A minimum area piston for compression ignition engines by Leach, F, Davy, M, Ayyapureddi, S, Pierson, S, San Primitivo Rodriguez, J, Sammut, G

“…The results show that, depending on the load conditions, a 1.5–4% decrease in fuel consumption is noted alongside, at some load conditions, an increase in exhaust temperature (providing extra enthalpy for a turbocharger). …”

A simulation study on interactions between defects in diamond by Chen, G

“…The GR1 centre in diamond is a common optical centre attributed to the neutral monovacancy of the carbon atom (<em>V</em>⁰). In this thesis, <em>ab initio</em> simulations are conducted to investigate the ground state electronic interaction between interstitial carbon and neutral monovacancy, interstitial carbon and negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy in diamond. …”

Supramolecular approaches to engineering cell signalling networks in artificial cells by Gartland, SA

“…</p> <br> <p><strong><em>Chapter 5</em></strong> outlines the experimental procedures employed in these works.…”

Highly nanocrystalline Mg doped ZnFe2O4 powders for rapid and simultaneous adsorption of lead, copper, and cadmium heavy metals ions in synthetic/sea waters by Al-Najar, B, Modwi, A, Shaikh, MN, Bououdina, M, Albuflasa, H, Hankins, NP

“…Accordingly, Mg-doped Zinc ferrite powders demonstrate considerable adsorption capacities for Pb+2 (143.5 mg/g), Cu+2 (117 mg/g), and Cd+2 (77 mg/g) within 2 h under optimized experimental conditions. …”

Dynamical Janus interface design for reversible and fast-charging zinc–iodine battery under extreme operating conditions by Zong, W, Li, J, Zhang, C, Dai, Y, Ouyang, Y, Zhang, L, Li, J, Zhang, W, Chen, R, Dong, H, Gao, X, Zhu, J, Parkin, IP, Shearing, PR, Lai, F, Amine, K, Liu, T, He, G

“…Moreover, the Zn||I2 full cells achieve a high-rate capability (217.1 mA h g–1 at 40 A g–1; C rate of 189.5C) at room temperature and enable stable cycling with a CE of more than 99% at −50 °C at a current density of 0.05 A g–1. …”

Interlocked host structures for anion recognition and lanthanide complexation by Li, X

“…The stability and photo physical properties of the resulting lanthanide complexes are investigated.</p> <p><b>Chapter 5</b> summarises the conclusions of this thesis.…”

The pivotal role of sleep in mediating the effects of life stressors and healthy habits on allostatic load in mid-life adults by Buller-Peralta, I, Gregory, S, Low, A, Dounavi, M, Bridgeman, K, Ntailianis, G, Lawlor, B, Naci, L, Koychev, I, Malhotra, P, O'Brien, JT, Ritchie, CW, Dauvilliers, Y, Muniz-Terrera, G

“…Methods: Structural equation models to assess the modulation of AL by either traumatic or psychosocial stressors and healthy habits were generated with data from 620 mid-life adults (age 51.3 ± 5.48 years). Model 1 included self-reported life stressors, engagement in cognitive and physical activities, resilience and a pyramid score for diet. …”

Clinical presentation and outcome of ribavirin treated RT-PCR confirmed Lassa fever patients in ISTH Irrua: a pilot study by Asogun, AD, Ochei, O, Moody, V, Abejegah, C, Okoh, E

“…Fever remains the predominant presenting feature of the disease (97.5%). Of the cases that were admitted, 41 were treated, 31 recovered and 9 died, giving a case-fatality rate of 22%. …”

Tails tell tales: chapter-wide manga transcriptions with character names by Sachdeva, R, Shin, G, Zisserman, A

“…</p> <p>To this end, we introduce: (i) Magiv2, a model that is capable of generating high-quality chapter-wide manga transcripts with named characters and significantly higher precision in speaker diarisation over prior works; (ii) an extension of the PopManga evaluation dataset, which now includes annotations for speech-bubble tail boxes, associations of text to corresponding tails, classifications of text as essential or non-essential, and the identity for each character box; and (iii) a new character bank dataset, which comprises over 11K characters from 76 manga series, featuring 11.5K exemplar character images in total, as well as a list of chapters in which they appear. …”

Volatile flavor compounds of gamma irradiated Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber) seeds by simultaneous distillation extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis by Showkat, Warda Nazneen, Khan, Naeem, Jamila, Nargis, Nishan, Umar, Minhaz, Aaliya, Dad, Waseem, Choi, Ji Yeon, Ibrahim, Mohamed A., Kim, Kyong Su

“…The Cucumis sativus (cucumber) seeds were gamma irradiated with 1, 5, 10, and 20 kGy doses and analyzed for flavor profile compounds. …”
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Modelling Malaysia air quality data using Bayesian Structural Time Series models by Aeshah Mohammed, Mohd Aftar Abu Bakar, Mahayaudin M. Mansor, Noratiqah Mohd Ariff

“…The seasonal component showed a repetition of weekly concentration patterns, while the local linear trend component showed a steady decline in PM10 and PM2.5 concentration levels in most stations. Regression analysis demonstrated that humidity and ambient temperature significantly affected air quality in most locations in Malaysia.…”
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Unveiling the diversity and ecological roles of Macrofungi in Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve, Selangor, Malaysia by Noor Aisyah Mohd Nordin, Nur Ain Izzati Mohd Zainudin, Wan Mohd Syazwan, Nor Azwady Abd Aziz, Mohd Termizi Yusof, Nurul Shazini Ramli

“…Saprophytic fungi (22 species, 81.5%) dominated the areas, and a small number of mycorrhizal (1 species, 3.7%) and parasitic (4 species, 14.8%) fungi were found. …”
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Effect of cooking method on the physicochemical properties of tomatoes by Arnida Hani Teh, Teo, Wan Ting

“…The cooking conditions used were boiling at 100°C for 6 min, frying at 230°C for 4.5 min, baking at 175°C for 25 min, and cooking with an air fryer at 200°C for 15 min. …”
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Production and optimisation of used cooking palm oil into protected fat calcium salts by fusion method using response surface methodology (RSM) by Mohamad Asrol, Kalam, Pak Dek, Mohd Sabri, Suyub, I. B., Sugnaseelan, Sumita, Jusoh, Shokri

“…The optimum condition to produced UCOPF by fusion method was CaO (20%), iTemp. (80°C), and percentage of water (30%), which yielded solidification score and FFA of 5.33 ± 0.53 and 0.85 ± 0.07%, respectively. The FFA content of the optimised PF was lower than permitted; thus, it can be used as animal supplement. …”
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Nutritional quality of germinated cowpea flour (Vigna unguiculata) and its application in home prepared powdered weaning foods by Jirapa, P., Normah, H., Zamaliah, M.M., Asmah, R., Mohamad, K.

“…Locally available rice, cowpea flour, banana-pumpkin slurry, and skim milk powder and sucrose in the ratio 35:35:15:15:5 were used to formulate weaning food containing not less than 15% protein. …”

Oil palm loose fruit detection using YOLOv4 for an autonomous mobile robot collector by Japar, Ahmed Fareed, Ramli, Hafiz Rashidi, Norsahperi, Nor Mohd Haziq, Wan Hasan, Wan Zuha

“…Notably, YOLOv4-tiny, initially underperforming (precision: 37.2%, recall: 20.9%, F1-score: 25%), showed significant improvement with tiling (precision: 90.5%, recall: 67.1%, F1-score: 73.8%). Also, replacing the SPP layer in YOLOv4 with SPP-Fast resulted in increased precision (92.6%) and a significantly improved F1-score of 91.4%. …”
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Application of choice experiment method in protected area: a bibliometric analysis by Nor Hizami, Hassin, Kamaludin, Mahirah, Abd Aziz, Azlina, Mat Alipiah, Roseliza

“…Using Scopus Analyser and VOSviewer software, data was analysed to answer seven research questions: (1) research trends in the CE method as per the publication year, (2) type of documents by the subject of research, (3) top 10 authors as per the citation by research, (4) map of co-authorship about the CE method application, (5) popular keywords associated to the research, (6) co-authorship countries’ collaboration, and (7) network mapping based on citation by source type. …”
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A hybrid Transformer-LSTM model apply to glucose prediction by Bian, QingXiang, As’arry, Azizan, Cong, XiangGuo, Md Rezali, Khairil Anas

“…The global prevalence of diabetes is escalating, with estimates indicating that over 536.6 million individuals were afflicted by 2021, accounting for approximately 10.5% of the world’s population. Effective management of diabetes, particularly monitoring and prediction of blood glucose levels, remains a significant challenge due to the severe health risks associated with inaccuracies, such as hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. …”
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Physical and chemical changes of seven selected herbs used as herbal bath affected by different drying methods by Md Zuki, Rose Fazila, Ismail, Mohd Firdaus, Aziz, Julia Abdul

“…The effect of oven drying (OD) at 50±5°C, sun drying (SD), and fresh leaves (control) of seven selected herbs used in herbal preparation as herbal baths were evaluated. …”
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Optimal dietary lipid requirement of hybrid lemon fin barb (Barbonymus gonionotus ♀× Hypsibarbus wetmorei ♂) larvae by Weerasingha, Rochana, Kamarudin, Mohd Salleh, Abd Karim, Murni Marlina, Ismail, Mohammad Fadhil Syukri

“…In conclusion, the optimum dietary lipid requirement for hybrid lemon fin barb larvae in terms of maximum growth is determined at 13.5% dietary fish oil by second-order polynomial analysis.…”