Tunable anti-ambipolar vertical bilayer organic electrochemical transistor enable neuromorphic retinal pathway by Laswick, Zachary, Wu, Xihu, Surendran, Abhijith, Zhou, Zhongliang, Ji, Xudong, Matrone, Giovanni Maria, Leong, Wei Lin, Rivnay, Jonathan

“…The vertical OECT design reduces device footprint, while the bilayer material tuning controls the anti-ambipolarity characteristics, allowing control of the device's on and off threshold voltages, and peak position, while reducing size thereby enabling tunable threshold spiking neurons and logic gates. Combining these components, a mimic of the retinal pathway reproducing the wavelength and light intensity encoding of horizontal cells to spiking retinal ganglion cells is demonstrated. …”
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Investigating the potential of axonopus compressus to phytoremediate molybdenum by Eng, Zhi Xian

“…Mo accumulation in dry tissue of AC peaked in Week 1 and gradually decreased with time. Control AC and pots spiked with more than 20 ppm exhibited stunted growth two weeks after treatment. …”
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An on-nanoparticle rolling-circle amplification platform for ultrasensitive protein detection in biological fluids by Yan, Juan, Song, Shiping, Li, Bing, Zhang, Qingzhi, Huang, Qing, Zhang, Hua, Fan, Chunhai

“…The nanoRCA assay is applicable to the detection of two tumor markers in biological fluids: prostate-specific antigen in spiked sera and interleukin-8 in saliva.…”
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Microfluidic platform for negative enrichment of circulating tumor cells by Sajay, Bhuvanendran Nair Gourikutty, Chang, Chia-Pin, Ahmad, Hamizah, Khuntontong, Puttachat, Wong, Chee Chung, Wang, Zhiping, Puiu, Poenar Daniel, Soo, Ross, Rahman, Abdur Rub Abdur

“…This negative enrichment method employs upstream immunomagnetic depletion to deplete CD45-positive WBCs followed by a microfabricated filter membrane to perform chemical-free RBC depletion and target cells isolation. Experiments of spiking two cell lines, MCF-7 and NCI-H1975, in the whole blood show an average of >90 % cell recovery over a range of spiked cell numbers. …”
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Exposure to Pb-halide perovskite nanoparticles can deliver bioavailable Pb but does not alter endogenous gut microbiota in zebrafish by Patsiou, Danae, del Rio-Cubilledo, Cristina, Catarino, Ana Isabel, Summers, Stephen, Afiq Mohd Fahmi, Boyle, David, Fernandes, Teresa F., Henry, Theodore B.

“…Induction of mt2 and reduction of ala-d expression levels in liver tissues showed Pb bioavailability after 2-d and 4-d dietary exposure to perovskite-spiked feeds. Changes in gut microbiota of adult zebrafish were detected after 14-d exposure to Pb-spiked food, but no changes were detected from perovskite-NP spiked food. …”
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Calcined bone provides a reliable substrate for strontium isotope ratios as shown by an enrichment experiment by Snoeck, C, Lee-Thorp, J, Schulting, R, de Jong, J, Debouge, W, Mattielli, N

“…<p><b>Results</b></p> The strontium isotopic ratios of all samples immersed in the spiked solution were strongly modified showing that significant amounts of strontium had been adsorbed or incorporated. …”

Application of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to determine free fatty acid contents in palm olein by Che Man, Y.B., Setiowaty, G.

“…This set was prepared by spiking increasing amounts of oleic acid into a series of palm oleins that covers a wide range of FFA (0.08-1.04%). …”
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Universality for the largest eigenvalue of sample covariance matrices with general population by Bao, Zhigang, Pan, Guangming, Zhou, Wang

“…Moreover, in the real case, we show that when E is spiked with a fixed number of subcritical spikes, the type 1 Tracy—Widom limit TWi holds for the normalized largest eigenvalue of WN, which extends a result of Féral and Péché in [J. …”
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High Rake Angle Orthogonal Machining of Highly Ordered Pyrolytic Graphite Parallel to the Basal Plane by Jayasena, B., Subbiah, S., Reddy, C. D.

“…Evidence of flat, folded, and rolled structures were found in exfoliated graphite sheets in addition to defects such as two types of kink bands. Multiple spikes in measured cutting forces were seen during machining due to disturbances in tool movement. …”
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Towards an optimal and unbiased approach for tumor cell isolation by Sajay, Bhuvanendran Nair Gourikutty, Chang, Chia-Pin, Ahmad, Hamizah, Chung, Wong Chee, Puiu, Poenar Daniel, Rahman, Abdur Rub Abdur

“…This approach achieves an average of >90 % recovery of spiked tumor cells and >99 % total WBC depletion in whole blood across multiple cell lines, in a simple and easy-to-use assay. …”
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Self healable neuromorphic memtransistor elements for decentralized sensory signal processing in robotics by John, Rohit Abraham, Tiwari, Naveen, Muhammad Iszaki Patdillah, Kulkarni, Mohit Rameshchandra, Tiwari, Nidhi, Basu, Joydeep, Bose, Sumon Kumar, Ankit, Yu, Chan Jun, Nirmal, Amoolya, Vishwanath, Sujaya Kumar, Bartolozzi, Chiara, Basu, Arindam, Mathews, Nripan

“…The proposed system comprises self-healable materials and memtransistors as enabling technologies for the implementation of neuromorphic nociceptors, spiking local associative learning and communication. …”
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Characterization of hippocampal CA1 place cells. by Lau, Hwee Hui.

“…Most of the neurons had stable firing across sessions recorded in both familiar and novel environments, while some showing selective discharged of spikes in either one of the environments tested. The data recorded had provided spatial-temporal pattern for study of neuronal activities of physiologically identified place cells residing in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal layer.…”
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Disturbance detection in the MV and the LV distribution networks using time-domain method by Ukil, Abhisek

“…These are typically reflected in the time-domain as spikes in the square wave, without requiring any frequency analysis. …”
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Application of FTIR spectroscopy in determining sesamol in sesame seed oil by Mirghani, M. E. S., Che Man, Y. B., Jinap, S., Baharin, B. S., Bakar, J.

“…A new analytical method was developed for determining sesamol in sesame seed oil by FTIR spectroscopy. Sesamol was also spiked at 0 to 1000 mg/kg in freshly refined, bleached, and deodorized palm olein (RBDPOo) and groundnut (peanut) oil. …”
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Stability of peptide nucleic acid influenced by peptoid-like sidechains : MD simulation study. by Yeo, Sven Hwea Jie.

“…Solvent accessible surface of the modified base-pair experienced spikes in values during the 40ns simulations and solvation shells of the base-pair situated close to APS were disrupted up to 33%. …”
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Hodgkin–huxley artificial synaptic membrane based on protonic/electronic hybrid neuromorphic transistors by Fu, Yang Ming, Wan, Chang Jin, Zhu, Li Qiang, Xiao, Hui, Chen, Xiao Dong, Wan, Qing

“…By using protonic/electronic hybrid oxide transistor configuration, dynamic synaptic membrane potential responses are triggered with gate current spikes. Typical resting potential, excitatory/inhibitory postsynaptic potential behaviors, and membrane depolarization/activation behaviors are mimicked on the proposed Hodgkin–Huxley artificial synaptic membrane. …”
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Study on the regulation of focal adesions and cortical actin by matrix nanotopography in 3D environment by Han, Jingjing, Lin, Keng-Hui, Chew, Lock Yue

“…After culturing rat embryonic fibroblast cells in two kinds of scaffold, one with smooth surface and the other with numerous nano-spikes, we observed that cells in the smooth scaffold have more anchoring sites and more focal adhesions than in the etched scaffold. …”
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Lead federated neuromorphic learning for wireless edge artificial intelligence by Yang, Helin, Lam, Kwok-Yan, Xiao, Liang, Xiong, Zehui, Hu, Hao, Niyato, Dusit, Poor, H. Vincent

“…This paper proposes a lead federated neuromorphic learning (LFNL) technique, which is a decentralized energy-efficient brain-inspired computing method based on spiking neural networks. The proposed technique will enable edge devices to exploit brain-like biophysiological structure to collaboratively train a global model while helping preserve privacy. …”
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A bi-functional three-terminal memristor applicable as an artificial synapse and neuron by Liu, Lingli, Dananjaya, Putu Andhita, Ang, Calvin Ching Ian, Koh, Eng Kang, Lim, Gerard Joseph, Poh, Han Yin, Chee, Mun Yin, Lee, Calvin Xiu Xian, Lew, Wen Siang

“…Due to their significant resemblance to the biological brain, spiking neural networks (SNNs) show promise in handling spatiotemporal information with high time and energy efficiency. …”
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Amplified spontaneous emission from single CdS nanoribbon with low symmetric cross sections by Zou, Bing Suo, Fan, Hai Ming, Olivo, Malini, Xu, Xin Long, Wang, Jian Xiong, Jing, Guang Yin, Shen, Zexiang

“…Morphology dependent micro-region photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy is employed to show Purcell effect along different low symmetry cross sections. Spikes on the PL spectra reveal that local density of optical modes increases when the mode match happens between optical cavity and spontaneous emission. …”
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