Optimising the surveillance and control of communicable diseases: the effects of population heterogeneity on early outbreak transmission dynamics by Lovell-Read, F

“…In this thesis, we focus on modelling transmission dynamics in the very early stages of an infectious disease outbreak, using mathematical and computational techniques to design control mechanisms that facilitate early case detection and local containment.</p> <p>When an infectious pathogen first arrives in a susceptible population, the initial imported case(s) may lead to a major disease outbreak, or may instead fade out with only a few infections ever observed. …”

Characterisation of collagen type I/ type II composite scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering by Tamaddon, M

“…Chondroitin sulphates attached to collagen mainly by electrostatic forces, which were weakened when the collagen was made fibrillar. This interaction caused the loss of chondroitin sulphate in the cell culture media and thus a negative or no contribution to cell proliferation, but significantly increased chondrogenic differentiation. …”

Translated and culturally adapted internet-delivered cognitive therapy for social anxiety disorder in Japanese clinical settings: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial by Yoshinaga, N, Thew, G, Hayashi, Y, Tanoue, H, Nakai, M, Clark, DM

“…Therefore, this trial aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Japanese iCT-SAD when combined with treatment as usual (TAU) in clients with SAD. …”

Increased interleukin-6 correlates with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in pediatric monophasic demyelinating diseases and multiple sclerosis by Horellou, P, Wang, M, Keo, V, Chrétien, P, Serguera, C, Waters, P, Deiva, K

“…CSF C5a and IL-6 levels are increased in monophasic ADS but not in MS when compared to OND, suggesting that these markers may help to predict monophasic or relapsing fate of ADS at onset. …”

Numerical investigation of a first-stage stator turbine blade subjected to NH3–H2/air combustion flue gases by Alrebei, OF, Le Page, LM, Hewlett, S, Bicer, Y, Amhamed, A

“…The formation of the second shockwave was found to be increasingly significant for the NH3–H2/air mixture on the downstream flow when compared to a CH4/air flue gas. Furthermore, increasing the NH3–H2/air equivalence ratio improved the blade's ability to increase the average overall outlet Mach number compared to the inlet flow. …”

Impact of turbine- and farm-scale flow effects on wind farm performance by Kirby, A

“…<p>When wind turbines are placed together in a farm, they produce less power than in isolation. …”

Repurposing nitroxoline to address antibiotic resistance in the production of poultry for consumption by Zhou, Y

“…NTX-resistant mutants, when obtained, were unstable and posed a significant fitness cost. …”

Multipsychiatric comorbidity in people with epilepsy compared with people without epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Kwon, C-S, Rafati, A, Gandy, M, Scott, A, Newton, CR, Jette, N

“…Descriptive statistics and, when feasible, meta-analyses are presented. The risk of bias of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the International League Against Epilepsy tool. …”

Enhancement of lentiviral vector production through alteration of virus-cell interactions by Gelinas, J

“…Application of the screen to 89 candidate inhibitory factors identified nine genes which, when knocked-down, resulted in increased lentiviral vector production by more than 40%. …”

Monitoring and analysis of antenatal and postnatal changes in maternal vital signs by Pullon, R

“…After processing, frequency-based techniques, such as Fourier analysis and auto-regressive modelling, and time-domain peak detection were fused to estimate respiratory rate. When compared with the reference respiratory rate obtained from midwife measurement, the lowest mean absolute error of 1.16 breaths per minute was obtained from respiratory rate estimates from the <em>y</em>-axis of the gyroscope.…”

Indo-European youth priesthoods and the Männerbund theory: a study of the Vedic Vrātyas and their ancient Indo-European analogues by Elby, T

“…This study assesses the plausibility of a German ethnographic concept known as the <em>Männerbund</em>, a social institution among tribal societies, when applied to aspects of religion in ancient societies, particularly those of Greece, Germany, India, Iran, Ireland, Rome, and Scandinavia. …”

COVID-19 pandemic impact on hypertension management in North East London: an observational cohort study using electronic health records by Rison, SCG, Redfern, O, Mathur, R, Dostal, I, Carvalho, C, Raisi-Estabragh, Z, Robson, JP

“…This was paralleled by the proportion of individuals with controlled hypertension which fell from a 73% pre-pandemic peak to 50% at the end of the pandemic lockdown and improved to 60% by the end of the study. However, when excluding patients without a recent blood pressure recording, the proportions of patients with controlled hypertension increased to 81%, 80% and 78% respectively.…”

Acute seizure risk in patients with encephalitis: development and validation of clinical prediction models from two independent prospective multicentre cohorts by Wood, GK, Babar, R, Ellul, MA, Thomas, RH, Van Den Tooren, H, Easton, A, Tharmaratnam, K, Burnside, G, Alam, AM, Castell, H, Boardman, S, Collie, C, Facer, B, Dunai, C, Defres, S, Granerod, J, Brown, DWG, Vincent, A, Marson, AG, Irani, SR, Solomon, T, Michael, BD

“…<p><strong>Objective </strong></p>In patients with encephalitis, the development of acute symptomatic seizures is highly variable, but when present is associated with a worse outcome. …”

Assessment of novel pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccines in humans by Venkatraman, N

“…Both these trials showed that R21 was safe and well tolerated when administered with either adjuvant and elicited comparable humoral immune responses to RTS,S/AS01_B even at one-fifth of the dose (10μg). …”

Strain rate, temperature, and their coupled effects on the deformation process of four polycarbonates and a short glass fibre reinforced polycarbonate composite by Song, P

“…This study considers this trade-off and the combined effects of strain rate and temperature changes when describing the constitutive behaviour of polymer materials. …”

Private, non-profit, and plantation: Oil palm smallholders in management-assistance programs vary in socio-demographics, attitudes, and management practices by Reiss-Woolever, VJ, Wakhid, W, Ikhsan, M, Caliman, J, Naim, M, Azmi, EN, Shufiyan, S, Howes, J, Azmi, R, Ying Lim, Y, Abdul Jan, SZ, Barrock, I, Azhar, B, Drewer, J, Ward, C, Jones, JA, Luke, SH, Turner, EC, Hidayat, P, Buchori, D

“…The wide variety of existing management practices also provides a potentially valuable natural experiment to identify high-yield, environmentally-friendly management approaches. When taken in context, our findings may inform the interventions of management-assistance programs, ensuring they are approaching the most relevant farmer groups in the most effective way.…”

Longitudinal patterns in smoking abstinence in trials of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation: secondary analysis of data from a systematic review, with meta-analyses by Hartmann-Boyce, J, Chan, J, Zhitnik, E, Pesola, F, Hajek, P, Lindson, N

“…<p><strong> Implications</p></strong> While some have posited e-cigarettes might increase smoking relapse when used as a cessation tool, others have posited that combustible cigarette quit rates may increase over time in the same studies due to “accidental quitting.” …”

Experimental medicine study with stabilised native-like HIV-1 Env immunogens drives long-term antibody responses, but lacks neutralising breadth by Pollock, K, Cheeseman, H, McFarlane, L, Day, S, Tolazzi, M, Turner, H, Joypooranachandran, J, Shramko, K, Dispinseri, S, Mundsperger, P, Bontjer, I, Lemm, N-M, Coelho, S, Tanaka, M, Cole, T, Korber, B, Katinger, D, Ward, A, Scarlatti, G, Sanders, R, Sattentau, Q, Shattock, R

“…</p> <br> <p><strong>Interpretation:</strong> Rationally designed prefusion-stabilised native-like Env trimers are robustly immunogenic in a prime-boost schedule. When given alone they are insufficient to induce neutralising antibody titres of significant breadth, but they represent potentially valuable polishing immunogens after germline-targeting.…”

Enhancing early warning: A DNA biosensor with polyaniline/graphene nanocomposite for label-free voltammetric detection of saxitoxin-producing harmful algae by Chwan Chuong Chin, Jeremy Jason, Akbar, Muhamad Afiq, Mohd Yusof, Nurul Yuziana, Pike, Andrew, Goh, Choo Ta, Mustapha, Shuhadah, Tan, Ling Ling

“…Furthermore, Alexandrium tamiyavanichii, another toxigenic HAB species, exhibited a similar electrochemical characteristic signal to those observed with A. minutum, whilst the biosensor yielded appreciably distinctive results when subjected to a non-toxigenic microalgae species as a negative control, i.e. …”
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The perception of medical students on the usefulness of the respiratory ventilatory augmented reality (ResVAR) application for learning the respiratory system by Saat, Azmah, O.K. Rahmat, Rahmita Wirza, Ab Razak, Nur Izah, Abas, Razif, Mohd Thani, Suryati

“…Augmented reality (AR) is a revolutionary technology with potential educational applications. When contemplating use of AR applications in educational settings, the ease of use of the application should be considered. …”
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