Formation of the concept of Istiḥsan in Islamic Law by Kayadibi, Saim

“…In the process of formation of istiḥsān, the concept of qiyās (analogy) was the main factor. When the result of qiyās would cause hardship to the people, the concept of istiḥsān was applied giving preference to unconsidered evidence which may eradicate hardships. …”
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Survey on robust control of precision positioning systems by Raafat, Safanah M., Akmeliawati, Rini

“…According to the type of the control methodology applied in the reviewed literature, the paper categorizes them into seven main categories. The purpose is to emphasize the key role of advanced control techniques in improving precision, accuracy, and the speed of operation of these systems. …”
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Development of IIUM Free Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (IIUM-FWUAV) by Omar, Ashraf Ali, Kurban, Adel, Baharuddin, Khairun Nisaa, Ibrahim, Idasary

“…The free wing concept allows the wing to move freely in pitch relative to the fuselage. Its main advantage is stall avoidance which is achieved through the natural property of the airfoil. …”
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Revisit western theories in the professionalization process of teaching occupation in South-Asia by Quddus, S. M. Abdul

“…The paper argues that main western ‘traditions’ in the sociology of professions have narrowly mapped the conceptions ‘profession’ and ‘professionalization’ of occupations. …”
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Organizational noises in the modern paradigm: a carnivalesqued reading by Ahmad, Che Mahzan

“…In the ‘second world’,where the displaced other reside, noises are centrifugalised with play as its main agent. They play the subversive game of halus and kotor in the back region in order to create madness over the marginalization. …”
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A method to determine the sweep repetition frequency of the INDERA radar by Winarko, O. D., Sediono, Wahju, Lestari, A. A.

“…Both DDS and ADC required a synchronization through the Sweep Repetition Frequency (SRF) to determine the frequency tuning word, including the rising sweep ramp rate and the rising delta frequency tuning word on DDS side and the frame size on ADC side. The main purpose of this synchronization is to minimize errors when DDS is synthesizing signal and ADC is starting to acquire signal.…”
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A morphological analysis of the waterfront in city centre, Kuala Lumpur by Abdul Latip, Nurul Syala, Heath, Tim, Liew, Mohd Shahir

“…The increasing concern for a sustainable development and the significance it should have on future waterfront, places urban design - with its key concern for contextual integration – in a uniquely important position. One of the main factors in contextual integration is the morphological evolution of the place. …”
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Tendency of corruption and its determinants among public servants: a case study of Malaysia by Duasa, Jarita

“…Given its serious implications, the issue of corruption has now become the main agenda at international conferences, business gatherings and academic conferences. …”
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Mawlâna Jalâleddîn-I Rûmî the life, work and the Mawlawî order by Kayadibi, Saim, Safak, Yakup

“…This city was, at that time, one of the main central city of Khorasan region. His original name is Mohammed. …”
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Evaluating heuristic for EG portal design model by Mahmud, Murni, Che Hussin, Ab Razak, Othman, Noor Khairunnisa, Mohamed Dahlan, Halina

“…The effective use of an E-Government (EG) Portal depends on the ability of people to utilize electronic services. One of the main challenges in developing the EG Portal is selecting usability design guidelines that addressed the overall EG functions. …”
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Sources of banks’ productivity growth in a developing economy: efficiency change or technological progress? by Sufian, Fadzlan

“…We employ the output-oriented Malmquist productivity index first, proposed by Shephard (1970) to isolate efforts to catch up to the frontier (efficiency change (EFFCH)) from shifts in the frontier (technological change (TECHCH)). We also explore main sources of EFFCH: either improvements in management practices (pure technical efficiency change) or optimal size (scale efficiency change). …”
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Self-erecting inverted pendulum employing PSO for stabilizing and tracking controller by Solihin, Mahmud Iwan, Wahyudi, Martono, Akmeliawati, Rini

“…The main objective of this paper is to design a state feedback controller for stabilizing and tracking control of selferecting inverted pendulum employing intelligent method using particle swarm optimization (PSO). …”
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Organizational readiness and its contributing factors to adopt KM processes: a conceptual model by Mohamed Jalaldeen , Mohamed Razi, Abdul Karim, Nor Shariza, Mohamed, Norshidah

“…The main purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual model that can be used to assess the organizational readiness and its contributing factors for KM process adoption. …”
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The impact of secularism on religious beliefs and practices by Abdul Rahim, Adibah

“…Secularism is the most serious challenge of modernity posed by the West. Its main ideology is to liberate man from the religious and metaphysical values and expel religion from the practical aspect of man’s life. …”
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Preparation of Dense Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Ceramics using Eggshell Derived Nanopowders by Iis, Sopyan, S.A. , Mohamad, S. F., Adlina

“…X-ray diffraction analysis of nanopowders revealed the existences of hydroxyapatite (HA) as the main phase, with β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) as the second phases. …”
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'Big bang' and family values by Kamaruddin, Zaleha

“…Further elaborations of some works on post-modernism have also identified it as the main culprit for the loss of family values. .....…”
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Product liability under the Consumer Protection Act 1999 by Amin, Naemah

“…The purpose of this piece is to examine a new set of concepts introduced by the Act such as 'product', 'producer', 'defect' and the defences available to the defendant in order to assess the extent to which the new law realises its main objectives to improve the substantive position of the victims of defective products.…”
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Conciliatory Committee and Hakam (arbitrator) under the Islamic family law in Malaysia by Abdul Hak, Nora

“…The article traces in general the historical background of the IFLA 1984. The main focus of the article is on the provisions concerning the dispute resolution, which is provided for under ss 47(5) to (17) and 48 of the IFLA 1984. …”
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Shari'ah inspection of surplus distribution in Takaful operations by Soualhi, Younes

“…The first part would be devoted to revisiting the main financial concepts related to the surplus and profit. …”
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Investigation of tribological issues in microforming: a review by Ali, Mohammad Yeakub, Maleque, Md. Abdul, Banu, A., N., Atiqah

“…These processes are suitable for near net shape or even net shape production. One of the main problems encountered in microforming is the scaling effect that occurs in the tribological aspects; for example, the friction coefficient increases with decreasing specimen size. …”
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