Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Validation and Investigation the Effect of Piston Bowl Geometries Performance on Port Fuel InjectionHomogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (PFI-... by Nik Ab Rashid, Nik Muhammad Hafiz, Hairuddin, Abdul Aziz, Md Rezali, Khairil Anas, Masuri, Siti Ujila, Abdulabbas Mossa, Al Anbagi Muntasser, Jaafar, Jamiluddin, Fitriyana, Deni Fajar

“…The results attained from the Direct Injection (DI) engine piston bowl application demonstrate a minor change in in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate. …”
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Green roof thermal performance of small-scale prototype using IES-VE simulation in tropical climatic condition by Md Yacob, Mohamad Norfekry, Kasmin, Hartini, Siti Nazahiyah Rahmat, Siti Nazahiyah Rahmat, Tukimat, Nurul Nadrah Aqilah, Ahmad Nazri, Mohd Ariff

“…Batu Pahat, Malaysia is experiencing the increasing temperatures due to climate change. Green roofs are considered as a potential solution, but their effectiveness depends on various factors such as building orientation, solar shading, and thermal resistance (R-value). …”
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Forecasting the future drought in Bukit Merah using HECHMS software by Malik, Alia Farhana, Hamidon, Nuramidah, Adly Fitry, Nurul Izzah, Mohd Arish, Nur Aini, Awang, Mariah, Abd Rahman, Muhammad Ashraf, Murugan, Dharshilan, Abdullah, Nor Maizzaty

“…Malaysia, such as in Bukit Merah, has experienced floods and droughts due to climate change. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to calibrate and validate the rainfall-runoff of Bukit Merah and determine the future drought in HEC-HMS simulation. …”
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Modification of Agro-wastes Reinforced onto the PET Fabric for Decolorisation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Suradi, Siti Samahani, Kamaruzaman, Muhammad Zarif Hazim, Mohd Dali, Muhammad Izz Zakwan, Abu Bakar Sidik, Dilaeleyana, Bujang, Hazirah, Abdullah, Nurmina, Hairom, Nur Hanis Hayati, Dzinun, Hazlini, Rosley, Rozainita

“…The SEM micrographs and the change of peaks at regions 1650 cm-1, 1450 cm-1, 1210 cm-1, and 990 cm-1 in composites' spectroscopies demonstrate the different patterns of these calcinated samples are various patterns that impart the strength of the composite fabric surface functionality and hydrophobicity. …”
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Combustion of pelletized empty fruit bunch and oil palm shell in a swirling fluidized bed combustor by Othaman, Muhamad Fazli

“…Climate change and its associated impact has been one of the biggest challenge to mankind today. …”
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New d-piso architecture for dynamic symbol size digital baseband modulation implementation in FPGA by Ilyas, Mohammad Arif

“…The dynamic nature of the symbol created an additional problem in hardware design as the size of symbol needed to be defined clearly and it cannot be change and altered once the design has been generated. …”
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Development of nanocrystalline ironchromium alloy by means of sintering and ion implantation for interconnect application in high-temperature solid oxide fuel cells by Khaerudini, Deni Shidqi

“…Characterizations by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were carried out before and after each route or process to investigate the microstructure, phase change, and formation of the oxide layer. The specific aspects studied were the effects of nanocrystalline structures, which influenced by the sintering method; and surface treatment through La ion implantation of chromia-forming alloys may improve their high thermal stability. …”
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Aerodynamic analysis of groove based vortex trap configuration on the retreating helicopter blade by Yaakub, Mohd Fauzi

“…The influence of groove as a vortex trap is studied by means of the change in lift produced by the blade. The groove configuration is varied to determine its most suitable location, which is the critical sub-area at the retreating blade side, between 0.6R to 1.0R from the rotor hub, where R is the rotor disc radius. …”
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Intelligent modelling and control with fatigue reduction for fes induced knee joint of hemiplegic for rehabilitation by Mohamed Nasir, Noorhamizah

“…High nonlinearity and rapid change of muscle properties due to fatigue are the major problems of the FES control system. …”
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Study and application for rotational speed estimation method of a sensorless DC motor using adaptive filter by M Ramli, Roshahliza

“…However, high accuracy of rotational speed was not acquired when the value of the step size parameter of ALE was changed about a decimal from this value. Many thingswere examined in order to solve this problem. …”
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Development of D-Statcom in hardware in the loop system for voltage SAG mitigation by Mohammed, Amjad Muneim

“…The widespread use of electronic equipment such as adjustable speed drive (ASD), programmable logic controller (PLC), information technology equipment in power electronics applications such as energy-efficient lighting brings about a complete change in the nature of the electrical load. These loads are simultaneously major causes and major victims due to power quality problems. …”
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The effect of chemical treatment, fibre length, fibre content and injection moulding parameters to uv irradiation resistance of oil palm fibre reinforced composites by Fitri, Muhamad

“…The UV resistance was examined via the change of mechanical properties after UV exposured in the UV accelerated weathering tester. …”
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Power sharing strategy using H∞ controller between two distributed generation sources in islanded mode by Erum, Erum

“…However, this non-communication power sharing control technique has a disadvantage, where the frequency and voltage deviations are severe during a sudden load change. Currently, it can be fixed by using the communication-based secondary level. …”
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An efficient real-time data collection model for multivariate sensors in internet of things (IOT) applications by MOhammed Alduais, Nayef Abdulwahab

“…EDCD aims to save the energy consumption of the IoT sensor board with multiple sensors by means of reducing the number of transmission packets, if no significant change is reported by the payload sensing block; second is proposed a validity of the measuring sensor reading at node level (VSNL) algorithm. …”
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Dermatologyphics: comparison between Negritos Orang Asli and the Malays, Chinese and Indian by Ismail, Endom, Abdul Razak, Shairah, Selamat, Lieyana, Gurusamy, Ravindran, Zariman, Hasmarini, Shahrudin, Mohd Shahrizan, Amini, Farhanaz, Bakar, Yosni, Md Nor, Syukor, Osman, Mohamad

“…Dermatoglyphic traits are formed under genetic control during early gestation and do not change through the entire life. A few studies have shown that dermatoglyphic traits were conservative in their evolution and were different between and within population groups. …”
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Computer and electronic devices waste: analytical study by Hameed, Shihab A., Khalifa, Othman Omran

“…Incomplete technology and competitions between electronic production companies leads to agile products with small change in term of functionality or design; Mobile phones with new multi-functions, ever lighter notebooks and flatter TV screens are quickly replacing outdated products. …”
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A high fat diet increases mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and uncoupling to decrease efficiency in rat heart. by M.A, Cole, A.J, Murray, L.E, Cochlin, L.C, Heather, S., McAleese, N.S, Knight, E., Sutton, Abd. Jamil, Amira Hajirah, N., Parassol, K., Clarke

“…Mitochondrial UCP3 and MTE- 1 levels were both increased by 20% in high fat-fed rat hearts when compared with controls, with no significant change in ATP synthase or ANT levels, or citrate synthase activity. …”
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Influence of the elastic system and cutting parameters on chatter during end milling of aluminium and aluminium alloy on VMC by Amin, A. K. M. Nurul, Ahmad Dalhan, Salha, Sahidin @ Saleudin, Salhana

“…One of the easy, effective, and popular chatter control strategies is the change of spindle speed [5]. This is because through a proper selection of spindle speed, a favourable condition may be generated to remove machine tool chatter. …”
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Modelling of tool life by response surface methodology in hard milling of AISI D2 tool steel by Lajis, M. Amri, Amin, A. K. M. Nurul, Karim, A.N. Mustafizul, Hafiz, Khaled

“…Moreover, despite having the target of achieving optimum superficial finishing with the shortest possible time one must take into account the consideration of tool life, so that the complete finishing operation can be carried out with just one tool, avoiding the intermediate stops in order to change the tool due to its wear [1] Eventually, sudden failure of cutting tools lead to loss of productivity, rejection of parts and consequential economic losses [2] There are various methodologies and strategies that were adopted by researchers in order to predict tool wear or tool life in milling and turning. …”
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Wear mechanism in end milling of Inconel 718 by Amin, A. K. M. Nurul, Hossain, Ishtiaq, Patwari, Muhammed Anayet Ullah

“…Nevertheless, it is an essential part of a machining system in the automated factory to change tools automatically due to wear or catastrophic failure. …”
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