Characterising the metabolic functionality of the preterm neonatal gut microbiome prior to the onset of necrotising enterocolitis: a pilot study by Chapman, JA, Wroot, E, Brown, T, Beck, LC, Embleton, ND, Berrington, JE, Stewart, CJ

“…Each NEC case was matched to a control infant based on gestation and sample DOL, the main driver of microbiome composition in this population, giving a total cohort of 16 infants for this study. …”

Trends in end digit preference for blood pressure and associations with cardiovascular outcomes in Canadian and UK primary care: a retrospective observational study by Greiver, M, Kalia, S, Voruganti, T, Aliarzadeh, B, Moineddin, R, Hinton, W, Dawes, M, Sullivan, F, Syed, S, Williams, J, De Lusignan, S

“…</p> <p><strong>Participants</strong> Adults aged 18 years or more.</p> <p><strong>Main outcome measures</strong> Mean rates of EDP and change in rates. …”

Exploiting signed TV broadcasts for automatic learning of British Sign Language by Buehler, P, Everingham, M, Zisserman, A

“…Specifically, we will address 3 main points: (i) automatic detection and tracking of the hands using a generative model of the image; (ii) automatic learning of signs from TV broadcasts of single signers, using only the supervisory information available from subtitles; and (iii) discriminative signer-independent sign recognition using automatically extracted training data from a single signer. …”

SARS-CoV-2 evolution during treatment of chronic infection by Kemp, SA, Collier, DA, Datir, RP, Ferreira, IATM, Gayed, S, Jahun, A, Hosmillo, M, Rees-Spear, C, Mlcochova, P, Lumb, IU, Roberts, DJ, Chandra, A, Temperton, N, Sharrocks, K, Blane, E, Modis, Y, Leigh, KE, Briggs, JAG, van Gils, MJ, Smith, KGC, Bradley, JR, Smith, C, Doffinger, R, Ceron-Gutierrez, L, Barcenas-Morales, G, Pollock, DD, Goldstein, RA, Smielewska, A, Skittrall, JP, Gouliouris, T, Goodfellow, IG, Gkrania-Klotsas, E, Illingworth, CJR, McCoy, LE, Gupta, RK

“…In vitro, the spike double mutant bearing both ΔH69/ΔV70 and D796H conferred modestly decreased sensitivity to convalescent plasma, while maintaining infectivity levels that were similar to the wild-type virus.The spike substitution mutant D796H appeared to be the main contributor to the decreased susceptibility to neutralizing antibodies, but this mutation resulted in an infectivity defect. …”

Accelerating convolutional neural networks through enhanced designs by Gennari do Nascimento, M

“…The goal of this thesis is to provide algorithms, heuristics, and insights into accelerating CNNs.</p> <br> <p>The main method explored in this thesis is that of quantization. …”

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor- antibody encephalitis impairs maintenance of attention to items in working memory by Dor, A, Harrison, C, Irani, SR, Al-Diwani, A, Grogan, J, Manohar, S

“…Additionally, patients reported the wrong item (misbinding errors) more than controls after congruent cues (Group x Delay [congruent condition], main effect of group, p=&lt;0.001). Our results suggest NMDARs are critical for both maintaining attention and feature binding.…”

The development of electrochemical sensors based on the use of different forms of carbon materials by Chaisiwamongkhol, K

“…<p>This thesis presents experimental work with the main aim of the development of chemical sensors using electroanalytical methods for applications in the food industry and for medical diagnosis. …”

Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of antenatal screening for major structural anomalies during the first trimester of pregnancy: a decision model by Campbell, H, Karim, J, Papageorgiou, AT, Wilson, E, Rivero-Arias, O

“…Event probabilities, costs, and outcomes for the model were informed by meta-analyses, published literature, and expert opinion.</p> <br> <p><strong>Main outcomes measures:</strong> Expected numbers of pregnancy outcomes, healthcare costs, and maternal quality adjusted life years (QALYs). …”

Multicenter double-blind study evaluating AI-driven detection of proximal deep vein thrombosis by Curry, N, Allen, E, Silsby, L, Goodacre, S, Deane, C, Deary, A, Foster, A, Griffiths, J, Sharma, R, Thomas, H, Mischewitz, S, Al-Noor, F

“…This was a two-point AI-guided compression ultrasound scan. We found that the main primary outcome was the sensitivity of AutoDVT within a diagnostic algorithm for the detection of proximal DVT by nonradiology-trained staff. …”

Implementing strategies to improve uptake of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in gender-affirming care: a mixed-methods implementation study by Kamran, R, Jackman, L, Goodwin, C, Laws, A, Stepney, M, Harrison, C, Jain, A, Rodrigues, J

“…</p> <p><strong>Intervention</strong> Three implementation strategies from the PG-PROM-GAC deployed alongside a PROM.</p> <p><strong>Main outcome(s) and measure(s)</strong> Response rates were calculated at 2-week intervals, in line with the deployment of each implementation strategy. …”

Synthesis and development of novel small molecule inhibitors of nucleophilic hydrolases by Gayatri

“…<p>The research described in this thesis concerns the development of novel small molecule inhibitors of biologically relevant nucleophilic hydrolases, i.e. β-lactamases, SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) and elastases, which are therapeutic targets for combatting public health threats associated with antimicrobial resistance, the COVID-19 pandemic and chronic inflammatory diseases, respectively. …”

Malaria elimination challenges in countries approaching the last mile: a discussion among regional stakeholders by Lek, D, Shrestha, M, Lhazeen, K, Tobgyel, T, Kandel, S, Dahal, G, Ghimire, YC, Shrestha, B, Ghimire, P, Hein, PS, Peto, TJ, Callery, JJ, Tripura, R, von Seidlein, L, Amaratunga, C, Lynch, CA, Dondorp, AM, Adhikari, B

“…A virtual meeting was convened in May 2024, followed by smaller meetings, to discuss and share experiences among regional partners, focusing on falciparum malaria elimination. Main text: The discussion among regional partners from these three countries was prompted by an isolated outbreak of falciparum malaria in April 2022 in a previously malaria-free district in Pursat province, Cambodia. …”

Effectiveness of fludrocortisone plus hydrocortisone versus hydrocortisone alone in septic shock: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by Teja, B, Berube, M, Pereira, TV, Law, AC, Schanock, C, Pang, B, Wunsch, H, Walkey, AJ, Bosch, NA

“…<p><strong> Measurements and Main Results: </strong></p> Among 7,553 references, we included 17 trials (7,688 patients). …”

Place-based household vouchers for locally supplied fruit and vegetables: the Fresh Street pilot cluster randomised controlled trial by Relton, C, Blake, MK, Bridge, G, Umney, D, Taylor, SJC, Adams, J, Mihaylova, B, Griffiths, C, Hooper, R, Phillips, R, Palmer, L, Gamston, A, Williamson, K

“…Results: The household survey response rate was below the 50% target for progression to the main trial. Most local fruit and vegetable vendors accepted vouchers. …”

Surface engineering of layered double hydroxides for advanced applications by Laney, K

“…</p> <p>Supplementary information and data referred to in the main thesis are found in the <strong>Appendices</strong>.…”

Taxonomic significance of pollen, anatomical and morphological characteristics of red and green leaves Christia vespertilionis (L.f.) Bakh. f. (Fabaceae) by Talip, Noraini, Che Amri, Che Nurul Aini, Abdul Rahman, Mohamad Ruzi, Ahmad Juhari, Muhammad Amirul Aiman, Ghazalli, Mohd. Norfaizal, Zohari, Ahmad Fitri, Bunawan, Hamidun

“…Variation than can be used to distinguish green and red leaf C. vespertilionis are outline shape of leaf lamina, presence of swollen tracheid, type of trichome, vascular tissue arrangement in the midrib and petiole, presence and type of stomata, leaf colour, petiole characteristics, terminal leaf characteristics, abaxial and adaxial leaf surface, main leaf and calyx feature, pollen shape and exine thickness. …”
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Synthesis, antimalarial activity, and molecular dynamic approaches of salophen metal complexes by Ali, Amatul Hamizah, Mukhtar, Nur Hafizah, Ling, Ng Yee, Norazmi, Nur Aqilah Zahirah, Agustar, Hani Kartini, Ling, Lau Yee, Abd Karim, Nurul Huda, Yusoff, Siti Fairus Mohd, Borzehandani, Mostafa Yousefzadeh, Hassan, Nurul Izzaty

“…Malaria is still one of the main infectious diseases in tropical climates. Various antimalarial drugs have been introduced before, such as chloroquine, primaquine, and artemisinin. …”
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Isolation, screening, identification, and characterization of arsenic resistant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from Pennisetum purpureum by Rahman, Md Ekhlasur, Shamsuzzaman, S.M., Mahmud, Khairil, Uddin, Md Kamal, Abd Ghani, Siti Salwa, Abd Shukor, Mohd Yunus, Chompa, Sayma Serine, Akter, Amaily, Nabayi, Abba, Sadeq, Buraq Musa, Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi

“…Rhizobacteria perform a main role in the phytoremediation process by increasing phytoremediation efficacy, thus the need to identify the superior rhizobacteria has been gaining serious attention. …”
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Factors associated with the quality of life among river communities along Sungai Pahang and Sungai Muar, Malaysia by Ramli, Siti Aisyah

“…The question to be answered is whether after several decades of economic development the quality of life of communities along the rivers has improved? The main objective of this study is to determine the quality of life among the river communities along Pahang and Muar river. …”
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Relationship between selected biopsychosocial factors on cognitive functions among Malaysian community-dwelling older adults by Foong, Hui Foh

“…Data analyses were carried out after examining the data for coding error, identifying and removing outliers, replacing missing values, and addressing normality issue. The main statistical analyses involved in the current study were Pearson’s correlation, chi-square test, multiple linear regression, and structural equation modelling. …”
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