Gamat or Timun Laut? Ossicle shapes of Holothuria (Merthensiothuria) leucospilota and Stichopus horrens for identification by Kamarudin, Kamarul Rahim

“…horrens or Gamat Emas has been used as the main ingredient.…”
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Experimental investigation and simulation of muffler performance by Mohiuddin, A. K. M., Rahman, Mohammed Ataur, Gazali, Yazid

“…The purpose of the muffler is to reduce the exhaust noise produced by the engine. The main objective of this study is to simulate and investigate experimentally the muffler of the Alfa Romeo 145 vehicle. …”
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Shari'ah compliant contract: concept and application for construction works by Abdul Rashid, Khairuddin

“…Part two examines current contract practice for construction works focusing on the primary contract between the Client and the Main Contractor and discusses how such a contract could be presented so that it complies with the Shari'ah. …”
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Legal obstacles facing Islamic banking in Malaysia by Hassan, Rusni, Muneeza, Aishath, Azzam Wajeeh, Ismail

“…It is observed that without eliminating the legal obstacles facing Islamic banking in Malaysia, it would be impossible to sustain Islamic banking in the country. The main focus of the paper is to find out the legal obstacles facing Islamic banking in Malaysia.…”
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Pirogov-Sinai theory with new contours for symmetric models by Ganikhodjaev, Nasir, Rozikov, Utkir Abdulloevich

“…We give a new definition of contour which allows relatively easier proof to the main result of the Pirogov–Sinai theory for symmetric models. …”
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Punitive justice in the Malaysian criminal law: balancing the rights of offenders with those of the victims by Hussin, Nasimah

“…It can be interpreted from the statistics that if the crime rate is high, the number of the aggrieved parties who are affected by those criminal acts is also large. This is our main concern. The question arises as to what extent the punitive justice manages to resolve this problem. …”
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Reverse leakage current mechanisms in quantum dot laser structures by Hasbullah, Nurul Fadzlin, David, John P. R.

“…A systematic study of their temperature dependence suggests that the main mechanism determining the reverse leakage is due to generation–recombination via mid-band traps assisted by Frenkel-Poole emission of carriers from these traps. …”
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Performance enhancement of UWB power control using ranging and narrowband interference mitigation technique by Saeed, Rashid Abdelhaleem, Khatun, Sabira, Ali, Borhanuddin, Abdullah, Mohamad

“…Power control is a critical parameter for the design and evaluation of UWB-based WPAN networks due to its distributed control nature and non-fixed topology. The main issues in UWB PC are the channel gain fluctuations induced by indoor channel fluctuation and interference arising from narrowband systems. …”
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Say you say me: on entrepreneurship education as a differentiation strategy by Abu Samah, Ainon Jauhariah, Omar, Azura

“…Students’ views on Bachelor of Business Administration and Bachelor of Management (Entrepreneurship) are drawn through personal interviews and focus group to answer two main questions; how does entrepreneurship education differ from business education? …”
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Wall Climbing Robot: Mechanical Design and Implementation by Albagul, Abdulgani, Asseni, A., Khalifa, Othman Omran

“…The suction force will be supplied by two vacuum pumps that will turn on intermittently. The main body of the robot will carry all the components except for the compressor thus making it mobile. …”
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Al-Majusi contribution in the understanding of the cardiovascular system and blood circulation by Ghazali, Nazwan, Shuriye, Abdi Omar

“…The chapter refers to the main treatise entitled Kitab Kamil Sina 'ah Tibiyah, (The Complete Medical Art), written by Ali Ibn Abbas AI-Majusi, and other articles on cardiovascular system and blood circulation. …”
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Studies in gynaecology in zad al-musafir wa qut al- hadir of Abu Jaafar Ibn al-Jazzar by Nordin, Nor Hidayati Diyana, Othman, Raihan

“…The main focus of this chapter is to present the work of Ibn AI-Jazzar in his sixth book of Zad al-Musafir wa Qut al-Hadir which focuses on gynaecology. …”
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Al-Zahrawi's explaination on bone fractures and its surgical and non-surgical treatments by Zulkifli, Nur Izzati, Othman, Raihan

“…The main focus in this work is to highlight the detail knowledge concerning bone fractures and its treatments as explained by AI-Zahrawi from his observations and experiences. …”
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Fuzzy set theory by Khan, Imran Moez, Htike@Muhammad Yusof, Zaw Zaw, Khalifa, Othman Omran

“…Although initially the new and revolutionary ideas were viewed controversially in the realm of mathematics, they were more welcomed in several fields of engineering, especially control engineering, as they provided a good interface with real world applications of mathematics. The main advantage of fuzzy mathematics is that practical situations can be represented in more than one condition and mathematically rigorous calculations can be performed without the need to restrict the problem in only one representation. …”
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Performance evaluation of Free-Space-Optic (FSO) links by Alma, Husagic, Al-Khateeb, Wajdi Fawzi Mohammed

“…Knowing the losses or attenuation within the channel it is then possible to evaluate received power level and link margin, the main figures needed in order to evaluate the performance ofFSO links…”
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Indentifying maqasid al-Qur’an : a critical analysis of Rashid Rida’s views by Islam , Tajul, Khan, Israr Ahmad

“…This study mainly explores the methodological and logical strength of Rida’s identification of objectives of the Qur’an …”
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Protection of the texts using Base64 and MD5 by Taha, Imad, Alahmad, Mohammad, Ahmad, Hanadi

“…Cryptography consists of a set of algorithms and techniques to convert the data into another form so that the contents are unreadable and unexplainable to anyone who does not have the authority to read or write on these data. The main objective of the use of encryption algorithms is to protect data and information in order to achieve privacy. …”
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Leadership and work motivation from the cross cultural perspective by Mohd. Israil, Khaliq Ahmad

“…The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast conventional management thought, its main features of leadership, and work motivation with those from an Islamic perspective. …”
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Information seeking behaviours of rural women in Malaysia by Abu Bakar, Ahmad Bakeri

“…When seeking information on food and child education, respondents used family or friends and popular magazines as the main sources. When seeking information on food and child education through the Internet most used relevant websites to get information. …”
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Creation of an Islamic state between ambition and ignorance by Solihin, Sohirin Mohammad

“…It also critically discusses their vision on underlining concept from etymological aspect as well terminological concept and their main differences with the views of prominent Muslim scholars. …”
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