Coion exclusion properties of cation exchange membranes in 2:1 divalent salt solutions by Lim, Zheng Jie, Kho, Marcus, Toh, William, Chen, Xiao, Goh, K. B.

“…Our findings highlight the importance of coion condensation, especially in low-concentration salt conditions where coions are mainly condensed. This effect becomes less significant as the external solution concentration rises. …”
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Effect of heat treatment on repetitively scanned SLM NiTi shape memory alloy by An, Jia, Liu, Yong, Khoo, Zhong Xun, Chua, Chee Kai, Shen, Yu Fang, Kuo, Che Nan

“…The enhancement in the shape memory behavior of the repetitively scanned samples was mainly attributed to the formation of fine Ni4Ti3 metastable precipitates.…”
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Stress amplification effect of lung by Zhou, Hongyuan, Ma, Guowei

“…Serious injuries should be mainly found in this thin layer, which can be employed to test whether this amplified effect exists or not. …”
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A short review of recent advancements in PCM-air hybrid thermal management for batteries by Muppana, Veera Nagendra, Samykano, Mahendran, Wan Azmi, Wan Hamzah, Kadirgama, Kumaran, Suraparaju, Subbarama Kousik

“…Each resulted in an overall reduction in the battery’s maximum temperature and a uniform temperature distribution across the entire battery. This review mainly focused on the BTMS using PCMS and air cooling.…”
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Reconstructing Transit Vehicle Trajectory Using High-Resolution GPS Data by Huang, Yuzhu, Abdelhalim, Awad, Stewart, Anson, Zhao, Jinhua, Koutsopoulos, Haris

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Personalized question recommendation for English grammar learning by Fang, Lanting, Tuan, Luu Anh, Hui, Siu Cheung, Wu, Lenan

“…Previous recommendation systems for learning English mainly focused on recommending reading materials and vocabulary. …”
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Design of a special vent component for hydrogen-on-demand system by Lim, Sin Wei

“…The fact that hydrogen fuel cells generate electricity with no pollutants or any of the greenhouse gases, mainly using only hydrogen and oxygen, they are of great appeal as a clean energy source. …”
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Stochastic optimization model for water allocation on a watershed scale considering wetland’s ecological water requirement by Xu, Ye, Wang, Yu, Li, Sha, Huang, Guohe, Dai, Chao

“…Compared with the current operational scheme for water supply, the proposed method could lead to decreased water supply amount at a lower total cost. This is mainly because the design and implementation of existing water supply schemes are dependent on empirical experience and subjective judgment. …”
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Environmental and social factors influencing the spatiotemporal variation of archaeological sites during the historical period in the Heihe River basin, northwest China by Shi, Zhilin, Chen, Tingting, Storozum, Michael J., Liu, Fengwen

“…In the Western Xia-Yuan period (AD 1038–1368), people mainly settled in the lower reaches of the Heihe River basin and only returned to the middle reaches of the Heihe River basin during the Ming and Qing dynasties (AD 1368–1912). …”
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Microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D-printed EH36 high strength low carbon steel by Peh, Zhi Hao

“…Thus, in this project, the objective seeks to explore the microstructure and mechanical properties of 3D printed high strength low carbon steel printed using the direct laser deposition. This project mainly focuses on one material, ASTM A131 EH36, printed with wire used as the type of material deposition. …”
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Ecocement for beach erosion control by Chua, Xue Ning

“…Hard solutions have negative effects on the environment while soft solutions mainly work well as temporary measures. Therefore, a new approach, Ecocement, was proposed and investigated in this project. …”
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Thermal volume change of saturated clays: a fully coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical finite element implementation by Wang, Hao, Qi, Xiaohui

“…The former two mechanisms mainly contribute to the thermal expansion of heavily overconsolidated clays, whereas the latter two contribute to the noticeable thermal contraction of normally consolidated and lightly overconsolidated clays. …”
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Radiation and energy budget dynamics associated with a floating photovoltaic system by Yang, Peipei, Chua, Lloyd H. C., Irvine, K. N., Imberger, Jorg

“…Heat budget analysis showed that the thermal dynamics under the PV panels is mainly controlled by the longwave radiation from the PV panels and reduction in latent heat flux. …”
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Business contingency and continuity plan by maritime firms in Singapore - part B: maritime services sector by Matin Ahmad Bin Kamal

“…Maritime services companies face many hurdles in their application, mainly resource constraints, risk culture and the inability to predict future events. …”
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Orientational beamforming via a modified RBF neural network for orientational UWB interference rejection by Han, Jiangyan, Ng, Boon Poh, Er, Meng Hwa

“…The RBF neural network is selected mainly because of its simple structure, convenient training process, and fast convergence speed. …”
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An eye tracker application in assistive technology by Lim, Guang Liang

“…This project was developed due to the poor quality of life of disabled patients, mainly bedridden patients. The project uses A computer-interfaced-based communicator and home device control system for people with disabilities developed using Eye Tracker. …”
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Contentious consensus: challenges of diversity to identity-based language policies by Jain, Ritu

“…Language policies in Singapore have long served as tools for the management of its linguistic diversity comprising mainly the Chinese, Malay, and Indian vernaculars. …”
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The third imperative: framework for the relational values of nature by Tan, Rebecca Si En

“…This framework is then tested empirically through 30 surveys in a Singapore park and analysed mainly through a qualitative approach of thematic analysis. …”
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CT sigma delta ADC for audio applications by Hnin, Hnin Soe.

“…On the system level, a low-power, mainly feed-forward architecture is used to realize the loop filter. …”
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An FPGA-based real-time drone detection system by Cui, Kaixiang

“…The work in this paper mainly consists of two parts. The first is on the software aspect, involving the algorithmic implementation of drone detection. …”
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