Fast pyrolysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin : effect of operating temperature on bio-oil yield and composition and insights into the intrinsic pyrolysis chemistry by Ansari, Khursheed Badruddin, Arora, Jyotsna Sudhir, Chew, Jia Wei, Dauenhauer, Paul J., Mushrif, Samir H.

“…However, the yield and composition of bio-oil are governed by numerous pyrolysis reactions which are difficult to understand because of the multiphase decomposition phenomena with convoluted chemistry and transport effects at millisecond time scales. In this work, thin-film pyrolysis experiments of biopolymers present in the biomass (i.e., cellulose (â¼50 μm), hemicellulose (using xylan as a model biopolymer, â¼12 μm), and lignin (â¼10 μm)) were performed over 200-550 °C, to investigate underlying thermal decomposition reactions, based on the product distribution obtained under reaction-controlled operating conditions. …”
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Vertical mixing in a shallow tropical reservoir by Yang, Peipei, Fong, Derek A., Lo, Edmond Yat-Man, Monismith, Stephen G.

“…The daytime structure consisted of a thin surface mixed layer (SML) above the diurnal thermocline, an intermediate hypolimnion layer with the two thermoclines as its boundaries, and an underflow layer below the secondary thermocline. …”
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Multi-branch sandwich piezoelectric energy harvester : mathematical modeling and validation by Li, Xiangyang, Yu, Kaiping, Upadrashta, Deepesh, Yang, Yaowen

“…Using sandwich structure comprised of a soft-core layer and two thin skins can drastically reduce the natural frequency and increase voltage output of the harvester. …”
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Geometric influence of the laser-based powder bed fusion process in Ti6AL4V and AlSi10Mg by Chua, Zhong Yang, Moon, Seung Ki, Jiao, Lishi, Ahn, Il Hyuk

“…These results can be used to understand the material thermal behaviour in lattice structures with a thin or small-sized feature and serve as a design guideline to indirectly control the microstructure of a L-PBF part.…”
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Layer-by-layer aided β-cyclodextrin nanofilm for precise organic solvent nanofiltration by Li, Xin, Li, Can, Goh, Kunli, Chong, Tzyy Haur, Wang, Rong

“…Synthetic interlayers with multiple functions and structural stability have a high potential to construct novel thin film composite (TFC) membranes with demanding permselective property for precise separations. …”
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Fabrication of organic solvent nanofiltration membranes with graphene oxide - enhanced covalent organic framework via interfacial polymerization by Oor, Jia Zheng, Ong, Chi Siang, Tan, Yong Zen, Chew, Jia Wei

“…Unfortunately, the common thin film composite (TFC) - based organic solvent nanofiltration membranes often give low solvent permeance due to the dense skin layer atop the substrate. …”
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Renewable energy from livestock waste valorization: amyloid-based feather keratin fuel cells by Soon, Wei Long, Peydayesh, Mohammad, de Wild, Tym, Donat, Felix, Saran, Rinku, Müller, Christoph R., Gubler, Lorenz, Mezzenga, Raffaele, Miserez, Ali

“…Additionally, these membranes were used to generate hydrogen through water splitting and in protonic field-effect transistors as thin-film modulators of protonic conductivity via the electrostatic gating effect. …”
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Metamaterial inspired re-configurable monopole antenna for RF energy harvesting by Jagadeesan Aswin Babu

“…The antenna structure consists of a Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) feed which is connected to a rectangular monopole antenna, which is loaded with thin inductor strip and interdigital capacitive (IDC) slot. …”
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Unveiling the dual role of chemically synthesized copper doped zinc oxide for resistive switching applications by Gollu, Sankara Rao, Roy, Sounak, Banerjee, Souri, Kundu, Souvik, Boppidi, Pavan Kumar Reddy, Raj, P. Michael Preetam, Challagulla, Swapna

“…X-ray diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscope, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-VIS-near infrared spectrometer, and piezoelectric force microscopy (PFM) were employed to study the crystallinity, interfaces, chemical compositions, bandgap, and domains in Cu:ZnO thin films, respectively. The bandgap of Cu:ZnO was found to be 3.20 eV. …”
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Nutraceuticals silybin B, resveratrol, and epigallocatechin-3 gallate-bind to cardiac muscle troponin to restore the loss of lusitropy caused by cardiomyopathy mutations in vitro,... by Yang, Z, Sheehan, AM, Messer, AE, Tsui, S, Sparrow, A, Redwood, C, Kren, V, Gould, IR, Marston, SB

“…Introduction: Adrenergic activation of protein kinase A (PKA) in cardiac muscle targets the sarcolemma, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and contractile apparatus to increase contractile force and heart rate. In the thin filaments of the contractile apparatus, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) Ser22 and Ser23 in the cardiac-specific N-terminal peptide (NcTnI: residues 1 to 32) are the targets for PKA phosphorylation. …”

Securing reform? Post-election power sharing and security sector reform in Zimbabwe, Kenya, and Togo, 2006-2013 by Noyes, A

“…Traditionally used to end high-intensity civil wars, recently power sharing has increasingly been used to terminate an array of lower-intensity conflicts, such as election-related violence in Togo in 2006 and Kenya and Zimbabwe in 2008. The thin but emerging scholarship on post-election power sharing is largely negative, maintaining that the model is unlikely to deliver the institutional reforms necessary to resolve the underlying roots of electoral conflicts. …”

Ethanol sensor using tapered optical fiber coated with graphene-based nanomaterials by Girei, Saad Hayatu

“…Graphene was produced using sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) while GO was produced using the simplified Hummers method. Graphene and GO thin films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM),Raman and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopies. …”
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Single atom catalysts on MXene for carbon dioxide reduction reaction by Lee, Daryll Shzen

“…CO2 reduction testing was conducted using in-line sampling gas chromatography. Copper and zinc were the metals that most significantly enhanced the catalytic activity and selectivity of Nb2C MXene, with copper showing a stronger effect than zinc. …”
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Safeguarding PU air filter production: design innovations for risk management by Haziman, Zakaria, Faiz, Azizul, Fernando, Yudi, Diyana, Kamarudin

“…This study focuses on the PU Air Filter Production Line at a top-tier Malaysian automotive parts manufacturer. …”
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Analysis of visitors’ mobility patterns through random walk in the Louvre Museum by Yoshimura, Yuji, Sinatra, Roberta, Krebs, Anne, Ratti, Carlo

“…A random walk is a minimalistic model providing a reference line for the frequency of sequences as induced by the graph structure of the museum. …”
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Mach 3.5 Compression Corner Control Using Microvortex Generators by Gochenaur, Daniel C., Williams, Rhys D., Sabnis, Kshitij, Babinsky, Holger

“…Micro-ramp, standard ramped-vane, and inverted ramped-vane VGs all cause the separation line to ripple and become more three-dimensional, but none eliminate it altogether. …”
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Assessing Early Stage Design Sketches and Reflections on Prototyping by Das, Madhurima, Yang, Maria C

“…This study proposes a rubric for assessing the quality of novice designers’ early stage design sketches including line smoothness, proportion, and understandability. …”
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Point defect–dislocation interactions in BEOL-compatible Ge-on-Si epitaxy by Postelnicu, Eveline, Wen, Rui-Tao, Ma, Danhao, Wang, Baoming, Wada, Kazumi, Michel, Jurgen, Kimerling, Lionel C

“…Reduced thermal budget is required for back-end-of-line (BEOL) integration of application specific functionality into the multilevel metal stack of a processor “substrate.” …”
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Modular Verification of Secure and Leakage-Free Systems: From Application Specification to Circuit-Level Implementation by Athalye, Anish, Corrigan-Gibbs, Henry, Kaashoek, Frans, Tassarotti, Joseph, Zeldovich, Nickolai

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Cell activation-based screening of natively paired human T cell receptor repertoires by Fahad, Ahmed S, Chung, Cheng Yu, López Acevedo, Sheila N, Boyle, Nicoleen, Madan, Bharat, Gutiérrez-González, Matías F, Matus-Nicodemos, Rodrigo, Laflin, Amy D, Ladi, Rukmini R, Zhou, John, Wolfe, Jacy, Llewellyn-Lacey, Sian, Koup, Richard A, Douek, Daniel C, Balfour, Henry H, Price, David A, DeKosky, Brandon J

“…We then screened TCRα:β libraries expressed in an immortalized cell line using peptide-pulsed antigen-presenting cells and sequenced activated clones to identify the cognate TCRs. …”
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