The effects and costs of an anti-bullying program (KiVa) in UK primary schools: a multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial by Badger, JR, Bowes, L, Babu, M, Broome, M, Cannings-John, R, Clarkson, S, Coulman, E, Tudor Edwards, R, Ford, T, Hastings, RP, Hayes, R, Lugg-Widger, F, Owen-Jones, E, Patterson, P, Segrott, J, Sydenham, M, Townson, J, Watkins, RC, Whiteley, H, Williams, ME, Stand Together Team, Hutchings, J

“…Outcomes were analyzed using multilevel linear and logistic regression models. <p><b>Findings </b></p> Between 8/11/2019–12/02/2021, 118 primary schools were recruited in four trial sites, 11 111 students in primary analysis (KiVa-intervention: n = 5944; 49.6% female; UP: n = 5167, 49.0% female). …”

Imagined futures and relational agency in nurses' writing transitions: a qualitative study across two writing group interventions in a higher education setting by Waite, M

“…Becoming an active agent was contingent on supervisory support and cultivating and enacting know-who to align what mattered with others to develop common knowledge about disciplinary writing concepts. The findings revealed the potential to develop writers’ identities to help them change the status quo towards an imagined future. …”

Microbial communities: network reconstruction and control by Fu, A

“…</p> <p>The thesis concludes with a summary of the research findings, discussing the limitations and potential future directions. …”

Unravelling the degradation pathways and charging mechanism in the Li-O2 battery: the role of singlet oxygen by Zor, C

“…It is demonstrated that ¹O₂ is not the main source of degradation and fresh Li₂O₂ surfaces is the culprit. This finding should redirect the focus of LOB research from avoiding ¹O₂ to developing electrolytes inert towards peroxide and peroxide-derived side products for an electro/chemically stable cell. …”

Frailty trajectories preceding dementia in the US and UK by Ward, DD, Flint, JP, Littlejohns, TJ, Foote, IF, Canevelli, M, Wallace, LMK, Gordon, EH, Llewellyn, DJ, Ranson, JM, Hubbard, RE, Rockwood, K, Stolz, E

“…</p> <p><strong>Conclusions and Relevance: </strong>These findings suggest that frailty measurements may be used to identify high-risk population groups for preferential enrolment into clinical trials for dementia prevention and treatment. …”

Accuracy and safety of an autonomous artificial intelligence clinical assistant conducting telemedicine follow-up assessment for cataract surgery by Meinert, E, Milne-Ives, M, Lim, E, Higham, A, Boege, S, de Pennington, N, Bajre, M, Mole, G, Normando, E, Xue, K

“…This study is registered with&nbsp;ClinicalTrials.gov&nbsp;(NCT05213390) and ISRCTN (16038063).</p> <p><strong>Findings:&nbsp;</strong>202 patients were included in the analysis, with data collection completed on 23 March 2022. …”

An external validation of the QCovid risk prediction algorithm for risk of mortality from COVID-19 in adults: a national validation cohort study in England by Nafilyan, V, Humberstone, B, Mehta, N, Diamond, I, Coupland, C, Lorenzi, L, Pawelek, P, Schofield, R, Morgan, J, Brown, P, Lyons, R, Sheikh, A, Hippisley-Cox, J

“…Using predicted 90-day risk of COVID-19 death, we calculated r2 values, Brier scores, and measures of discrimination and calibration with corresponding 95% CIs over the two time periods. <p><strong>Findings</strong></p> We included 34 897 648 adults aged 19–100 years resident in England. 26 985 (0·08%) COVID-19 deaths occurred during the first period and 13 177 (0·04%) during the second. …”

Mortality rates among patients successfully treated for hepatitis C in the era of interferon-free antivirals: population based cohort study by Hamill, V, Wong, S, Benselin, J, Krajden, M, Hayes, PC, Mutimer, D, Yu, A, Dillon, JF, Gelson, W, Velásquez García, HA, Yeung, A, Johnson, P, Barclay, ST, Alvarez, M, Toyoda, H, Agarwal, K, Fraser, A, Bartlett, S, Aldersley, M, Bathgate, A, Binka, M, Richardson, P, Morling, JR, Ryder, SD, Barnes, E

“…Drug and liver related causes of death were the main drivers of excess mortality. These findings highlight the need for continued support and follow-up after successful treatment for hepatitis C to maximise the impact of direct acting antivirals.…”

Enhanced rice (Oryza sativa L.) plant growth and nutrient contents during the vegetative stage through zinc solubilizing bacterial bead inoculation by Irsyad Sulaimi Ramly, Nur Maizatul Idayu Othman, Aida Soraya Shamsuddin, Tan, Ali Kee Zuan, Nor Hafizah Zakaria, Fadzilah Adibah Abdul Majid, Nur’ Amira Hamid

“…Mixed inoculant also improved soil fertility by increasing the available Zn (6.17 mg kg-1) in the soil, however, it lowered the soil pH to pH 5.8. These findings highlight the potential of ZSB, particularly A. nosocomialis (SR R-10), to improve rice plant’s growth and nutritional quality and increase the bioavailability of zinc in the soil to promote sustainable agricultural practices.…”
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Fabrication and biocompatibility evaluation of hydroxyapatite–polycaprolactone–gelatin composite nanofibers as a bone scaffold by Aminatun, None, Sujak M. K, Aisyah, Izak R, Djony, Hadi, Sofijan, Sari, Yessie Widia, Gunawarman, None, Cahyati, Nilam, Yusuf, Yusril, Che Abdullah, Che Azurahanim

“…The SEM analysis confirmed the biocompatibility of the HA/PCL/gelatin nanofiber scaffold, as osteoblast cells attached and dispersed successfully five days after seeding. Based on these findings, the HA/PCL/gelatin nanofiber scaffold emerges as a very promising candidate for treating bone damage. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.…”
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Effects of multilingualism on brain structure, cognition and language processing by Yee, Jia’en

“…This is despite multilingualism being a common phenomenon in many parts of the world. Findings from past bilingual studies have shown patterns of volumetric expansions that are followed with reductions as language experience increases; possibly signifying renormalisation. …”
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Infection patterns of scabies and tinea between inland and resettled indigenous Negrito communities in peninsular Malaysia by Er, Yi Xian, Than, Leslie Thian Lung, Muslim, Azdayanti, Yap, Nan Jiun, Tee, Mian Zi, Abdull-Majid, Nurmanisha, Lee, Soo Ching, Shahrizal, Shezryna, Lim, Yvonne Ai Lian

“…Risk analysis revealed specific associations: scabies with Kensiu subtribe (P = 0.002), high income (P = 0.001) and underweight individuals (P = 0.009); tinea versicolor with Bateq subtribe (P = 0.003), resettled villagers (P < 0.001), males (P = 0.040), and overweight/obese individuals (P = 0.015); and tinea imbricata with Bateq (P = 0.011) and smokers (P = 0.004). These findings highlight a complex interplay between environment and lifestyle in skin infection prevalence. …”
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Enhanced rice (Oryza sativa L.) plant growth and nutrient contents during the vegetative stage through zinc solubilizing bacterial bead inoculation by Ramly, Irsyad Sulaimi, Othman, Nur Maizatul Idayu, Shamsuddin, Aida Soraya, Zuan, Ali Tan Kee, Zakaria, Nor Hafizah, Abdul Majid, Fadzilah Adibah, Hamid, Nur’ Amira

“…Mixed inoculant also improved soil fertility by increasing the available Zn (6.17 mg kg-1) in the soil, however, it lowered the soil pH to pH 5.8. These findings highlight the potential of ZSB, particularly A. nosocomialis (SR R-10), to improve rice plant’s growth and nutritional quality and increase the bioavailability of zinc in the soil to promote sustainable agricultural practices.…”
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Tea leaf [Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze] extract-synthesized silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent against foodborne pathogens by Loo, Yuet Ying

“…This is the first report to demonstratethat the application of AgNPs in washing-up liquid has significant antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens. Overall, the findings show that AgNPs have strong antibacterial activity and can be an alternative antimicrobial agent.…”
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Machine learning, IoT and 5G technologies for breast cancer studies: A review by Saroğlu, Havva Elif, Shayea, Ibraheem, Saoud, Bilal, Azmi, Marwan Hadri, El-Saleh, Ayman A., Saad, Sawsan Ali, Mohammad Alnakhli, Mohammad Alnakhli

“…The present study aims to examine various classifiers utilized in ML and DL methodologies for the purpose of diagnosing BC. Research findings have demonstrated that DL has superior performance compared to standard ML methods in the context of BC diagnosis, particularly when the dataset is extensive. …”
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Towards the Realization of National Automotive Policy (NAP): Modelling the Malaysian Consumers’ Purchase Behavioral Intention towards Energy Efficient Vehicles (EEVs) (S/O 14165) by Mohd Noor, Nor Azila, Mohd Fadhil, Faudziah Hanim, Md Isa, Filzah, Salleh, Hayatul Safrah, Muhammad, Azli

“…Consumers’ attitudes mediate the relationships between functional value, emotional value and novelty value and consumers’ behavioural intention to purchase energy efficient vehicle. The findings of this study show that brand preference does not perform any moderating role on the relationship between consumers’ attitudes and purchase behavioural intention, which means that brand preference has no influence on association between consumers’ attitudes and purchase behavioural intention. …”
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Agarwood oil grade clustering of aquilaria malaccensis species using Extraction by GC-MS analysis: Efficient KNN algorithm based on patterns visualization of two-dimensional graph by Siti Mariatul Hazwa, Mohd Huzir, Anis Hazirah ‘Izzati H., Al-Hadi, Amir Hussairi, Zaidi, Nurlaila F., Ismail, Zakiah, Mohd Yusoff, Saiful Nizam, Tajuddin, Mohd Nasir, Taib

“…The agarwood oil sample data were categorized into low, medium-low, medium-high and high grades. The findings show that KNN yielded 100% accuracy. Then, 2D graph was applied to plot the sample visualization pattern parallel with KNN accuracy. …”
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Integrated Assessment of Diclofenac Biotransformation, Pharmacokinetics, and Omics-Based Toxicity in a Three-Dimensional Human Liver-Immunocompetent Coculture System by Large, Emma, Hughes, David J., Sarkar, Ujjal, Ravindra, Kodihalli C., Young, Carissa L., Rivera-Burgos, Dinelia, Yu, Jiajie, Cirit, Murat, Wishnok, John S, Lauffenburger, Douglas A, Griffith, Linda G, Tannenbaum, Steven R

“…Kupffer cell–mediated cytokine release recapitulated an in vivo proinflammatory response exemplified by a cohort of 11 cytokines that were differentially regulated after lipopolysaccharide induction, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, and IL-5. In summary, our findings indicate that three-dimensional liver microphysiological systems may serve as preclinical investigational platforms from the perspective of the discovery of a set of clinically relevant biomarkers including potential reactive metabolites, endogenous bile acids, excreted proteins, and cytokines to predict early drug-induced liver toxicity in humans.…”
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Food environments and obesity: a geospatial analysis of the South Asia Biobank, income and sex inequalities by Atanasova, Petya, Kusuma, Dian, Pineda, Elisa, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, De Silva, Laksara, Hanif, Abu A. M., Hasan, Mehedi, Hossain, Md Mokbul, Indrawansa, Susantha, Jayamanne, Deepal, Jha, Sujeet, Kasturiratne, Anuradhani, Katulanda, Prasad, Khawaja, Khadija I., Kumarendran, Balachandran, Mrida, Malay K., Rajakaruna, Vindya, Chambers, John Campbell, Frost, Gary, Sassi, Franco, Miraldo, Marisa

“…Multivariate regression models were used to assess association of exposure to healthy and unhealthy food environments on waist circumference, BMI, and probability of obesity for the total sample and stratified by sex and income. Findings: The presence of a higher share of supermarkets in the neighbourhood was associated with a reduction in body size (BMI, β = - 3∙23; p < 0∙0001, and waist circumference, β = −5∙99; p = 0∙0212) and obesity (Average Marginal Effect (AME): −0∙18; p = 0∙0009). …”
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Growth hormone increases BDNF and mTOR expression in specific brain regions after photothrombotic stroke in mice by Sanchez-Bezanilla, Sonia, Beard, Daniel J., Hood, Rebecca J., Åberg, N. David, Crock, Patricia, Walker, Frederick R., Nilsson, Michael, Isgaard, Jörgen, Ong, Lin Kooi

“…Upregulation of total-mTOR protein expression in the peri-infarct and thalamus suggests that this might be a pathway that is involved in the neurorestorative effects previously reported in these animals and warrants further investigation. These findings suggest region-specific mechanisms of action of GH treatment and provide further understanding for how GH treatment promotes neurorestorative effects after stroke.…”
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