The Pandemic EVIDENCE Collaboration Pillar 1: diagnostics and transmission by Conly, J, Plüddemann, A, Jefferson, T, Rosca, C, Heneghan, C

“…The evidence produced to support the optimal deployment of NPIs to reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was often of poor quality, and decisions were made without considering the wealth of previous research on respiratory virus transmission from human challenge studies. …”

Genetic, natal, and spatial drivers of social phenotypes in wild great tits by Satarkar, D, Sepil, I, Sheldon, BC

“…Individual gregariousness also had a small genetic component, with a low heritability estimate for degree (<5%). Centrality showed heritability up to 10% in one of 3 years sampled, whereas betweenness showed none, indicating modest genetic variation in individual sociability, but not group-switching tendencies. …”

Diagnostic accuracy of point-of-care lung ultrasound for community-acquired pneumonia in children in ambulatory settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Hughes-Davies, H, Ukwatte, U, Roberts, N, Turner, PJ, Hayward, GN, Fanshawe, TR, Bird, C

“…Meta-analysis of the combined results of the included six studies calculated a pooled sensitivity of 90.9% (95% CI [85.5%, 94.4%]) and pooled specificity of 80.7% (95% CI [63.6%, 91.0%]).…”

Homogeneous dose delivery for very high energy electron beams by Robertson, C

“…Dual-scattering foil design and operation at 200 MeV was studied with a range of setups. Bremsstrahlung emission in the foils required extended beamlines to prevent the loss of uniformity through a water phantom when producing a beam with a homogeneous radius of 75 mm. …”

Ventricular volume asymmetry as a novel imaging biomarker for disease discrimination and outcome prediction by McCracken, C, Szabo, L, Abdulelah, ZA, Condurache, D-G, Vago, H, Nichols, TE, Petersen, SE, Neubauer, S, Raisi-Estabragh, Z

“…Participants with values outside the 5th-95th percentiles of the healthy distribution were classed as either LV dominant (LV/RV > 112%) or RV dominant (LV/RV < 80%) asymmetry. …”

Mixing and warming characterisation of cryogenic hydrogen jets through proper orthogonal decomposition by Tretola, G, Shen, Li, Leach, F, Vogiatzaki, K

“…Jets with pressure up to 5 bar and temperatures just above the saturation liquid temperature were examined. …”

General practice antibiotic prescriptions attributable to respiratory syncytial virus by age and antibiotic class: an ecological analysis of the English population by Miller, L, Beaney, T, Hope, R, Cunningham, M, Robotham, J, Pouwels, K, Costelloe, CE

“…However, data on the type of antibiotics prescribed for such infections is only available for children <5 years in the UK. Understanding the contribution of RSV to antibiotic prescribing would facilitate predicting the impact of RSV preventative measures on antibiotic use and resistance. …”

Association of Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) activity with outcome after cardiac surgery in adult patients by Stieger, A, Huber, M, Yu, Z, Kessler, BM, Fischer, R, Andereggen, L, Kobel, B, Stueber, F, Luedi, MM, Filipovic, MG

“…A cohort of 192 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass were included (median age 67.0, IQR 60.0-73.0, 75.5% male). A significant perioperative decrease in the kynurenine/tryptophan (Kyn/Trp) ratio (-2.298, 95% CI -4.028 to -596, <i>p</i> = 0.009) and significant perioperative dynamics in the associated metabolites was observed. …”

Kierkegaardian selfhood as pursuit of the Greatest Commandment by Callaway, DA

“…In turn, the concluding Chapter V asserts that, for Kierkegaard, to love God is to employ love’s dying away to purge oneself of adherence to idols of the mind (including Schopenhauerian knowledge of the <em>nihil</em> or nothingness of self, world, and God) and therein offer a love to God that is individually one’s own.…”

A pure world: moral cognition and spiritual experiences in Chinese World of Warcraft by Hornbeck, R

“…These extra-game agencies help explain why these aspects of gameplay were cultivated in lieu of, or as superordinate to, aspects that may be 'relevant' to other cognitive mechanisms. Chapter 5 argues that reports of soul merger experiences obtained in C<em>WoW</em> resemble Durkheim’s 'collective effervescence' (Durkheim, 1995 [1912]) and may be understood at the cognitive level as 'flow' (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990) experiences conjoined with affective outputs from Haidt and Joseph's moral foundations. …”

Comparison of models to predict incident chronic liver disease: a systematic review and external validation in Chinese adults by Cong, X, Song, S, Li, Y, Song, K, MacLeod, C, Cheng, Y, Lv, J, Yu, C, Sun, D, Pei, P, Yang, L, Chen, Y, Millwood, I, Wu, S, Yang, X, Stevens, R, Chen, J, Li, L, Kartsonaki, C, Pang, Y, Chen, Z

“…We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze CLD prediction models and externally validated them in 0.5 million Chinese adults in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB).…”

First-in-man study of the PSMA Minibody IR800-IAB2M for molecularly targeted intraoperative fluorescence guidance during radical prostatectomy by Hamdy, FC, Lamb, AD, Tullis, IDC, Verrill, C, Rombach, I, Rao, SR, Colling, R, Barber, PR, Volpi, D, Barbera-Martin, L, Lopez, JF, Omer, A, Hewitt, A, Lovell, S, Niederer, J, Lambert, A, Snoeck, J, Thomson, C, Leslie, T, Bryant, RJ, Mascioni, A, Jia, F, Torgov, M, Wilson, I, Gudas, J, Wu, AM, Olafsen, T, Vojnovic, B

“…<p><strong> Methods</strong></p> The minibody was evaluated pre-clinically using PSMA positive/negative xenograft models, following which 23 men undergoing RARP between 2018 and 2020 received between 2.5 mg and 20 mg of IR800-IAB2M intravenously, at intervals between 24 h and 17 days prior to surgery. …”

Prioritizing questions and topics for the development of guidelines and consensus-based recommendations supported by ILAE: a scoping review and proposal of prioritization criteria by Lin, K, Eyal, S, Demarchi, IG, Ben-Shushan, T, Auvin, S, Khoo, CS, Al-Baradie, R, Sen, A, Newton, C, Ngwende, G, Candez, NM, Sperling, M, Brigo, F, Jette, N, Wiebe, S

“…Thirty-nine participants, including clinicians, experts in the field, methodologists, and other relevant stakeholders, contributed to developing the final instrument (based on a 5-point Likert scale). Of 721 unique citations, 8 papers reporting prioritization approaches for guideline development were included. …”

A comparative machine learning study of schizophrenia biomarkers derived from functional connectivity by Shevchenko, V, Benn, RA, Scholz, R, Wei, W, Pallavicini, C, Klatzmann, U, Alberti, F, Satterthwaite, TD, Wassermann, D, Bazin, P, Margulies, DS

“…To this end, we leveraged data of 936 individuals from three large open-access datasets: COBRE, LA5c, and SRPBS-1600. We developed a pipeline which allows us to aggregate over a million different features and assess their predictive potential in a single, computationally efficient experiment. …”

Decentralised finance and automated market making by Monga, M

“…First, we consider an LT who trades in a CPMM with CL and uses the dynamics of prices in competing venues as market signals. We use Uniswap v3 data to study price, liquidity, and trading cost dynamics, and to motivate the model. …”

Pengambilan makanan, kadar pertumbuhan dan kecekapan penukaran makanan bagi ikan inggu Amphiprion ocellaris menggunakan diet buatan by Nurain Naziratul Akma Mohamad Daud, Mohamad Saupi Ismail, Khoo, Mei Ling

“…Ikan yang diberi makan tiga kali sehari menunjukkan nilai FCR yang terendah iaitu 3.146 + 2.370 (p<0.05) dan jumlah makanan diambil paling minimum iaitu 93.229 ± 5.938 g. Kesimpulannya, kekerapan pemberian makanan yang optimum untuk ikan inggu adalah tiga kali sehari untuk menghasilkan peningkatan panjang tertinggi dan jumlah pengambilan makanan terendah.…”
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Effect of Pueraria mirifica subchronic treatments on ameliorating depression by increasing tryptophan hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons via estrogen receptors in ovariectomized mi... by Nattawut Tadsaichol, Wandee Udomuksorn, Ekkasit Kumarnsit, Uraporn Vongvatcharanon, Surapong Vongvatcharanon

“…Adult female IRC mice were divided into 7 groups: (1) Sham-operates (SHAM), (2) OVX and distilled water treated (PM0), (3) OVX and 40 mg/kg estradiol benzoate treated (E40), OVX and ethanolic extract of PM treated for 90 days at various doses (4) 25 mg/kg (PM25), (5) 50 mg/kg (PM50), (6) 100 mg/kg (PM100) and (7) OVX and 20 mg/kg fluoxetine treated for 20 days. …”
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Thyroid autoimmunity and autoimmune thyroid disease in Malaysian girls with Turner syndrome: an understudied population by Lee, Yee L, Zaini, Azriyanti A, Idris, Arini N, Abdullah, Raja A, Wong, Jeanne SL, Hong, Joyce SS, Hussain, Suhaimi, Lim, Poi G, Lim, Song H, Nor, Noor SM, Wu, Loo L, Jalaludin, Muhammad Y

“…Patients with isochromosome X and patients with 45,X mosaicism or other X chromosomal abnormalities were more prone to have thyroid autoimmunity compared to those with 45,X karyotype (OR 5.09, 95% CI 1.54–16.88, P = 0.008 and OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.32–8.82, P = 0.01 respectively). …”

Effect of harvest rate, waste loading, and stocking density on the yield of duckweeds by M. Said, M. Zaki, Culley, Dudley D., Standifer, Leon C., Epps, Ernest A., Myers, Robert W., Boney, Steve A.

“…The highest dry duckweed crude protein value recorded was 43.5% and the mean was 38.2% when the plants were cultured on 10 g fresh manure/liter of solution. …”

Isolation of Bifidobacteria infantis and its antagonistic activity against ETEC 0157 and Salmonella typhimurium S-285 in weaning foods by Mohd Yusof, Rokiah, Haque, Formuzul, Ismail, Maznah, Hassan, Zaiton

“…Morphological examination of the isolates indicated that Bifidobacteria was Gram-positive rods in nature, curved with characteristics of V and Y shapes. The organisms were non-catalase producing, non-nitrate reducing, non-motile, had an absence of indole and were unable to liquify gelatin. …”