Biomechanical Study of Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Review by Muhammad Huzaifah Azmi, Muhammad Huzaifah Azmi, Muhammad Hazli Mazlan, Muhammad Hazli Mazlan, NurSalihaMd Salleh, NurSalihaMd Salleh, Hiromitsu Takano, Hiromitsu Takano, Muhammad Hilmi Jallil, Muhammad Hilmi Jallil, Muhammad Anas Razali, Muhammad Anas Razali, Abdul Halim Abdullah, Abdul Halim Abdullah

“…Degenerative disc disease is a spinal disorder in which the vertebral disc helps protect nerves and increase spine flexibility that begins to deteriorate. The syndromehappens in the lumbar spine, which is crucial in supporting the weight of the human body. …”
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Biomechanical evaluation and new improvement on ankle external fixator by Ramlee, Muhammad Hanif

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Low-loss paper-substrate triple-band-frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna for sub-7 GHz applications by Singh, Ajit Kumar, Mahto, Santosh Kumar, Sinha, Rashmi, Alibakhshikenari, Mohammad, Al-Gburi, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah, Ahmad, Ashfaq, Kouhalvandi, Lida, Virdee, Bal Singh, Dalarsson, Mariana

“…In this paper, a low-cost resin-coated commercial-photo-paper substrate is used to design a printed reconfigurable multiband antenna. The two PIN diodes are used mainly to redistribute the surface current that provides reconfigurable properties to the proposed antenna. …”
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Biomechanical analysis of posterior lumbar interbody aages by Lekthumi, Amutha, Mazlan, Muhammad Hazli, Ahmad, Ida Laila, Abdullah, Abdul Halim, Abd Jalil, Muhammad Hilmi

“…This procedure restores disc height, enlarges the stenotic foramen, stabilises the spine, and provides mechanical strength between vertebrae.…”
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Measurement and modelling of operational amplifier power supply rejection by Brinson, Mike, Faulkner, D. J.

“…Measured results for 741 and pin-compatible operational amplifiers are tabulated. …”
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Photonic controlled metasurface for intelligent antenna beam steering applications including 6G mobile communication systems by Muqdad, Zainab S., Alibakhshikenari, Mohammad, Elwi, Taha A., Hassain, Zaid A. Abdul, Virdee, Bal Singh, Sharma, Richa, Khan, Salahuddin, Tokan, Nurhan Türker, Livreri, Patrizia, Falcone, Francisco, Limiti, Ernesto

“…This paper presents a novel metasurface antenna whose radiation characteristics can be remotely controlled by optical means using PIN photodiodes. The proposed reconfigurable antenna is implemented using a single radiating element to minimize the size and complexity. …”
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Design and Implementation of Active Antennas for IoT-Based Healthcare Monitoring System by MUSA, UMAR, MOHD SHAH, SHAHARIL, A. MAJID, HUDA, MAHADI, ISMAIL AHMAD, A. RAHIM, MOHAMAD KAMAL, YAHYA, MUHAMMAD SANI, ZAINAL ABIDIN, ZUHAIRIAH

“…Two dual-band (2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz) microstrip patch antennas, one with a PIN diode and one without, are fabricated using Rogers Duroid RO3003™ substrate. …”
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Design and Implementation of Active Antennas for IoT-Based Healthcare Monitoring System by MUSA, UMAR, MOHD SHAH, SHAHARIL, A. MAJID, HUDA, AHMAD MAHADI, ISMAIL, A. RAHIM, MOHAMAD KAMAL, YAHYA, MUHAMMAD SANI, ZAINAL ABIDIN, ZUHAIRIAH

“…Two dual-band (2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz) microstrip patch antennas, one with a PIN diode and one without, are fabricated using Rogers Duroid RO3003™ substrate. …”
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Design and Implementation of Active Antennas for IoT-Based Healthcare Monitoring System by MUSA, UMAR, MOHD SHAH, SHAHARIL, A. MAJID, HUDA, MAHADI, ISMAIL AHMAD, A. RAHIM, MOHAMAD KAMAL, YAHYA, MUHAMMAD SANI, ZAINAL ABIDIN, ZUHAIRIAH

“…Two dual-band (2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz) microstrip patch antennas, one with a PIN diode and one without, are fabricated using Rogers Duroid RO3003™ substrate. …”
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Intelligent network design driven by big data analytics, IoT, AI and cloud computing by Kumar, Sunil, Mapp, Glenford, Cengiz, Korhan

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3rd order coupled-resonator bandpass filter assisted by Groove Gap-Waveguide technology for 26-GHz radio link diplexer by Alibakhshikenari, Mohammad, Parand, Peiman, Zidour, Ali, Virdee, Bal Singh, Longhi, Patrick, See, Chan Hwang, Limiti, Ernesto

“…Its unit-cells consist of a rectangular metal-pin which is connected to a bottom metal plate and its other side is electromagnetically coupled to a top plate with an air-gap of approximately λ/4 that creates a bandgap, preventing unwanted electromagnetic-wave propagation. …”
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Frequency reconfigurable substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity F-shaped slot antenna by AL-Fadhali, Najib, A Majid, Huda, Omar, Rosli, Mokhtar, Mohd Hezri, Abo Mosali, Najmaddin

“…Configurability is accomplished by embeddings PIN diode switches in the 'F' slot. The proposed antenna is equipped for exchanging between working band of 3.172 GHz to 3.606 GHz in four different narrow bands and it underpins the cognitive system for LTE2300, WiMAX and WLAN. …”
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Smart home control system design using internet of things based energy harvesting technology by Silalahi, Lukman Medriavin, Indrawan, Muhammad Rafi, Budiyanto, Setiyo, Hanafi, Dirman, Abdul Hamid, Abdul Hamid, Ronaldo, Davit

“…The objective of this research is to provide security for homeowners by facilitating fingerprints and PIN (Personal Identification Numbers) in entering the house, then in the event of a power outage, it activates the function of energy harvesting technology. …”
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Analysis re-entrant honeycomb auxetic structure for Lumbar vertebrae using finite element analysis by Zulkefli, Ai’man A’siqin, Mazlan, Muhammad Hazli, Takano, Hiromitsu, Abdullah, Abdul Halim, Jalil, Muhammad Hilmi, Mazlan, Mohammad Azeeb

“…In this study, FEA was applied using Mechanical Finder software (MF) to develop a 3D spine model lumbar vertebrae of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae (L4 - L5) with the interbody cage design. …”
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Substrate integrated waveguide cavity backed frequency reconfigurable antenna for cognitive radio applies to internet of things applications by AL-Fadhali, Najib, A. Majid, Huda, Omar, Rosli, H. Dahlan, Samsul, Ashyap, Adel Y. I., M. Shah, Shaharil, A. Rahim, Mohamad K., F. Esmail, Bashar A.

“…Reconfiguration of frequency bands is achieved using PIN diodes. The antenna resonated at 2.624, 2.664, 2.720, 2.752, 4.304, 4.532, 4.556, 5.236, 5.304, 5.368, 5.332, and 5.392 GHz. …”
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Electronically reconfigurable and conformal triband antenna for wireless communications systems and portable devices by Hussain, Musa, Ali, Esraa Mousa, Awan, Wahaj Abbas, Hussain, Niamat, Alibakhshikenari, Mohammad, Virdee, Bal Singh, Falcone, Francisco

“…This is achieved by connecting two open-ended stubs to a modified triangular patch radiator using PIN diodes. The antenna’s performance was optimized using a 3D electromagnetic solver and its performance was verified through measurements. …”
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A Novel MIMO antenna integrated with a solar panel and employing AI-equalization for 5G wireless communication networks by Hussein, Humam, Elmunim, Nouf Abd, Atasoy, Ferhat, Virdee, Bal Singh, Elwi, Taha A., Rashid, Nasr, Jayanthi, Renu Karthick Rajaguru, Alibakhshikenari, Mohammad, Limiti, Ernesto

“…We demonstrate that the directivity of this antenna array can be precisely electronically reconfigured using PIN diode switches. Additionally, we show the feasibility of integrating solar panels with the proposed MIMO antenna array. …”
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Design of microstrip ultra wide band antenna with two notch filters for wireless communication by Abdulhasan, Raed Abdulkareem

“…In order to add reconfigurable characteristics to the patch antenna, two copper strips are putted on the slots to represent the ON and OFF switching status of an ideal Pin diode. By using this simple switching technique, the current distribution of the patch changes and enables the antenna to have four modes of operation. …”
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Theoretical analysis of photoparametric amplifier by Mohammed Elbireki, Majdi Farag

“…The second method is to use Optiwave software in implement is the photo parametric amplifier circuit. Photo diode PIN type has been used to detect any coming signal at the receiver circuit. …”
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A comprehensive survey on ‘‘various decoupling mechanisms with focus on metamaterial and metasurface principles applicable to SAR and MIMO antenna systems’’ by Alibakhshikenari, Mohammad, Babaeian, Fatemeh, Virdee, Bal Singh, Aïssa, Sonia, Azpilicueta, Leyre, See, Chan, Althuwayb, Ayman Abdulhadi, Huynen, Isabelle, Abd-Alhameed, Raed, Falcone, Francisco, Limiti, Ernesto

“…Such techniques include the use of defected ground structure (DGS), parasitic or slot element, dielectric resonator antenna (DRA), complementary split-ring resonators (CSRR), decoupling networks, P.I.N or varactor diodes, electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures, etc. …”
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