A novel low-waveguide-crossing floorplan for fat tree based optical networks-on-chip by Wang, Zhehui, Xu, Jiang, Wu, Xiaowen, Ye, Yaoyao, Zhang, Wei, Liu, Weichen, Nikdast, Mahdi, Wang, Xuan, Wang, Zhe

“…The average number of waveguide crossings per optical path in the optimized floorplan is 87% less than that in traditional floorplan for a 64-core CMP. We also find the optimal aspect ratio of cores to minimize the end-to-end delay. …”
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Scheduling nonlinear divisible loads in a single level tree network by Suresh, Sundaram, Run, Cui, Kim, H. J., Robertazzi, T. G.

“…The problem of finding optimal load fraction is a computationally intensive task. …”
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Health and safety performance of UK universities and how to improve it by Kuzmina, Olga, Searle, Douglas

“…Health and Safety professionals in the universities may find it useful to reflect on these findings and the identified best practices in order to improve the H&S performance in their own organisations.…”
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Cluster-based energy-efficient routing protocol in next generation sensor networks by Kumar, Sunil, Shankar, Achyut

“…NGNs, composed of diverse intelligent nodes with varying battery power and computational capacity, find applications in IoT, agriculture, and commercial sectors. …”
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RanDumb: random representations outperform online continually learned representations by Prabhu, A, Sinha, S, Kumaraguru, P, Torr, PHS, Sener, O, Dokania, PK

“…Extending our investigation to popular exemplar-free scenarios with pretrained models, we find that training only a linear classifier on top of pretrained representations surpasses most continual fine-tuning and prompt-tuning strategies. …”

At your service! The role of tax havens in international trade with services by Hebous, S, Johannesen, N

“…The analysis employs a unique firm-level dataset with detailed information about&nbsp;service trade&nbsp;and foreign affiliates for virtually all&nbsp;multinational firms&nbsp;in Germany. We find patterns consistent with profit shifting in service categories such as&nbsp;intellectual property&nbsp;(patents and trademarks),&nbsp;<em>headquarter services</em>(administration, management and advertizing),&nbsp;<em>information services</em>(data processing and storage) and&nbsp;financial services&nbsp;(investment, lending and money management). …”

Bacterial phylogenetic reconstruction from whole genomes is robust to recombination but demographic inference is not by Hedge, J, Wilson, DJ

“…Since many researchers continue to use phylogenetics for recombining bacteria, it is important to understand how recombination affects the conclusions drawn from these analyses. We find that whole-genome sequences afford great accuracy in reconstructing evolutionary relationships despite concerns surrounding the presence of recombination, but the branch lengths of the phylogenetic tree are indeed badly distorted. …”

Do UN peace operations help forcibly displaced people? by Costalli, S, Di Salvatore, J, Ruggeri, A

“…Using matched samples, we find that the unfolding of the outflows and inflows processes are affected by different features of UN missions. …”

Cytoophidium complexes resonate with cell fates by Li, Y, Liu, J

“…Ura7), Glt1, and Prs5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We find that multiple cytoophidia can be assembled into cytoophidium complexes by docking one after another. …”

Winner–loser plant trait replacements in human-modified tropical forests by Pinho, BX, Melo, FPL, ter Braak, CJF, Bauman, D, Maréchaux, I, Tabarelli, M, Benchimol, M, Arroyo-Rodriguez, V, Santos, BA, Hawes, JE, Berenguer, E, Ferreira, J, Silveira, JM, Peres, CA, Rocha‐Santos, L, Souza, FC, Gonçalves-Souza, T, Mariano-Neto, E, Faria, D, Barlow, J

“…Combining floristic and functional trait data for 1,207 tree species across 271 forest plots, we find that forest loss consistently caused an increased dominance of low-density woods and small seeds dispersed by endozoochory (winner traits) and the loss of distinctive traits, such as extremely dense woods and large seeds dispersed by synzoochory (loser traits). …”

Current affairs: a security measurement study of CCS EV charging deployments by Szakály, M, Köhler, S, Martinovic, I

“…In our evaluation, we examine 325 chargers manufactured between April 2013 and June 2023, and installed as late as May 2024 by 26 manufacturers across 4 European countries. We find that only 12% of the charging stations we analyzed implement TLS at all, leaving all others vulnerable to attacks that have already been demonstrated many years ago. …”

Advancing nature-based solutions through enhanced soil health monitoring in the United Kingdom by Giuliani, LM, Warner, E, Campbell, GA, Lynch, J, Smith, AC, Smith, P

“…This paper examines challenges and opportunities in selecting suitable soil health metrics. We find that standardisation can facilitate widespread monitoring of soil health, with benefits for stakeholders and user groups. …”

Quantum oscillations probe the Fermi surface topology of the nodal-line semimetal CaAgAs by Kwan, Y, Reiss, P, Han, Y, Bristow, M, Prabhakaran, D, Graf, D, McCollam, A, Ashok Parameswaran, S, Coldea, A

“…Our results are compared with calculations for a toroidal Fermi surface originating from the nodal ring. We find evidence of a nontrivial π phase shift only in one of the oscillatory frequencies. …”

Variation in the social composition of the uk academic elite: the underlay of the two – or three – cultures? by Bukodi, E, Goldthorpe, J

“…Snow’s discussion of the social underlay of the cultural disjunction that he saw between the natural sciences and the humanities, while also considering how the social sciences fit in. We find that there is support for Snow’s position at the time of his writing. …”

Emergent constraints indicate slower increases in future global evapotranspiration by Chai, Y, Yue, Y, Slater, L, Miao, C

“…Combining multiple observational datasets into a Hierarchical Emergent Constraint framework, we find the raw CMIP6 models overestimate future annual ET growth rates. …”

Turner‚ Bird‚ Eratosthenes: the eternal burning thread by Gibbons, J

“…He observed that most programs are already structurally recursive or corecursive, therefore guaranteed respectively terminating or productive; he conjectured that “with more practice we will find this is always true”. We explore Bird’s circular Sieve of Eratosthenes as a challenge problem for Turner’s Total Functional Programming.…”

The effect of inter-municipal cooperation on social assistance programs: evidence from housing allowances in England by Elston, T, Bel, G, Wang, H

“…Using coarsened exact matching and stacked difference-in-differences estimators, we find no evidence of short-term savings after cooperation, and only weak indications thereafter. …”

Can solar water kiosks generate sustainable revenue streams for rural water services? by Wagner, J, Merner, S, Innocenti, S, Geling, A, Hope, R

“…Average revenues increase four-fold indicating stronger financial performance with solar kiosks. In contrast, we find no significant increase in the volume of water people use when a handpump is upgraded to a solar kiosk. …”

Unveiling the importance of longer paths in quantum networks by Hu, X, Dong, G, Lambiotte, R, Christensen, K, Fan, J, Tian, Z, Havlin, S, Meng, X

“…Here, we apply statistical physics to identify the origin of this stronger connectivity—known as concurrence percolation. Our finding is demonstrated on hierarchical scale-free networks, the (U,V) flowers, which allow full analytical control over path connectivity by adjusting the two distinct path length scales, U ≤ V. …”

Can large language model agents simulate human trust behaviors? by Xie, C, Chen, C, Jia, F, Ye, Z, Shu, K, Bibi, A, Hu, Z, Torr, P, Ghanem, B, Li, G

“…In this paper, we focus on one of the most critical behaviors in human interactions, trust, and aim to investigate whether or not LLM agents can simulate human trust behaviors. We first find that LLM agents generally exhibit trust behaviors, referred to as agent trust, under the framework of Trust Games, which are widely recognized in behavioral economics. …”