A Review of Genetic Algorithm: Operations and Applications by Md Isa, Faizatulhaida, Ariffin, Wan Nor Munirah, Jusoh, Muhammad Shahar, Erni Puspanantasari Putri, Erni Puspanantasari Putri

“…The conclusion underscores the enduring relevance of GA in the optimization landscape, emphasizing their potential to remain a pivotal tool for addressing intricate real-world challenges, provided their parameters are fine-tuned judiciously to balance exploration and exploitation.…”
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Reducing air pollution and occupational health risk using palm olein abrasive blasting for metal surface cleaning applications by Zakaria, Hanis, Hassan, Suhaimi, Azmi, Mohd Azham

“…The dry process which uses abrasive media blasted onto a surface to clean the surface normally will release fine dust into the environment. Water used with abrasive media to reduce the dust release into the environment; named as wet abrasive blasting. …”
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Mechanical properties of concrete containing palm oil fuel ash and modified expanded polystyrene beads as replacement materials using finite element method by Ruslan, Mohd Syamil, Osman, Mohamad Hairi, Mahamad, Mimi Suliza, A Rahman, Noor Khazanah, Adnan, Suraya Hani, Salim, Salman, Mat Nor, Ahmad Hakimi

“…The purpose of this research was to focus on replacement of the modified expanded polystyrene beads (EPS) as a fine aggregate and the palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as a cement in term of mechanical properties of concrete. …”
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An enhanced scheme to support QoS in MIPv6 based networks using DiffServ by Ibrahim, Loay, Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Aisha, Anwar, Farhat, Khalifa, Othman Omran, Mahmoud, Omer, Hameed, Shihab A., Daoud, Jamal Ibrahim

“…The Best-Effort service works fine with the conventional Internet applications (non real-time applications) such as remote login, electronic mail and file transfer. …”
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Stability testing of oil-in-water emulsion of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) by Abdul Ghafar, Syafiq, Yusof, Fathin Athirah, Mohd Shafri, Mohd Affendi

“…Briefly, dried flower buds of cloves were grounded into a fine dry powder and macerated in absolute ethanol solvent for 48 h duration with intermittent shaking at the room temperature. …”
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Effect of variable particle size reinforcement on mechanical and wear properties of 6061Al–SiCp composite by Adebisi, Adetayo Abdulmumin, Maleque, Md. Abdul, Ali, Mohammad Yeakub, Bello, Kamil Adeyemi

“…The SPS comprises three categories; fine (15 μm), intermediate (40 μm) and coarse (80 μm) particle sizes and combination of the three sizes accounts for the MPS in the ratio 1:1:2, respectively. …”
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Controversies with self-emulsifying drug delivery system from pharmacokinetic point of view by Chatterjee, Bappaditya, Hamed Almuris, Samah, Ahmed Mahdi Dukhan, Ather, Mandal, Uttam Kumar Umar, Sengupta, Pinaki

“…Self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) is an isotropic mixture of lipid, surfactant and co-surfactant, which forms a fine emulsion when comes in contact of an aqueous medium with mild agitation. …”
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Metabolic engineering of cofactor F420 production in mycobacterium smegmatis by Bashiri, Ghader, Mohamed Rehan, Aisyah, Greenwood, David R., Dickson, James M. J., Baker, Edward N.

“…A combination of co–expression of the F420 biosynthetic proteins and fine-tuning of the culture media has enabled us to achieve F420 production levels of up to 10 times higher compared with the wild type M. smegmatis strain. …”
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Microbial induced calcite precipitation treatment on tropical residual soil by Tiong, Kenny Ping Chiet

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Durability and leachability of concrete containing coal bottom ash and fly ash by Rafieizonooz, Mahdi

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Performance of asphalt pavement containing potential cool paving materials by Al-Etba, Salam Ridha Oleiwi

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Preparation, characterization and performance of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 membrane on alumina hollow fiber for lead(II) removal by Awang Chee, Dayang Norafizan

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Molecular engineering for catalytic efficiency of Xylanase from Aspergillus fumigatus RT-1 and its application in hydrolysis of pretreated kenaf by Damis, Siti Intan Rosdianah

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Revolutionizing intrusion detection in industrial IoT with distributed learning and deep generative techniques by Hamouda, Djallel, Ferrag, Mohamed Amine, Nadjette, Benhamida, Hamid, Seridi, Ghanem, Mohamed Chahine

“…Concurrently, we address the issues of imbalanced and distributed data and deploy a data curation technique to align generated data within specific constraints. 2) A secondary model fine-tunes local Critics for enhanced resilience and detection of various adversarial attacks. 3) The third model focuses on precise cyber threat identification, leveraging augmented data for improved training under a synthetic federated learning schema, bolstering detection capability, especially against zero-day threats. …”
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Characteristics of treated bamboo/cotton blend yarn produced from ring and rotor spinning techniques by Nor Anuwar, Anis Amirah

“…Natural bamboo fibres are coarse and stiff, requiring chemical treatment to reduce their high chemical composition and enhance their textile application, where fine and soft fibres are greatly valued. Cotton fibres are widely used in textile manufacturing due to their comfort and durability. …”
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Studies on durability properties of natural fibre-reinforced green lightweight foamed concrete employing industrial hemp fibres by Mydin, Md Azree Othuman, Mohd Nawi, Mohd Nasrun, Omar, Roshartini, Hadee Mohammed Najm, Hadee Mohammed Najm, Paul Oluwaseun Awoyera, Paul Oluwaseun Awoyera

“…The use of industrial HF might make it possible to reduce fine aggregate while still producing LFC of higher quality. …”
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Influence of seawater mixing on fresh and mechanical properties of oil palm shell lightweight aggregate concrete containing spent garnet by Jamaludin, Nur Farah Aziera, Muthusamy, Khairunisa, AbuHashim, Muhammad Fitri, Mohamad Nazle, Haiqal Akashah, Othman, Nor Hazurina

“…Two sets of concrete mixes were prepared, varying the proportion of spent garnet as a partial replacement for fine aggregate, and both seawater and freshwater were used in the mixing process. …”
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Development of instrumented oedometer incorporated with bender element and electrical conductivity by Mofreh Gubran, Mohammed Mansoor

“…Soft soils are normally associated with high moisture content and fine-grained particles possessing poor geotechnical properties such as low shear strength and high compressibility. …”
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Investigation on plasma properties for deposition of titanium nitride film using reactive magnetron sputtering system by Soo, Reh How

“…As a result, fundamental of understanding on the sputter mechanism of atom in reactive magnetron sputtering plasma is very important in order to implement the plasma sputtering for the formation of conformal TiN thin film in a very fine hole in integrated circuit device. In this work, the working power and nitrogen gas flow rate were varied during the deposition process and spectrocopic measurement. …”
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Preparation and characterization of cogon grass natural fiber as a concrete filler for gamma radiation shielding by Mohd Yusof, Yusrina, Othman, Siti Amira

“…Concrete is a combination of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and water. Concrete has a high shielding potential against gamma radiation from radioactive source. …”
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