An evaluation on offline signature verification using artificial neural network approach by Khalifa, Othman Omran, Alam, Md. Khorshed, Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Aisha

“…The offline technique means to verify a signature written on paper which is scanned to convert it into a digital image, whereas the online system required an online device such as Tablet PC, touch screen monitor by a pressure sensitive pen to verify the signature. …”
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Anthropometric measurements of the human distal femur: A study of the adult malay population by Abd. Aziz, Azian, Zulkifly, Ahmad Hafiz

“…The distal femurs of 100 subjects (50 men, 50 women) from the Malay population aged between 19 and 38 years were scanned to measure the anterior-posterior (AP) andmedial-lateral (ML)width.ThemeanAP valueswere 64.02 ± 3.38mmand 57.33 ± 3.26mm for men and women, respectively, and the mean ML values were 74.91 ± 3.52mm and 64.53 ± 3.07 mm.We compared our data to that published previously for the Chinese and Indian populations. …”
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Preparation of modified ceramic membranes with silica sol-dip coating for separation biogas application by Mohd Daud, Farah Diana, Zulianey Kahlib, Nor Amyra, Mel , Maizirwan, Ahmad Azhar, Ahmad Zahirani, Hassan , Noor Azlina

“…The surface and cross section morphologies of the membranes were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). It was found that the pore size of the modified ceramic membrane obtained decreased with increasing dipping time. …”
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Effects of pretreatment on properties of gelatin from perch (Lates Niloticus) skin by Hammed, Ademola Monsur, Jaswir, Irwandi, Mohd. Salleh, Hamzah, Alkahtani, Hassan

“…Fish gelatins obtained from perch fish skin pretreated with various solutions containing acetic acid, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium chloride (NaCl) were successfully characterized for their nanostructure pattern using field emission scanning electron microscopy. Each pretreatment transformed collagen to gelatin with fibril, zigzag cracks, straight rods, and cross-linked rods nanostructure patterns. …”
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Reprocessing of polypropylene/cellulose composites: effects on thermal properties by Samat, Noorasikin, Sarifuddin, Norshahida, Shafiee, Muhd Izzudin

“…The change in the chemical composition of the composites was monitored with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric (TGA) tests were performed to compare thermal behavior of the rPP/MCC composites at different processing cycles. …”
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The strength of SiO2 added MgO ceramics to withstand flashover-treeing appearance under electron bombardment in vacuum by Sutjipto, Agus Geter Edy

“…To improve insulating capability of magnesia (MgO) ceramics under electron beam bombardment in vacuum, the addition of SiO2 was studied. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used as a source of electron beam and vacuum condition. …”
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Characterization and microstructure analysis of sodium alginate incorporate with iron (III) oxide for biomedical application by Ahmad Zakhi, Wan Ahmad Mustaqim, Idris, Maizlinda Izwana, Mohd Nasir, Nur Fatehah, Hishamuddin, Fateen Shamsaiha

“…Next, sodium alginate biofilms and beads incorporated with and without Iron (III) particles were analysed by microstructure using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Energy–dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was applied as well to reveal the chemical elements present in the sample. …”
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Characterization and microstructure analysis of sodium alginate incorporate with iron (III) oxide for biomedical application by Ahmad Zakhi, Wan Ahmad Mustaqim, Idris, Maizlinda Izwana, Mohd Nasir, Nur Fatehah, Hishamuddin, Fateen Shamsaiha

“…Next, sodium alginate biofilms and beads incorporated with and without Iron (III) particles were analysed by microstructure using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Energy–dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was applied as well to reveal the chemical elements present in the sample. …”
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Characterization and microstructure analysis of sodium alginate incorporate with iron (III) oxide for biomedical application by Ahmad Zakhi, Wan Ahmad Mustaqim, Idris, Maizlinda Izwana, Mohd Nasir, Nur Fatehah, Hishamuddin, Fateen Shamsaiha

“…Next, sodium alginate biofilms and beads incorporated with and without Iron (III) particles were analysed by microstructure using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Energy–dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was applied as well to reveal the chemical elements present in the sample. …”
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Characterization and microstructure analysis of sodium alginate incorporate with iron (III) oxide for biomedical application by Mustaqim, Wan Ahmad, Zakhi, Ahmad, Mohd Nasir, Nur Fatehah, Hishamuddin, Fateen Shamsaiha

“…Next, sodium alginate biofilms and beads incorporated with and without Iron (III) particles were analysed by microstructure using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Energy–dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was applied as well to reveal the chemical elements present in the sample. …”
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Effect of shielded metal arc welding on microstructure, hardness, and tensile strength of nodular cast iron by Agung Setyo Darmawan, Agung Setyo Darmawan, Agus Dwi Anggono, Agus Dwi Anggono, Agus Yulianto, Agus Yulianto, Febriantoko, Bambang Waluyo, Masyrukan, Masyrukan, Turnad Lenggo Ginta, Turnad Lenggo Ginta, Abdul Hamid, Abdul Hamid

“…Shielded metal arc welding was performed using AWS A5.15 Eni-CL electrodes. Scanning Electron Microscope is used for metallographic observation. …”
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Preparation and characterisation of irradiated waste eggshells as oil adsorbent by Hasrin, N. I., Othman, S. A.

“…Three equipment had been used for the characterization process which were the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). …”
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Clinical assessment of watermarked medical images by Mohamad Zain, Jasni, Abdul Rani, Mohammed Fauzi, Abd. Aziz, Azian

“…We used 75 medical images consisting of x-rays, ultrasound and CT scans. Digital watermarking was inserted in ROI and ROI/Region Of Non Interest (RONI) in all of them. …”
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Synthesis of Au/Al2O3 nanocatalyst and its application in the reduction of p-Nitrophenol by Yazid, Hanani, Adnan, Rohana, Farrukh, Muhammad Akhyar, Abd Hamid, Shafida

“…Structural and elemental characterizations of the supported gold nanoparticles were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM), scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-rays (EDX), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). …”
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Transitional changes in the mucosa adjacent to the colorectal carcinoma- A SEM study by M. Ansari, Reshma, Tun, Ye, Myint, Yi Yi

“…The tissues were then processed and viewed under Scanning Electron microscope (SEM) to gauge the extent of the transitional changes. …”
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Signature recognition using artificial neural network by Abushariah, Ahmad A. M., Gunawan, Teddy Surya, Khalifa, Othman Omran, Chebil, Jalel

“…In the off-line signature verification approach, the data of the signature is obtained from a static image utilizing a scanning device [I). For our application, off-line approach will be utilized.Neural Networks (NN) also known as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) belong to the artificial intelligence approaches, which attempt to mechanize the recognition procedure according to the way a person applies intelligence in visualizing and analyzing[2]. …”
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The influence of EB-irradiated treatment on enhancing barrier property and crystallization behavior of rubber-toughened nanocomposites by Jamal, Nur Ayuni, Anuar, Hazleen, Abd Razak, Shamsul Bahri

“…The crystallization temperature, Tc, andmelting temperature, Tm, were also improved with the addition of OMMT along with the aids of EB-irradiation technique. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) revealed that the stacking condition of OMMT particles was greatly reduced by EB-irradiation treatment as evidenced by finer surface and less formation of voids.…”
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Aluminium-copper-SiCp composite materials corrosion in biodiesel by Maleque, Md. Abdul

“…The materials were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) for surface morphology. …”
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Detection of non-halal dog leather and dog leather products by Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed, Gasmelsid, Saadeldin Mansour

“…The second part is about how to detect dog leather and its products using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. …”
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Influence of magnetic field on reduction chatter and of surface roughness in end milling of Titanium Alloy - Ti-6Al-4V by Sulaiman, Syidatul Akma, Amin, A. K. M. Nurul, Arif, Muammer Din

“…The resultant average surface roughness was found to be reduced by a maximum of 50% due to magnet application. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the chip morphology. …”
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