Personalized question recommendation for English grammar learning by Fang, Lanting, Tuan, Luu Anh, Hui, Siu Cheung, Wu, Lenan

“…Previous recommendation systems for learning English mainly focused on recommending reading materials and vocabulary. …”
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Stochastic optimization model for water allocation on a watershed scale considering wetland’s ecological water requirement by Xu, Ye, Wang, Yu, Li, Sha, Huang, Guohe, Dai, Chao

“…Compared with the current operational scheme for water supply, the proposed method could lead to decreased water supply amount at a lower total cost. This is mainly because the design and implementation of existing water supply schemes are dependent on empirical experience and subjective judgment. …”
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Environmental and social factors influencing the spatiotemporal variation of archaeological sites during the historical period in the Heihe River basin, northwest China by Shi, Zhilin, Chen, Tingting, Storozum, Michael J., Liu, Fengwen

“…In the Western Xia-Yuan period (AD 1038–1368), people mainly settled in the lower reaches of the Heihe River basin and only returned to the middle reaches of the Heihe River basin during the Ming and Qing dynasties (AD 1368–1912). …”
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Microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D-printed EH36 high strength low carbon steel by Peh, Zhi Hao

“…Thus, in this project, the objective seeks to explore the microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D printed high strength low carbon steel printed using the direct laser deposition. This project mainly focuses on one material, ASTM A131 EH36, printed with wire used as the type of material deposition. …”
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Ecocement for beach erosion control by Chua, Xue Ning

“…Hard solutions have negative effects on the environment while soft solutions mainly work well as temporary measures. Therefore, a new approach, Ecocement, was proposed and investigated in this project. …”
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Thermal volume change of saturated clays: a fully coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical finite element implementation by Wang, Hao, Qi, Xiaohui

“…The former two mechanisms mainly contribute to the thermal expansion of heavily overconsolidated clays, whereas the latter two contribute to the noticeable thermal contraction of normally consolidated and lightly overconsolidated clays. …”
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Radiation and energy budget dynamics associated with a floating photovoltaic system by Yang, Peipei, Chua, Lloyd H. C., Irvine, K. N., Imberger, Jorg

“…Heat budget analysis showed that the thermal dynamics under the PV panels is mainly controlled by the longwave radiation from the PV panels and reduction in latent heat flux. …”
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Business contingency and continuity plan by maritime firms in Singapore - part B: maritime services sector by Matin Ahmad Bin Kamal

“…Maritime services companies face many hurdles in their application, mainly resource constraints, risk culture and the inability to predict future events. …”
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Orientational beamforming via a modified RBF neural network for orientational UWB interference rejection by Han, Jiangyan, Ng, Boon Poh, Er, Meng Hwa

“…The RBF neural network is selected mainly because of its simple structure, convenient training process, and fast convergence speed. …”
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Contentious consensus: challenges of diversity to identity-based language policies by Jain, Ritu

“…Language policies in Singapore have long served as tools for the management of its linguistic diversity comprising mainly the Chinese, Malay, and Indian vernaculars. …”
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The third imperative: framework for the relational values of nature by Tan, Rebecca Si En

“…This framework is then tested empirically through 30 surveys in a Singapore park and analysed mainly through a qualitative approach of thematic analysis. …”
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CT sigma delta ADC for audio applications by Hnin, Hnin Soe.

“…On the system level, a low-power, mainly feed-forward architecture is used to realize the loop filter. …”
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An FPGA-based real-time drone detection system by Cui, Kaixiang

“…The work in this paper mainly consists of two parts. The first is on the software aspect, involving the algorithmic implementation of drone detection. …”
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Solar vehicle to grid simulation model by Lim, Yihn Shin.

“…Due to global warming caused mainly by the greenhouse gases emitted from burning of fuels and the increasing prices of oil, there is a need for Singapore to push for alternative renewable energy substitute and cut down on emissions. …”
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Fabrication of composite FO hollow fiber membranes by co-spinning process – preliminary investigation on properties of the support layer by Cwa, Jackson Xing Long

“…These 3 systems are used to determine mainly viscosity and cloud point. It was found that the viscosity of the dope solution increased when the additives were added, and that the additives were observed to have the effect of increasing the polymer concentration needed to reach a point where a steep increase in the viscosity of the dope solution can be observed; the point that suggests significant chain entanglement occurring in the dope solution.…”
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Single antenna power measurements based direction finding : an FRI solution by Zhang, Song Bai

“…The conventional methodology used to determine the AoA mainly uses the an- tenna array as an acquisition system, and there are many signal process algorithms developed to retrieve the direction of arrival information. …”
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Synthesis and characterization of nanostructures-graphene hybrid system. by Lee, Xin Ying.

“…Structural characterization was done mainly using Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). …”
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Quantifying and analysing the non-collective bargaining benefits of NTUC by Neo, Aaron Chun Boon

“…An index was developed and provided evidence for non-members potentially reaping more benefits (if they were to join as union members) than members mainly because the type of benefits offered by NTUC resonates better with non-members who place higher significance on these benefits. …”
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Fabrication and application of conductive biosurfaces. by Chen, Hailan.

“…In our research, we had mainly focused on the surface modification of neural electrodes with nanostructured coatings consisting of conductive polymers and/or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with the aim to overcome the existing challenges and explore possible solutions to improve the electrode performance, e.g. lowering the interfacial impedance, enhancing the charge transfer capability, extending the electrode life time, and improving the cell-electrode integration. …”
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Jurong Island groundwater study : hydrological and hydraulic investigations by Wong, Shao Jie.

“…A pilot test study was carried out on Jurong Island mainly in reclaimed area from August to October 2010. …”
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