Judging facts, judging norms: Training machine learning models to judge humans requires a modified approach to labeling data by Balagopalan, Aparna, Madras, David, Yang, David H., Hadfield-Menell, Dylan, Hadfield, Gillian K., Ghassemi, Marzyeh

“…We identify a core potential failure, finding that annotators label objects differently depending on whether they are being asked a factual question or a normative question. …”
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Probing transverse momentum dependent structures with azimuthal dependence of energy correlators by Kang, Zhong-Bo, Lee, Kyle, Shao, Ding Yu, Zhao, Fanyi

“…Furthermore, we extend our formalism to explore the two-point energy correlation between hadrons with different quantum numbers $${\mathbb{S}}_{i}$$ in the back-to-back limit $$\langle {\mathcal{E}}_{{\mathbb{S}}_{1}}\left({\widehat{n}}_{1}\right){\mathcal{E}}_{{\mathbb{S}}_{2}}\left({\widehat{n}}_{2}\right)\rangle $$ . We find that in the Operator Product Expansion (OPE) region the nonperturbative information is entirely encapsulated by a single number. …”
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Long-term equilibrium in electricity markets with renewables and energy storage only by Tarel, Guillaume, Korpås, Magnus, Botterud, Audun

“…We solve this problem analytically and find least-cost and market equilibrium conditions that lead to the optimal capacities of VRE and EES. …”
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Search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1 with a hidden Markov model in O3 LIGO data

“…In the frequency range searched, from 60 to 500 Hz, we find no evidence of gravitational radiation. This is the most sensitive search for Scorpius X-1 using a HMM to date. …”
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A Sufficient Condition for k-Contraction of the Series Connection of Two Systems by Ofir, Ron, Margaliot, Michael, Levron, Yoash, Slotine, Jean-Jacques

“…As an application, we find conditions guaranteeing that 2-contracting systems with an exponentially decaying input retain the well-ordered behaviour of time-invariant 2-contracting systems.…”
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Intercity connectivity and urban innovation by Liang, Xiaofan, Hidalgo, César A, Balland, Pierre-Alexandre, Zheng, Siqi, Wang, Jianghao

“…In China, models with social media and mobility networks explain more heterogeneity in the scaling of innovation, whereas in the United States, scientific collaboration plays a more significant role. These findings support the significance of a city's position within the intercity network in shaping its success in innovative activities.…”
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Compositional dependence of spintronic properties in Pt/GdCo films by Suzuki, Daniel H, Lee, Byung Hun, Beach, Geoffrey SD

“…We conduct two types of domain wall motion experiments on patterned racetracks to determine the effective spin Hall angle and current-driven domain wall mobility. We find a 5× increase in effective spin Hall angle with increasing Gd concentration, suggesting an improvement in spin transfer efficiency in rare earth materials. …”
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Low-cost machine learning prediction of excited state properties of iridium-centered phosphors by Terrones, Gianmarco G, Duan, Chenru, Nandy, Aditya, Kulik, Heather J

“…We instead leverage low-cost machine learning (ML) models and experimental data for 1380 iridium complexes to perform these prediction tasks. We find the best-performing and most transferable models to be those trained on electronic structure features from low-cost density functional tight binding calculations. …”
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Lineage-level within-species dynamics in the human facial skin microbiome by Baker, Jacob S.

“…In Chapter 3, I use these data to observe natural transmission events and assembly dynamics of the facial skin microbiome. I find that the gain and loss of individual C. acnes and S. epidermidis lineages underlies their apparent stability at the species level, and that these dynamics also change throughout the human lifespan. …”
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Rapid Simulation of Electro-Chemo-Mechanical Deformation of Li-ion Batteries Based On Porous Electrode Theory by Ipers, Gerrit, Jiao, Junning, Pathak, Shakul, Fang, Ruqing, Berliner, Marc D, Li, Wei, Li, Weihan, Braatz, Richard D, Bazant, Martin Z, Zhu, Juner

“…The computational model is parameterized using values gathered from literature, tested under varying conditions, briefly compared to real-world observations, and qualitatively analyzed to find parameter-output relations.…”
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Proton-coupled electron transfer at SOFC electrodes by Williams, Nicholas J, Warburton, Robert E, Seymour, Ieuan D, Cohen, Alexander E, Bazant, Martin Z, Skinner, Stephen J

“…This theory was used to study the current–voltage characteristics of the Ni/gadolinium-doped ceria electrode in H2/H2O(g), where we find excellent validation of this novel model. These results yield the first reported quantification of the solvent reorganization energy for an SOFC material and suggest that the three-phase boundary mechanism is the dominant pathway for charge transfer at cermet electrodes.…”
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Thermal proteome profiling of breast cancer cells reveals proteasomal activation by CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib by Miettinen, Teemu P., Peltier, Julien, Härtlova, Anetta, Gierliński, Marek, Jansen, Valerie M., Trost, Matthias, Björklund, Mikael

“…Loss of ECM29 activates the proteasome, blocks cell proliferation, and induces a senescence‐like phenotype. Finally, we find that ECM29 mRNA levels are predictive of relapse‐free survival in breast cancer patients treated with endocrine therapy. …”
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Computational discovery of microstructured composites with optimal stiffness-toughness trade-offs by Li, Beichen, Deng, Bolei, Shou, Wan, Oh, Tae-Hyun, Hu, Yuanming, Luo, Yiyue, Shi, Liang, Matusik, Wojciech

“…Without any prescribed expert knowledge of material design, our approach implements a nested-loop proposal-validation workflow to bridge the simulation-to-reality gap and find microstructured composites that are stiff and tough with high sample efficiency. …”
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Mechanisms that promote the evolution of cross-reactive antibodies upon vaccination with designed influenza immunogens by Yang, Leerang, Caradonna, Timothy M, Schmidt, Aaron G, Chakraborty, Arup K

“…Here, we develop a computational model to interrogate antibody evolution by affinity maturation after immunization with two types of immunogens: a heterotrimeric "chimera" hemagglutinin that is enriched for the RBS epitope relative to other B cell epitopes and a cocktail composed of three non-epitope-enriched homotrimers of the monomers that comprise the chimera. Experiments in mice find that the chimera outperforms the cocktail for eliciting RBS-directed antibodies. …”
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Automated analysis of security APIs by Lin, Amerson H

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Ultrathin Three-Dimensional Thermal Cloak by Xu, Hongyi, Shi, Xihang, Gao, Fei, Sun, Handong, Zhang, Baile

“…The cloak’s thickness is 100  μm while the cloaked air bubble has a diameter of 1 cm, achieving the ratio between dimensions of the cloak and the cloaked object 2 orders smaller than previous thermal cloaks, which were mainly realized in a two-dimensional geometry. This work can find applications in novel thermal devices in the three-dimensional physical space.…”
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Rising power... to do what? : evaluating China's power in Southeast Asia by Goh, Evelyn

“…These findings suggest that even though China’s power resources have increased significantly, the way in which it has managed to convert these resources into control over outcomes is uneven.…”
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Image classification by multimodal subspace learning by Yu, Jun, Lin, Feng, Seah, Hock Soon, Li, Cuihua, Lin, Ziyu

“…For instance, we can represent a color image by finding a set of visual features to represent the information of its color, texture and shape. …”
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Compensation committee and executive compensation in Asia by Lee, Kin-Wai

“…Using a sample of firms in East Asian economies, we find that level of CEO compensation is positively associated with CEO power. …”
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The road more travelled : how user-generated content can lead to homogenized travel journalism by Duffy, Andrew

“…Employing interviews and a survey, it finds that homogeneous travel attitudes and reports are highly influential in directing them in what to see and what to think about it—maintaining existing power relations and ideologies of tourism. …”
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