Generalized RBF feature maps for efficient detection by Vempati, S, Vedaldi, A, Zisserman, A, Jawahar, CV

“…We evaluate this technique on the VOC 2007 detection challenge, showing when it can improve on fast additive kernels, and the trade-offs in complexity and accuracy.…”

Optical remote spectral acquisition of elemental stoichiometry by Reeves, JT, Hasnain, SS, Nessel, MP, Talbot, CJ, Thomson, ER

“…In other cases, interfering optical properties greatly impact the ability of RS to measure elements directly, but advances in statistical methods and the theoretical understanding of optical properties expand the capacity to quantify diverse elements in many systems. When applied under the framework of ecological stoichiometry, spatially and temporally explicit measurements of elemental composition permit understanding of the drivers of ecological processes and variation over space and through time. …”

Uncertainty quantification analysis in the blade element momentum method by Cao, G, Fei, Z, Vogel, CR

“…Uncertainty in tip-loss model coefficients is also found to generally be important, particularly when evaluating spanwise variations in rotor loads. …”

Energy gain of wetted-foam implosions with auxiliary heating for inertial fusion studies by Paddock, RW, Li, TS, Kim, E, Lee, JJ, Martin, H, Ruskov, RT, Hughes, S, Rose, SJ, Murphy, CD, Scott, RHH, Bingham, R, Garbett, W, Elisseev, VV, Haines, BM, Zlystra, AB, Campbell, EM, Thomas, CA, Goffrey, T, Arber, TD, Aboushelbaya, R, Von der Leyen, MW, Wang, RHW, James, AA, Ouatu, I, Timmis, R, Howard, S, Atonga, E, Norreys, PA

“…Simulations of auxiliary heating for a range of implosions are presented in support of this and demonstrate that this heating can have significant benefit for high gain implosions, being most effective when the burn-averaged temperature is between 5 and 20 keV.…”

Challenges in classifying cavitation: correlating high-speed optical imaging and passive acoustic mapping of cavitation dynamics by Wu, Q, Gray, M, Smith, C, Bau, L, Cleveland, R, Coussios, C, Stride, E

“…Moreover, phenomena such as fragmentation and microjetting could not be distinguished from spherical oscillations when using the full duration acoustic waveform to calculate the emission spectra. …”

Amphibious ethics and speculative immersions: laboratory aquariums as a site for developing a more inclusive animal geography by Greenhough, B, Roe, E, Message, R

“…Secondly, whilst observations of bodies and behaviours predominate in laboratory mammal welfare assessments, when working with fishes water quality serves as an important proxy for species health. …”

Character-aware audio-visual subtitling in context by Huh, J, Zisserman, A

“…This holistic solution addresses what is said, when it’s said, and who is speaking, providing a more comprehensive and accurate character-aware subtitling for TV shows. …”

Estimating evolutionary and demographic parameters via ARG-derived IBD by Huang, Z, Kelleher, J, Chan, Y, Balding, D

“…We first demonstrate powerful inferences when true IBD information is available from simulated data. …”

A deep learning system accurately classifies primary and metastatic cancers using passenger mutation patterns by Jiao, W, Atwal, G, Polak, P, Karlic, R, Cuppen, E, PCAWG Tumor Subtypes and Clinical Translation Working Group, Danyi, A, de Ridder, J, van Herpen, C, Lolkema, MP, Steeghs, N, Getz, G, Morris, QD, Stein, LD, PCAWG Consortium

“…Our classifier achieves an accuracy of 91% on held-out tumor samples and 88% and 83% respectively on independent primary and metastatic samples, roughly double the accuracy of trained pathologists when presented with a metastatic tumour without knowledge of the primary. …”

From constructive ambiguity to escalating commitment: the evolution of the Bangladesh accord as a transnational institution for collective action by Reinecke, J, Donaghey, J

“…This initially enabling characteristic may complicate implementation when ambiguous commitments must be translated into concrete actions. …”

Transport and inhibition of the sphingosine-1-phosphate exporter SPNS2 by Li, HZ, Pike, ACW, Chang, Y, Prakaash, D, Gelova, Z, Stanka, J, Moreau, C, Scott, HC, Wunder, F, Wolf, G, Scacioc, A, McKinley, G, Batoulis, H, Mukhopadhyay, S, Garofoli, A, Pinto-Fernández, A, Kessler, BM, Burgess-Brown, NA, Štefanić, S, Wiedmer, T, Dürr, KL, Puetter, V, Ehrmann, A, Khalid, S, Sauer, DB

“…SPNS2 also exports the S1P-mimicking FTY720-P (Fingolimod) and thereby is central to the pharmacokinetics of this drug when treating multiple sclerosis. Here, we use a combination of cryo-electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, in vitro binding and in vivo S1P export assays, and molecular dynamics simulations to probe SPNS2’s substrate binding and transport. …”

Augmenting images of non-rigid scenes using point and curve correspondences by Bartoli, A, von Tunzelmann, E, Zisserman, A

“…Examples include the eyebrows or the lips when augmenting sequences of a face. Such deformations can be captured by tracking curves, but then point correspondences are not obtained directly due to the aperture problem. …”

Deep structured output learning for unconstrained text recognition by Jaderberg, M, Simonyan, K, Vedaldi, A, Zisserman, A

“…To test the generalisation of our model, we also perform experiments with random alpha-numeric strings to evaluate the method when no visual language model is applicable.…”

Elevated genetic risk for multiple sclerosis emerged in steppe pastoralist populations by Barrie, W, Yang, Y, Irving-Pease, EK, Attfield, KE, Scorrano, G, Jensen, LT, Armen, AP, Dimopoulos, EA, Stern, A, Refoyo-Martinez, A, Pearson, A, Ramsøe, A, Gaunitz, C, Demeter, F, Jørkov, MLS, Møller, SB, Springborg, B, Klassen, L, Hyldgård, IM, Wickmann, N, Vinner, L, Korneliussen, TS, Allentoft, ME, Sikora, M, Kristiansen, K, Rodriguez, S, Nielsen, R, Iversen, AKN, Lawson, DJ, Fugger, L, Willerslev, E

“…Although it is known that inherited risk for MS is located within or in close proximity to immune-related genes, it is unknown when, where and how this genetic risk originated. …”

Personalized prescription of ACEI/ARBs for hypertensive COVID-19 patients by Bertsimas, D, Borenstein, A, Mingardi, L, Nohadani, O, Orfanoudaki, A, Stellato, B, Wiberg, H, Sarin, P, Varelmann, DJ, Estrada, V, Macaya, C, Gil, IJN

“…We show that personalized recommendations can improve patient outcomes by 1.0% compared to the standard of care when applied to external populations. We develop an interactive interface for our algorithm, providing physicians with an actionable tool to easily assess treatment alternatives and inform clinical decisions. …”

Extractive separations of lithium isotopes with benzo-15-crown-5 and ionic liquids: a comparative study between stirred vessels and small channel contactors by Duan, C, Sun, S, Wang, H, Tarique, M, Tipper, E, Whitfield, T, Gilbert, MR, Angeli, P

“…An increase in residence time in the channels increased the extraction percentage but reduced the degree of lithium fractionation. When the ionic liquids were diluted with anisole, equilibrium was reached faster while the extraction percentage was not affected in stirred vessels. …”

Topography of social touching depends on emotional bonds between humans by Suvilehto, JT, Glerean, E, Dunbar, RIM, Hari, R, Nummenmaa, L

“…Across all tested cultures, the total bodily area where touching was allowed was linearly dependent (mean r2 = 0.54) on the emotional bond with the toucher, but independent of when that person was last encountered. Close acquaintances and family members were touched for more reasons than less familiar individuals. …”

Automation acceptance for sustainable digital daily life by Vrain, E, Wilson, C

“…Our findings reveal three key insights: 1) acceptance of automation varies across different phases of an activity, with planning aspects predominantly overridden and controlled by users; 2) when expectations, especially concerning the automation's usefulness during activity execution, were exceeded, participants reported strong positive feedback mechanisms; 3) automation acceptance occurred more frequently for the execution of mundane tasks involving household management. …”

Glass box and black box machine learning approaches to exploit compositional descriptors of molecules in drug discovery and aid the medicinal chemist by Robson, B, Cooper, R

“…There are now also AI methods emphasizing visibility and “explainability” (thus explainable AI or XAI) that could help when “compositional data” are used, but they often still start from seemingly arbitrary learned weights and lack familiar probabilistic measures based on observation and counting from the outset. …”

Effect of Co on twin formation and magnetic properties of Sm(Fe,Ti,V)12 alloys by Tozman, P, Hrkac, G, Patrick, CE, Staunton, JB, Saito, T, Sasaki, T, Ohkubo, T, Sepehri-Amin, H

“…Theoretical investigations showed that the critical grain size at which twin formation can be hindered by grain size reduction decreases when the stabilizer changes from V to Ti. This study shows that the alloy composition influences not only the intrinsic magnetic properties but also the twin formation energy and its grain size dependence, crucial for the design of SmFe₁₂-based permanent magnets.…”