Managerial roles and the training of Malaysian co- operatives' managers by Sarif, Suhaimi Mhd, Ismail, Yusof

“…The results showed that senior managers of co-operatives performed Mintzberg’s managerial roles and sought similar managerial training like their companies counterparts despite operating under different legal frameworks. …”
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Artificial intelligence - A tool for thermal design of cooling towers by Mohiuddin, A. K. M.

“…Artificial intelligence seeks to provide a computational theory of intelligence, besides trying to transform the way we interact with computers, and enlarge the ‘cognitive’ abilities of the computers, thereby opening up many new application areas like Expert Systems, etc. The author has developed an Expert System for the thermal design of wet cooling towers using artificial intelligence as a tool. …”
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Is professionalization possible within the political culture of Bangladesh? by Quddus, S. M. Abdul

“…Is this paper we have argued that in addition to the above-mentioned actors and factors, the existing political culture and its inherent dynamics of a given society like Bangladesh also has a strong influence in the professionalization process of occupations …”
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From recreation mathematics to pseudo-genes by Noorbatcha, Ibrahim Ali, Shamsudin, Ahmad Faizul

“…An inspiration for life-like recreation could have come from a meta-magical theme proposed by Hofstadter (1986) that reproduces patterns of genies from "Lucas Tower", '"Towers of Hanoi" and "Towers of Brahma". …”
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Energy particle-physics : the efforts of Abdel Nasser Tawfic by Abdulwaheed, Musa, Ismail, Ahmad Faris

“…It is of note that the significance of this chapter is appreciating efforts of Islamic Thinkers and Scientists like Tawfik and his QCD phase diagram contribution to the field of energy particlephysics. …”
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Video coding : MPEG standards by Khalifa, Othman Omran, Issa, Sinzobakwira, Siddiqi, Muhammad Umar

“…A stable behavior, in cases of data loss, as well as allow computation times for encoding and decoding was reached, which is important for symmetric applications, like video telephony…”
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Introduction to fingerprint verification by Hameed, Shihab A., Badurik, Waleed A.

“…Some individuals involved with fingerprint authentication for network access have expressed the feeling that using their fingerprint for authentication makes their feel like criminals. This feeling can lead to fear of the use of fingerprint biometrics. …”
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Design of a high gain & ultra wideband microstrip array antenna for avalanche radar by Mohd. Isa, Farah Nadia, Paul V., Brennan

“…In order to ensure the power is transferred smoothly from the main input port, the feed is design in novel spider like tapered feed network while ensuring the overall antenna function is not compromised. © 2011 IEEE.…”
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A real-time PCR technique in the identification of over-stunned slaughtered chicken by Amid, Azura, Ahmad Hassan, Nurhidayah, Abu Samah, Norshahida

“…However, in some country like Brunei this method was not accepted at all. …”
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Digital audio watermarking; techniques and applications by Olanweraju, Rashidah Funke, Khalifa, Othman Omran

“…Currently over millions of digital audio files like digital songs are copied illegally during file-sharing over the networks, costing loss of revenue to the music and broadcasting industries. …”
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Analytical evaluation of a new route optimization scheme for nested mobile network by Senan, Shayma, Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Aisha, Khalifa, Othman Omran, Hameed, Shihab A., Zeki, Akram M., Daoud, Jamal Ibrahim

“…Supporting networks’ roaming that move as one entity is required in order to enable the transparency of Internet in mobile platforms, like cars, trains, planes, buses, etc. To accomplish this, NEMO Basic Support has been proposed and developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in order to provide an efficient communication. …”
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Biodiesel production from Macro Algae as a green fuel for diesel engine by Ahmed, Abu Saleh, Khan, Sarfaraj, Hamdan, Sinin, Rahman, Md. Rezaur, Islam, Md Saiful, Maleque, Md. Abdul

“…Transesterification is an effective method to produce significant levels of biodiesel from renewable resources like plant oils and animal fats. Macroalgae is one of the inexpensive sources of oil feedstock for biodiesel production which is abundantly available in the sea areas. …”
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A comparative study on flank wear and work surface finish during high speed milling of cast iron with different carbide tools by Khan, Ahsan Ali, Aman Nor Rasid, Zuraida, Yusof, Izausmawati

“…Though the productivity would be double at the speed of 1000m/min than that at the speed of 500m/min, tool wear increases to a few times which indicates that the inserts used are not suitable for machining at a high speed like 1000m/min. It is better to cut cast iron using uncoated K20 carbide at low cutting speed rather than at high speed. …”
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Transforming carbon nanotube forest from darkest absorber to reflective mirror by Saleh, Tanveer, Moghaddam, Mehran Vahdani, Mohamed Ali, Muhamed Sultan, Dahmardeh, Masoud, Foell, Charles Alden, Nojeh, Alireza, Takahata, Kenichi

“…We have attempted controlled mechanical processing of the CNTs and, surprisingly, observed mirror-like reflection from the processed area with 10%–15% reflectivity, a level higher than typical reflectivity of pure forests by over two orders of magnitude, for a wide range of the spectrum (570–1100 nm). …”
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Education in fostering a united and caring citizenship in Malaysia by Hashim, Rosnani

“…As each ethnic group desires to maintain its culture, religion and language, it poses a problem for the central government which would like to see the use of a common language and its citizens being united and sharing a common destiny. …”
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Negotiating classroom pedagogy for effective teaching - learning by Hashim, Che Noraini, Salleh, Mohamad Johdi

“…The effective teacher can help overcome obstacles to the learning process, obstacles like poor materials, inadequate equipment, negative self-image (of the learner), and so on, while creating optimal conditions for learning. …”
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Experimental study on jute-fiber-epoxy composite plate subjected to impact loading by Omar, Nurihan, Syed Mohamad, Sharifah Najwa, Aminanda, Yulfian, Syed Mohamed Ali, Jaffar, Kashif, Syed Muhammad

“…A comparative study with typical synthetic fibers like carbon and glass were also conducted.…”
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An investigation on morphology of hard-brittle silicon surface by diamond grinding by Konneh, Mohamed, Izman, S., Ali, Mohammad Yeakub

“…Silicon like any hard and brittle material is well known for its low machinability unless it is machined under ductile mode condition. …”
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Sustainable development: Islamic dimension with special reference to conservation of the environment by Ansari, Abdul Haseeb, Jamal, Parveen, Oseni, Umar Aimhanosi

“…Disturbing them is considered as a misdeed (fasad), and Allah (s.w.t.) does not like it. The idea of sustainable development is already there in Islam, in the concepts of vicegerency (khalifah) Islamic brotherhood (ukhuwwah), trust (amanah), public interest (maslahah mursalah), prevention from bad (sadd al-dhari‘ah). …”
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A study of CGA- (cryptographically generated address) signature based authentication of binding update messages in low-end MIPv6 node by Qadir , Sana, Siddiqi, Mohammad Umar, Anwar, Farhat

“…It is also known that public-key cryptographic operations (like digital signatures) are computationally expensive for low-end nodes. …”
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