibited aggravated tau and amyloid pathologies, cognitive decline, increased neuroinflammation, and tau-driven neuronal loss compared to monogenic rat models of Alzheimer’s-like amyloid and tau pathologies. The present findings propose that the early accumulation of phosphorylated tau may have a transient protective impact on the evolving amyloid pathology-derived synaptic impairments.…”

Associations of maternal night shift work during pregnancy with DNA methylation in offspring: a meta-analysis in the PACE consortium by Marques, IF, Domènech-Panicello, C, Geurtsen, ML, Hoang, TT, Richmond, R, Polinski, K, Sirignano, L, Page, CM, Binter, A, Everson, T, Burt, A, Deuschle, M, Gilles, M, Streit, F, Mumford, SL, Magnus, P, Reiss, IKM, Vermeulen, MJ, Witt, SH, Chaves, I, Yeung, E, London, SJ, Guxens, M, Felix, JF

“…Conclusion: Maternal night shift work during pregnancy was associated with newborn DNA methylation at 3 CpGs. Top findings overlapped with those in a mouse model of gestational jet lag. …”

Molecular mechanisms relevant to the maintenance of locomotor control by Guo, F

“…Excitingly, this significantly rescued the hyperlocomotor phenotype of the <em>Trkb</em>^PENK-KO mice. These findings add knowledge to the molecular mechanisms underlying normal locomotor maintenance, and they also highlight related pathway as a potential target for the development of novel treatments to movement disorders.…”

Myocardial ischaemia following COVID-19: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study by Arnold, JR, Yeo, JL, Budgeon, CA, Shergill, S, England, R, Shiwani, H, Artico, J, Moon, JC, Gorecka, M, Roditi, G, Morrow, A, Mangion, K, Shanmuganathan, M, Miller, CA, Chiribiri, A, Alzahir, M, Ramirez, S, Lin, A, Swoboda, PP, McDiarmid, AK, Sykes, R, Singh, T, Bucciarelli-Ducci, C, Dawson, D

“…Myocardial ischaemia was present in ~ 20% of patients recently hospitalised with COVID-19 and with elevated cardiac troponin, but this was not different to matched comorbid controls. This finding coupled with the lack of an association between ischaemia and myocardial scar suggests that coronary artery abnormalities are unlikely to be the predominant mechanism underlying COVID-19 induced myocardial injury. …”

Plasma trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO): associations with cognition, neuroimaging, and dementia by Yaqub, A, Vojinovic, D, Vernooij, MW, Slagboom, PE, Ghanbari, M, Beekman, M, van der Grond, J, Hankemeier, T, van Duijn, CM, Ikram, MA, Ahmad, S

“…<p><b>Conclusions</b></p> Plasma choline, as opposed to TMAO, was found to be associated with cognitive decline, brain atrophy, and markers of cerebral small vessel disease. These findings illustrate the complexity of relationships between TMAO and its precursors, and emphasize the need for concurrent study to elucidate gut-brain mechanisms.…”

Effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccination in people with blood cancer by Copland, E, Hirst, J, Mi, E, Patone, M, Chen, D, Coupland, C, Hippisley-Cox, J

“…</p> <br> <p><strong>Findings:</strong> The cohort comprised 12,274,948 individuals, of whom 81,793 had blood cancer. …”

An aerodynamic investigation of a high-pressure turbine using rotor casing static pressure measurements at engine representative conditions with different tip designs, tip gaps, an... by Singh, D, Beard, PF, Cardwell, D, Staelens, V, Bahulekar, P, Stokes, M, Bather, S, Chana, K

“…However, the majority of the present findings are based on linear cascade or low-speed rotational studies, due to the high cost of the experiments and difficulty in instrumentation at engine conditions. …”

Maternal postpartum six-week check and short-term health outcomes for women with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: an observational study using the Clinical Practice Research Da... by Ramakrishnan, R, Korb, D, Li, Y, Knight, M, Carson, C

“…</p> <br> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There may be missed opportunities in postpartum care among women with HDP. Our findings highlight the need to ensure that general postpartum care is not overlooked in women with specific morbidities in pregnancy.…”

Functional characterisation of multiple sclerosis-­associated single nucleotide polymorphisms in the Eomesodermin region by Leach, O

“…Despite observing significant differences in expression between genotype groups in a pilot study, findings in a larger cohort did not reach the threshold for significance. …”

Industrial policy refraction: how corporate strategy shapes development outcomes in Brazil by Zylberberg, E

“…Refraction is not categorical, but a matter of degree. My findings are brought to bear on three traditionally disparate bodies of research –industrial policy, corporate strategy and institutional theory – extending each and also bringing them into fruitful communion with one another.…”

The effects of angiotensin-receptor blockade on mood and vigilance behaviour in a gamified foraging task by Morse, L

“…Additionally, we replicated the finding that task environment impacts mood ratings and suggest this task may therefore be useful for investigating mood in future studies.…”

International healthcare workers’ experiences and perceptions of the 2022 multi-country mpox outbreak by Apea, V, Titanji, BK, Dakin, FH, Hayes, R, Smuk, M, Kawu, H, Waters, L, Levy, I, Kuritzkes, DR, Gandhi, M, Rockstroh, J, Schechter, M, Holt, M, Palich, R, Cortes, CP, Nozza, S, Mussini, C, Calmy, A, Crabtree-Ramirez, BE, Blanco, JL, Bhagani, S, Dewsnap, C, Orkin, C, On Behalf of the Mpox SHARE-NET Writing Group

“…Where offered, there were high levels of uptake across all regions. The findings highlight a critical need for addressing the profound gaps in HCW knowledge about re-emerging diseases with pandemic potential. …”

Key transcriptional regulators of neutrophil function in inflammation by Ai, Z

“…KLF6 and RUNX1 deficient neutrophils also displayed impaired transmigration properties. Consistent with findings in the Hoxb8 in vitro model, conditional deletion of RUNX1 in myeloid populations produced lower mature neutrophils in the bone marrow.…”

Participation and cooperation in global climate governance by Rowan, SS

“…Second, patterns of participation are associated with the ambition of countries’ greenhouse gas mitigation targets in the Paris Agreement. These findings help illuminate debates about how states use dense institutional environments, why states join institutions, and the depth of cooperation.…”

Molecular and physiological consequences of prematurity and blood pressure elevation on the young adult left ventricular stress response by Huckstep, O

“…Collectively, these findings suggest preterm-born young adults have reduced myocardial functional reserve which likely contributes to risk of future disease including heart failure. …”

Techniques for analysis and integration of histology data and agent-based modelling of T cell-tumour interactions by Stephens, R

“…In the final part of the thesis we develop a new on-lattice ABM which builds on the findings of our first model, and use it to identify conditions under which spatial statistics enable us to make earlier and more accurate predictions of tumour responses to immunotherapy.…”

Accessibility, inclusivity, and implementation of COVID-19 clinical management guidelines early in the pandemic: a global survey by Pilbeam, C, Malden, D, Newell, K, Dagens, A, Kennon, K, Michelen, M, Gobat, N, Sigfrid, L

“…<br><strong> Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight important gaps in COVID-19 CMG development and implementation challenges during a pandemic, particularly affecting at-risk populations and lower resourced settings. …”