Fabrication of frequency selective structure and evaluation of microwave transmission on energy saving glass by Lim, Huey Sia

“…Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were used to analyze the surface morphology and roughness of the SnO2 thin film. …”
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Synthesis of molten salt as heat transfer fluid for waste heat recovery application by Mohamad Redzuan, Nurul Adila

“…Thermal analyses were performed using differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These analyses were conducted to obtain the melting point, thermal stability and heat capacity of molten salt and fulfill the targeted characteristic of a heat transfer fluid. …”
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Development and characterization of treated kaolin filled polypropylene/kaolin nanocomposites by Yahaya, Shehu

“…Testing on both surface treated kaolin were carried out with the aid of Field Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Particle Size Analyser and results of both treated kaolin were compared. …”
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Development of nanocrystalline ironchromium alloy by means of sintering and ion implantation for interconnect application in high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells by Khaerudini, Deni Shidqi

“…Characterizations by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were carried out before and after each route or process to investigate the microstructure, phase change, and formation of the oxide layer. …”
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Evaluation of anti-tuberculosis potentials of selected medicinal plants in Endau Rompin, Johor, Malaysia by Sanusi, Shuaibu Babaji

“…The effect of the extract on mycobacterial cell at the cellular level was investigated upon treatment with the crude extracts via time-kill analysis, leakage of compound absorbing at 280nm, and field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The findings revealed that methanol extract of Nepenthes ampularia displayed the largest zone of inhibition (DIZ=18.67 ± 0.58 mm). …”
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Study of using three dimensional printer for EDM electrode fabrication by Hassan, Noor Haslyena

“…The materials in powder form were analyzed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) and particle size analyzer (PSA) to ensure that they fulfill the requirement for each fabrication method. …”
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Deposition of ZnO-Al (AZO) thin films for optical properties by Hussin, R., Anuar, S. Z. S., Ibharim, S. A., Kamdi, Z., Ainuddin, A. R., Harun, Z.

“…The characterization of AZO thin film were done using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). …”
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Mechanical properties of AA7075 aluminium chip reinforced rice husk silica by solid state technique by Mohd Joharudin, Nurul Farahin, Abdul Latif, Noradila, Mustapa, Mohammad Sukri, Badarulzaman, Nur Azam, Supawi, Aiman

“…Mechanical properties of MMC were obtained from hardness and compression tests, while optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for microstructural analysis of MMC samples. …”
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Phytochemical profiling and antimycobacterial activity of ethnomedically selected thottea species (aristolochiaceae) from peninsular Malaysia by Sabran, Siti Fatimah, Mohamed, Maryati, Abu Bakar, Mohd Fadzelly, Linatoc, Alona Cuevas

“…Further, the mechanism of action were described for growth curve, cellular leakage and scanning electron microscopy studies. TLC fingerprinting showed both species displayed a slight difference in phytochemical groups. …”
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Effect of rice husk silica reinforcement on recycled aa7075 aluminum chip matrix composite properties by Mohd Joharudin, Nurul Farahin

“…The properties of metal matrix composites consisting of physical tests (density, porosity and water absorption), mechanical properties (hardness and compression test) and morphology analysis (optical microstructure and scanning electron microscopy) were investigated. For physical properties, the results show that when the density of metal matrix composite is low, the percentage of porosity and water absorption increases. …”
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Optimising of Scenedesmus sp. biomass production in chicken slaughterhouse wastewater using response surface methodology and potential utilisation as fish feeds by Yaakob, Maizatul Azrina, Radin Mohamed, Radin Maya Saphira, Al-Gheethi, Adel, Tiey, Athirah, Mohd Kassim, Amir Hashim

“…The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of biomass revealed that the main functional groups included hydroxyl (OH), aldehyde (=C-H), alkanes and acyl chain groups. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis (EDS) indicated that the surface morphology and element distribution in biomass produced in BBM and CSWW were varied. …”
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Investigation on removal mechanism in catalytic aided electrical discharge machining of polycrystalline diamond by Ahmad, Muhammad Ariff Haikal

“…Two levels of full factorial with eight center points and two replication technique was used to study the influence of main and interaction effects of the machining parameter. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Raman spectroscopy and oscilloscope were used for the mechanism analysis. …”
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Microemulsions containing centella asiatica extract as antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase agent by Ghazali, Muhammad Ihsan

“…The formulated MEs were characterized for the identification of functional groups by fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal behaviour by differential scanning colorimetry (DSC), and morphology and particle size by atomic force microscopy (AFM). …”
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Study of recycled concrete aggregate as filter media for phosphorus removal in synthetic wastewater by Abd Roni, Norwardatun

“…RCA was analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to determine its chemical composition. …”
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Influence of ag-doped on magnetic and electrical transport properties in Pr0.75Na0.25MnO3 manganites by Khairulzaman, Nurul Nasuha

“…All samples have been characterized using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) as well as DC electrical resistivity and AC susceptibility measurement to clarify the influence of Ag-doped on monovalent doped manganites. …”
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Friction material (metal reinforcement) analysis of brake pad for light rail train system by Abdul Rahman, Abdul Rashid

“…The samples were analysed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with an Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS) system to determine the morphology surface and overall composition of the samples. …”
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Relationship of moulding pressure and weigh of granulate in improving the mechanical and characteristics of biopolymer from renewable resources by Abd Ghani, Mohd Khairul Zaimy

“…In general, the higher the compression moulding pressure the less void was examined, as well as the weight of granulates in the mould. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of fracture morphology surface of BP shows both ductile and brittle modes, and experiencing a ductile to brittle transition. …”
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Influence of alkali resistant (AR) glass in porcelain clay for vitrified clay pipes by Hanapi, Muhammad Ikhmal

“…The result of volume shrinkage, apparent porosity, water absorption, bulk density and flexural strength were recorded for each samples. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the microstructural morphology of samples. …”
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The characterization of mechanical behaviour on kenaf fibre / polypropylene composites by Mat Husin, Muhammad Muslimin

“…The objective of this study is to identify the effect of alkaline treatment on kenaf fibre in WPC system, to investigate the highest strength of kenaf fibre loading on mechanical properties in WPC, and to evaluate the morphology characteristics from fracture specimens related to the mechanical testing via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Specimen was fabricated via injection moulding and hydraulic hot press using kenaf fibre (KF) as filler and polypropylene (PP) as the matrix. …”
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Production of biodegradable poly lactic acid from pineapple industry wastewater by lactobacillus casei fermentation by Hassan, Saber Salem

“…Finally, the characterization of PLA was conducted by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A maximum production of 31.6 g/l LA was obtained at pH 6, 37 °C and 5% (v/v) of inoculum size. …”
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