In-situ garnet 238U-230Th geochronology of Holocene silica-undersaturated volcanic tuffs at millennial-scale precision by Wotzlaw, Jörn-Frederik, Guillong, Marcel, Balashova, Anna, Forni, Francesca, Dunkl, István, Mattsson, Hannes B., Bachmann, Olivier

“…Radioisotopic dates for Late Pleistocene to Holocene silica-undersaturated volcanic rocks are often imprecise, limiting our ability to assess the frequency of eruptions in alkaline volcanic provinces, evaluate related volcanic risk and date associated archaeological sites. Here, we present a new approach to dating alkaline volcanic rocks employing 238U-230Th disequilibrium dating of Ca-rich garnet phenocrysts by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). …”
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Distributed control for voltage and current sharing islanded DC microgrids under cyber attacks by Lim, Hui Jing

“…Technology has improved drastically over the years and people are getting more dependent on them and it can be dangerous as malicious entity can hack into the system, causing severe consequences in sensitive sites such as military bases and hospitals. Sensitive information can be taken away and resulting in great danger. …”
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Highly stable and efficient planar perovskite solar cells using ternary metal oxide electron transport layers by Thambidurai, Mariyappan, Shini, Foo, Harikesh, Padinhare Cholakkal, Mathews, Nripan, Dang, Cuong

“…Enhancement in charge extraction, favourable energy alignment, and reduction in recombination sites greatly contribute to the optimal performance, stability, and reproducibility of the Zn1Sn1Ox/SnO2 ETL device.…”
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Sentiment analysis for COVID-19 vaccination news by Lim, Pei Yan

“…People have shared their opinions about vaccinations on social networking sites like Facebook. This project aims to understand public sentiments regarding various vaccines in Singapore and predict message sentiment. …”
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Super-resolution imaging of photogenerated charges on CdS/g-C₃N₄ heterojunctions and its correlation with photoactivity by Wu, Shuyang, Lee, Jinn-Kye, Lim, Pei Chong, Xu, Rong, Zhang, Zhengyang

“…The SRM technique was applied for the first time to map the reactive sites of type II and Z-scheme structures at nanometer resolution. …”
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Alkali additives enable efficient large area (>55 cm²) slot-die coated perovskite solar modules by Rana, Prem Jyoti Singh, Febriansyah, Benny, Koh, Teck Min, Bening Tirta Muhammad, Salim, Teddy, Hooper, Thomas J. N., Kanwat, Anil, Ghosh, Biplab, Kajal, Priyanka, Lew, Jia Haur, Aw, Yeow Chong, Yantara, Natalia, Bruno, Annalisa, Pullarkat, Sumod A., Ager, Joel W., Leong, Wei Lin, Mhaisalkar, Subodh Gautam, Mathews, Nripan

“…X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis reveals the segregation of potassium ions at SnO2/perovskite interface which serve as nucleation sites for the crystallization of perovskite layer. …”
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Unlocking superior hydrogen oxidation and CO poisoning resistance on Pt enabled by tungsten nitride-mediated electronic modulation by Cai, Bin, Shen, Di, Xie, Ying, Yan, Haijing, Wang, Yucheng, Chen, Xiaodong, Wang, Lei, Fu, Honggang

“…This leads to a lower peak potential of CO stripping on Pt@WN/rGO compared to that on Pt/rGO, suggesting that WN mitigates competitive CO adsorption and enhances the availability of hydrogen adsorption sites on Pt. The synergistic effect significantly accelerates HOR activity and increases antipoisoning efficacy. …”
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Crystallographic details of the nucleotide-binding pocket of subunit A and B of A-ATP synthases and insight into the nucleotide-binding subunit α of the Escherichia coli F-ATP synt... by Vikeramjeet Singh Tadwal

“…The energy coupling between the A3B3 hexamer and the AO sector occurs via the stalk subunits C, D and F. The sites for ATP synthesis or hydrolysis are located at the interfaces of A- and B-subunits, which are arranged alternately in hexameric fashion to form the A3B3 headpiece. …”
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Soil improvement using ground granulated blastfurnace slag (GGBS) and reactive magnesia (MgO) by Sathesh M Tamil Selven

“…The study also seeks to find out the most optimum ratio of MgO/Binder content to benefit the use of this novel activator with GGBS on actual sites. Through a comparative analysis of the range of curing periods, there was a significant improvement on the stiffness of soil. …”
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Effectiveness of decellularisation & extraction of surfactant in porcine oesophagus by Soh, Joe Yi

“…The full removal of SDS is vital before the tissue can be utilised as SDS is a strong anionic detergent that can solubilise the proteins and lipids that form the membrane; all of which might affect the healthy tissues where the decellularised tissue is supposed to be sited on if washing is not thorough. The results concluded with a final scaffold that is cell-free with minimal SDS and has a smooth mucosal surface with a well preserved extracellular matrix; which is perfect for use as a replacement for a surgically removed diseased organ in the treatment of oesophageal cancer.…”
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Early Prediction of Skin Viability Using Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy and Autofluorescence Spectroscopy by Zhu, Caigang, Chen, Shuo, Chui, Christopher Hoe-Kong, Tan, Bien-Keem, Liu, Quan

“…Methods: A total of 62 flap measurement sites from 11 Sprague-Dawley rats were monitored for 72 hours. …”
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The role of graphite foam pore structure on saturated pool boiling enhancement by Pranoto, I., Leong, K. C., Jin, L. W.

“…A visualization study shows that more bubbles were generated from the block structures compared to the fin structures due to the larger number of nucleation sites from the block structures. It was also found that use of FC-72 resulted in better boiling heat transfer performance compared to HFE-7000.…”
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NMDA receptor activation enhances inhibitory GABAergic transmission onto hippocampal pyramidal neurons via presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms by Xue, Jiu Gang, Masuoka, Takayoshi, Gong, Xian Di, Chen, Ken-Shiung, Yanagawa, Yuchio, Law, Alex Sai Kit, Konishi, Shiro

“…This profound increase in the sIPSC frequency and amplitude was markedly suppressed by the sodium channel blocker TTX, whereas the frequency and mean amplitude of miniature IPSCs were not significantly affected by NMDA, suggesting that NMDA elicits repetitive firing in GABAergic interneurons, thereby leading to GABA release from multiple synaptic sites of single GABAergic axons. We found that the NMDAR openchannel blocker MK-801 injected into recorded pyramidal neurons suppressed the NMDA-induced increase of sIPSCs, which raises the possibility that the firing of interneurons may not be the sole factor and certain retrograde messengers may also be involved in the NMDA-mediated enhancement of GABAergic transmission. …”
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Controlling fibrous capsule formation through long-term down-regulation of collagen type I (COL1A1) expression by nanofiber-mediated siRNA gene silencing by Rujitanaroj, Pim-On, Jao, Brian, Yang, Junghoon, Wang, Feng, Anderson, James M., Wang, Jun, Chew, Sing Yian

“…Nanofiber scaffold-mediated RNA interference may serve as an alternative approach through the localized and sustained delivery of siRNA at implant sites. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of siRNA–poly(caprolactone-co-ethylethylene phosphate) nanofibers in controlling fibrous capsule formation through the down-regulation of collagen type I (COL1A1) in vitro and in vivo. …”
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A driftwood-based record of Arctic sea ice during the last 500 years from northern Svalbard reveals sea ice dynamics in the Arctic Ocean and Arctic peripheral seas by Hole, GM, Rawson, T, Farnsworth, WR, Schomacker, A, Ingólfsson, Ó, Macias-Fauria, M

“…Our study considers alternate approaches to selecting probable origin sites, by weighting scores via reference chronology span and visualising results through spatiotemporal density plots, as opposed to more basic ranking systems. …”

A propos de l’archéologie préventive au Cameroun: regards-croisés et essai de compréhension d’une pluralité conceptuelle (2000-2021) by Moundoubou, M

“…From salvage archaeology to preventive archaeology, then from the archaeology of stadiums and universities to the archaeology of building sites, the reasoning behind this conceptual metamorphosis is elucidated.…”

DNA-damage orchestrates self-renewal and differentiation via reciprocal p53 family and Hippo/Wnt/TGF-β pathway activation in embryonic stem cells by Ye, Y, Xie, W, Wang, X, Tan, S, Yang, L, Ma, Z, Zhu, Z, Chen, X, Liu, X, O’Neill, E, Chang, L, Zhang, W

“…Notably, our study reveals that irradiation-induced DNA damage leads to the recruitment of the BAF complex, causing it to dissociate from its binding sites on the target genes associated with the Yap, Wnt, and TGF-β pathways, thereby increasing signaling and promoting differentiation of ESCs into all three lineages. …”

Experimental heatwaves facilitate invasion and alter species interactions and composition in a tropical host‐parasitoid community by Chen, J, Lewis, O

“…We re-created under laboratory conditions a host-parasitoid community typical of high-elevation rainforest sites in Queensland, Australia, comprising four Drosophila species and two associated parasitoid species. …”

TPepRet: a deep learning model for characterizing T-cell receptors–antigen binding patterns by Wang, M, Fan, W, Wu, T, Li, M

“…We have evaluated TPepRet to a range of challenging scenarios, including performance benchmarking against other tools using diverse datasets, analysis of peptide binding preferences, characterization of T cells clonal expansion, identification of true binder in complex environments, assessment of key binding sites through alanine scanning, validation against expression rates from large-scale datasets, and ability to screen SARS-CoV-2 TCRs. …”

A Synoptic- and Remote Sensing-based Analysis of a Severe Dust Storm Event over Central Asia by Broomandi, P, Mohammadpour, K, Kaskaoutis, DG, Fathian, A, Abdullaev, SF, Maslov, VA, Nikfal, A, Jahanbakhshi, A, Aubakirova, B, Kim, JR, Satyanaga, A, Rashki, A, Middleton, N

“…Meteorological measurements and HYSPLIT back-trajectories at selected sites in Central Asia (Turkmenabat, Khujand and Tashkent) showed a remarkable dust impact that reduced temperature (by 2–4°C) and visibility to below 1 km at different periods, as the thick dust plume expanded in various directions. …”