Deep learning based solder joint defect detection on industrial printed circuit board X-ray images by Zhang, Qianru, Zhang, Meng, Gamanayake, Chinthaka, Yuen, Chau, Geng, Zehao, Jayasekara, Hirunima, Woo, Chia-wei, Low, Jenny, Liu, Xiang, Guan, Yong Liang

“…With the improvement of electronic circuit production methods, such as reduction of component size and the increase of component density, the risk of defects is increasing in the production line. Many techniques have been incorporated to check for failed solder joints, such as X-ray imaging, optical imaging and thermal imaging, among which X-ray imaging can inspect external and internal defects. …”
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Parametric study of gravure printing process for R2R printed electronics by Pua, Suan Tai

“…In this study, however, various printing parameters were investigated to establish their effects on printed line width and film thickness, in an attempt to achieve fine line printing resolution over a large printing area. …”
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Evaluation of population immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants, EG.5.1, FY.4, BA.2.86, JN.1, JN.1.4, and KP.3.1.1 using samples from two health demographic surveillance systems in K... by Lugano, D, Kutima, B, Kimani, M, Sigilai, A, Gitonga, J, Karani, A, Akech, D, Karia, B, Ziraba, AK, Maina, A, Lambisia, A, Omuoyo, D, Mugo, D, Lucinde, R, Owuor, S, Konyino, G, Newman, J, Bailey, D, Nduati, E, Githinji, G, Agoti, CN, Bejon, P, Scott, JAG, Agweyu, A, Warimwe, GM

“…The majority of these mutations mainly target the spike protein, allowing the new variants to escape the immunity previously raised by vaccination and/or infection by earlier variants of SARS-CoV-2. …”

An immunoinformatic approach for identifying and designing conserved multi-epitope vaccines for coronaviruses by Ong, Yu Chuan, Tejo, Bimo Ario, Yap, Wei Boon

“…Methods: This study utilized an immunoinformatic approach to identify evolutionarily conserved CD4+ (HTL) and CD8+ (CTL) T cells, and B-cell epitopes in the coronaviral spike (S) glycoprotein. Results: A total of 132 epitopes were identified, with the majority of them found to be conserved across the bat CoVs, pangolin CoVs, endemic coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). …”
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The Europa Imaging System (EIS) Investigation by Turtle, E. P., McEwen, A. S., Patterson, G. W., Ernst, C. M., Elder, C. M., Slack, K. A., Hawkins, S. E., McDermott, J., Meyer, H., DeMajistre, R., Espiritu, R., Seifert, H., Niewola, J.

“…The WAC is designed to acquire three-line pushbroom stereo and color swaths along flyby ground-tracks.…”
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Punching shear strength analysis of corroded reinforcement concrete slab by Fu, Yibin

“…Sea levels are rising due to climate change, hence this parameter is of increasing importance for structures under long term corrosive environment. There will be a significant decline in the shear strength resistance in the long run. …”
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The cancellation heuristic in intertemporal choice shifts people's time preferences by Sengupta, Arjun, Savani, Krishna

“…The findings indicate that two features of human psychology-diminishing marginal utility and the cancellation heuristic-can be simultaneously utilized to nudge people to make decisions that would be better for them in the long run.…”
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Seismic loss dynamics in three Asian megacities using a macro-level approach based on socioeconomic exposure indicators by Sarica, Gizem Mestav, Pan, Tso-Chien

“…Our framework can be used to trigger discussions between scientific community and decision-makers for better long-term risk reduction and risk awareness strategies.…”
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Construction of human digital twin model based on multimodal data and its application in locomotion mode identification by Zhong, Ruirui, Hu, Bingtao, Feng, Yixiong, Zheng, Hao, Hong, Zhaoxi, Lou, Shanhe, Tan, Jianrong

“…Data acquisition system is built to dynamically acquire and update the body state data and physiological data of the human body and realize the digital expression of multi-source heterogeneous human body information. A bidirectional long short-term memory and convolutional neural network (BiLSTM-CNN) based network is devised to fuse multimodal human data and extract the spatiotemporal features, and the human locomotion mode identification is taken as an application case. …”
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Advancements in Management Science: Applications to Online Retail, Healthcare, and Non-Profit Fundraising by Zhai, Chen Wen (Sabrina)

“…Studies on the efficacy of first-line versus second-line and alternative antibiotics for UTI are limited and dated. …”
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Design of a >500MHz current starving VCO/DLL with low phase noise for digital PWM control by Chua, Dillon Yu Ze

“…It typically consist of a voltage controlled delay line, a phase detector. A delay line consists of a chain of delay cells that can be varied to adjust the amount of delay between the output and input signal through the delay line. …”
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Data-driven fault detection and isolation in DC microgrids without prior fault data: a transfer learning approach by Wang, Ting, Zhang, Chunyan, Hao, Zhiguo, Monti, Antonello, Ponci, Ferdinanda

“…In this transfer learning framework, the knowledge of faults is extracted from the transient features of line currents during normal operating disturbances, which is adversarially augmented and then transferred to a target domain as the labels of faults. …”
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Monitoring membrane biofouling via ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry enhanced by silica dosing by Sim, S. T. V., Suwarno, S. R., Chong, T. H., Krantz, William B., Fane, Anthony Gordon

“…Detecting biofouling noninvasively in real-time has been a long-standing challenge in membrane processes. Ultrasonic Time Domain Reflectometry (UTDR) offers the potential to address this challenge when used in a ‘canary cell’ that samples a slip stream from the feed to the membrane process. …”
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Unraveling the Dynamics of Mental and Visuospatial Workload in Virtual Reality Environments by Bernal, Guillermo, Jung, Hahrin, Yassı, İsmail Emir, Hidalgo, Nelson, Alemu, Yodahe, Barnes-Diana, Tyler, Maes, Pattie

“…Our findings indicate a broadband increase in EEG power just prior to a helper event, followed by a spike of visuospatial engagement (parietal alpha and beta 0-1-3 s) occurring concurrently with a decrease in mental workload (frontal theta 2–4 s), and subsequent decreases in visuospatial engagement (parietal theta at 14 s) and physiological arousal (HRV at 20 s). …”
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Analysis and reduction of mismatch in silicon neurons by Shuo, Sun, Basu, Arindam

“…The method presented allows the corrected neurons to compute both rate codes and spike time codes in a mismatch resilient fashion…”
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A high efficiency buck converter for IoT sensors by Mo, Mingwei

“…When the system is activated for data collection and processing, the load current may spike to tens of milliamperes. Thus, it's essential for the DC-DC converter to accommodate a broad spectrum of load currents, ensuring versatility and reliability in various operational states. …”
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Modeling of functional materials : perovskite solar cells by Aruj Shukla

“…However, for a more holistic analysis of perovskite light harvesters as replacement to the existing TiO2 nano particles, a more nuanced modeling and analysis which incorporates a study of transport properties such as trapping effects (for further spike in efficiency), photo catalytic reaction kinetics and surface & bulk defects (for easier fabrication) is demanded as an integral part of future research plans.…”
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The impacts of US Fed interest rate liftoff on Southwest Asia stock markets, sovereign bond and currencies by Ooi, Teik Khim

“…Based on the more reliable model I (using FFF), it implies the negative effect of spike in VIX dominated the positive effect from lower market expectation on interest rate lift-off, which led to decline in ASEAN financial market during 2015 A SEAN slump.…”
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High wavenumber coherent structures in low re apg-boundary-layer transition flow—a numerical study by Lo, Edmond Yat-Man, Chen, Weijia

“…Both parts are imbedded at the primary Λ-vortex stage and spatially coincide with the spike region and high shear layer. The tip part is associated with the later first ring-like vortex, while the rear part with the remainder of the Λ-vortex. …”
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Time to fill up India’s strategic oil reserves by Narula, K

“…Although oil stocks are generally not released to manage oil prices (the IEA’s intention is to stabilize the market and release stocks only in case of physical shortages), it may be possible to use the stored oil to offset a spike in oil prices, especially for developing countries which have administered oil prices.…”