Nitrite accumulation and anammox bacterial niche partitioning in Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge sediments by Zhao, Rui, Babbin, Andrew R, Roerdink, Desiree L, Thorseth, Ingunn H, Jørgensen, Steffen L

“…However, their distribution and impact on the important substrate nitrite has not been well characterized. Here we combined biogeochemical, microbiological, and genomic approaches to study anammox bacteria and other nitrogen cycling groups in two sediment cores retrieved from the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge (AMOR). …”
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Stabilized mixed material point method for incompressible fluid flow analysis by Chandra, Bodhinanda, Hashimoto, Ryota, Matsumi, Shinnosuke, Kamrin, Ken, Soga, Kenichi

“…To address the modeling of Newtonian fluids with incompressibility constraints, a new mixed implicit MPM formulation is proposed. Here, instead of solving the velocity and pressure fields as the unknown variables like the typical Eulerian computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver, the proposed approach adopts a monolithic displacement–pressure formulation inspired by the mixed-form updated-Lagrangian Finite Element Method (FEM). …”
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Modifying the Molecular Structure of Carbon Nanotubes through Gas-Phase Reactants by Giannetto, Michael J., Johnson, Eric P., Watson, Adam, Dimitrov, Edgar, Kurth, Andrew, Shi, Wenbo, Fornasiero, Francesco, Meshot, Eric R., Plata, Desiree L.

“…Some of this limitation stems from a lack of understanding of the chemical bond-building mechanisms at play in CNT growth. Here, we provide experimental evidence that supports an alkyne polymerization pathway in which short-chained alkynes directly incorporate into the CNT lattice during growth, partially retaining their side groups and influencing CNT morphology. …”
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Enhancing antibody responses by multivalent antigen display on thymus-independent DNA origami scaffolds by Wamhoff, Eike-Christian, Ronsard, Larance, Feldman, Jared, Knappe, Grant A., Hauser, Blake M., Romanov, Anna, Case, James Brett, Sanapala, Shilpa, Lam, Evan C., Denis, Kerri J. St., Boucau, Julie, Barczak, Amy K., Balazs, Alejandro B., Diamond, Michael S., Schmidt, Aaron G., Lingwood, Daniel, Bathe, Mark

“…However, P-VLPs are thymus-dependent antigens that are themselves immunogenic and can induce B cell responses that may neutralize the platform. Here, we investigate thymus-independent DNA origami as an alternative material for multivalent antigen display using the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, the primary target of neutralizing antibody responses. …”
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Revisiting de Broglie’s Double-Solution Pilot-Wave Theory with a Lorentz-Covariant Lagrangian Framework by Darrow, David, Bush, John W. M.

“…Building upon these recent developments, we here introduce a rich family of pilot-wave systems, with a view to reformulating and studying de Broglie’s double-solution program in the modern language of classical field theory. …”
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Large magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic oxide heterostructures assembled via epitaxial lift-off by Pesquera, D., Khestanova, E., Ghidini, M., Zhang, S., Rooney, A. P., Maccherozzi, F., Riego, P., Farokhipoor, S., Kim, J., Moya, X., Vickers, M. E., Stelmashenko, N. A., Haigh, S. J., Dhesi, S. S., Mathur, N. D.

“…Epitaxial films may be released from growth substrates and transferred to structurally and chemically incompatible substrates, but epitaxial films of transition metal perovskite oxides have not been transferred to electroactive substrates for voltage control of their myriad functional properties. Here we demonstrate good strain transmission at the incoherent interface between a strain-released film of epitaxially grown ferromagnetic La<jats:sub>0.7</jats:sub>Sr<jats:sub>0.3</jats:sub>MnO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> and an electroactive substrate of ferroelectric 0.68Pb(Mg<jats:sub>1/3</jats:sub>Nb<jats:sub>2/3</jats:sub>)O<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>-0.32PbTiO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> in a different crystallographic orientation. …”
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Morphology‐Directed Light Emission from Fluorescent Janus Colloids for Programmable Chemical‐To‐Optical Signal Transduction by Frank, Bradley D., Nagelberg, Sara, Baryzewska, Agata W., Simón Marqués, Pablo, Antonietti, Markus, Kolle, Mathias, Zeininger, Lukas

“…Materials capable of dynamically and reversibly altering their emission are relevant for numerous optical applications. Here, the anisotropic morphology‐directed light emission from fluorescent Janus emulsion droplets, an intrinsically chemo‐responsive material platform, is investigated. …”
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Scientific machine learning for modeling and simulating complex fluids by Lennon, Kyle R., McKinley, Gareth H., Swan, James W.

“…Consequently, early machine-learning based constitutive equations have not been portable between different deformation protocols or mechanical observables. Here, we present a data-driven framework that resolves such issues, allowing rheologists to construct learnable models that incorporate essential physical information, while remaining agnostic to details regarding particular experimental protocols or flow kinematics. …”
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Microscopic dynamics underlying the stress relaxation of arrested soft materials by Song, Jake, Zhang, Qingteng, de Quesada, Felipe, Rizvi, Mehedi H., Tracy, Joseph B., Ilavsky, Jan, Narayanan, Suresh, Del Gado, Emanuela, Leheny, Robert L., Holten-Andersen, Niels, McKinley, Gareth H.

“…Although this macroscopic stress relaxation is an essential feature in the application of arrested systems as structural materials, consumer products, foods, and biological materials, the microscopic origins of this relaxation remain poorly understood. Here, we elucidate the microscopic dynamics underlying the stress relaxation of such arrested soft materials under both quiescent and mechanically perturbed conditions through X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. …”
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Modulating Cardiac Hemodynamics Using Tunable Soft Robotic Sleeves in a Porcine Model of HFpEF Physiology for Device Testing Applications (Adv. Funct. Mater. 8/2024) by Rosalia, Luca, Ozturk, Caglar, Wang, Sophie X., Quevedo‐Moreno, Diego, Saeed, Mossab Y., Mauskapf, Adam, Roche, Ellen T.

“…This is largely due to the lack of an in vivo model of the HFpEF hemodynamics, resulting in the inability to evaluate device effectiveness in vivo prior to clinical trials. Here, the development of a highly tunable porcine model of HFpEF hemodynamics is described using implantable soft robotic sleeves, where controlled actuation of a left ventricular and an aortic sleeve can recapitulate changes in ventricular compliance and afterload associated with a broad spectrum of HFpEF hemodynamic phenotypes. …”
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Pareto Adaptive Robust Optimality via a Fourier–Motzkin Elimination lens by Bertsimas, Dimitris, ten Eikelder, Stefan C. M., den Hertog, Dick, Trichakis, Nikolaos

“…A worst-case optimal solution pair of here-and-now decisions and wait-and-see decisions is PARO if it cannot be Pareto dominated by another solution, i.e., there does not exist another worst-case optimal pair that performs at least as good in all scenarios in the uncertainty set and strictly better in at least one scenario. …”
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Development of a perfusable, hierarchical microvasculature-on-a-chip model by Chen, Sophia W., Blazeski, Adriana, Zhang, Shun, Shelton, Sarah E., Offeddu, Giovanni S., Kamm, Roger D.

“…However, many of these existing models lack the hierarchical nature of the arterial-to-capillary-to-venous architecture that is key to capturing a more comprehensive view of the human microvasculature. Here, we present a perfusable, multi-compartmental model that recapitulates the three microvascular compartments to assess various physiological properties such as vessel permeability, vasoconstriction dynamics, and circulating cell arrest and extravasation. …”
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Ion irradiation to control size, composition and dispersion of metal nanoparticle exsolution by Wang, Jiayue, Woller, Kevin B., Kumar, Abinash, Zhang, Zhan, Zhou, Hua, Waluyo, Iradwikanari, Hunt, Adrian, LeBeau, James M., Yildiz, Bilge

“…However, controlling the size, density, composition, and location of exsolved nanoparticles remains a challenge, limiting the ultimate performance achievable by these nanostructures. Here, we present ion irradiation as a general platform to allow control over these parameters during metal nanoparticle exsolution, by simultaneous sputtering, implantation, and defect generation mechanisms. …”
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Direct Visualization of Subnanometer Variations in the Excitonic Spectra of 2D/3D Semiconductor/Metal Heterostructures by Reidy, Kate, Majchrzak, Paulina Ewa, Haas, Benedikt, Thomsen, Joachim Dahl, Konečná, Andrea, Park, Eugene, Klein, Julian, Jones, Alfred J. H., Volckaert, Klara, Biswas, Deepnarayan, Watson, Matthew D., Cacho, Cephise, Narang, Prineha, Koch, Christoph T., Ulstrup, Søren, Ross, Frances M., Idrobo, Juan Carlos

“…However, nanometer-scale variations in the 2D/metal interface can drastically alter the local optoelectronic properties. Here, we map local excitonic changes of the 2D semiconductor MoS2 in contact with Au. …”
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Active learning for optimal intervention design in causal models by Zhang, Jiaqi, Cammarata, Louis, Squires, Chandler, Sapsis, Themistoklis P., Uhler, Caroline

“…In this context, encoding the causal relationships between the variables, and thus the effect of interventions on the system, is critical for identifying desirable interventions more efficiently. Here we develop a causal active learning strategy to identify interventions that are optimal, as measured by the discrepancy between the post-interventional mean of the distribution and a desired target mean. …”
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Generative Stochastic Modeling of Strongly Nonlinear Flows with Non-Gaussian Statistics by Arbabi, Hassan, Sapsis, Themistoklis

“…These systems are difficult to model and analyze due to combination of high dimensionality and uncertainty, and there has been much interest in obtaining reduced models, in the form of stochastic closures, that can replicate their non-Gaussian statistics in many dimensions. Here, we propose a data-driven framework to model stationary chaotic dynamical systems through nonlinear transformations and a set of decoupled stochastic differential equations (SDEs). …”
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Design and Evaluation of an Automatic Scheduling-Manual Operation Tool to Bring Precision Irrigation to Resource-Constrained Farmers by Van de Zande, Georgia D, Sheline, Carolyn, Amrose, Susan, Costello, Jeffrey, Ghodgaonkar, Aditya, Grant, Fiona, Winter, Amos G

“…As populations increase and freshwater supplies decrease, adopting water- and energy-efficient irrigation practices is crucial, particularly in resource-constrained regions. Here, farmers are often unable to purchase the equipment used in precision irrigation, a practice that implements the automatic scheduling of irrigation events to achieve high efficiency. …”
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A Deep-Learning Surrogate Model Approach for Optimization of Morphing Airfoils by Karbasian, Hamidreza, van Rees, Wim M.

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Telerobotic neurovascular interventions with magnetic manipulation by Kim, Yoonho, Genevriere, Emily, Harker, Pablo, Choe, Jaehun, Balicki, Marcin, Regenhardt, Robert W, Vranic, Justin E, Dmytriw, Adam A, Patel, Aman B, Zhao, Xuanhe

“…Although some commercial systems enable robotic manipulation of conventional guidewires for coronary and peripheral vascular interventions, they remain unsuited for neurovascular applications because of the considerably smaller and more tortuous anatomy of cerebral arteries. Here, we present a teleoperated robotic neurointerventional platform based on magnetic manipulation. …”
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Rapid and Scalable Production of Functional SARS-CoV-2 Virus-like Particles (VLPs) by a Stable HEK293 Cell Pool by Puarattana-aroonkorn, Sitthiphol, Tharakaraman, Kannan, Suriyawipada, Disapan, Ruchirawat, Mathuros, Fuangthong, Mayuree, Sasisekharan, Ram, Artpradit, Charlermchai

“…Typical biologics production relies on using the lengthy and arduous approach of stable single-cell clones. Here, we used an alternative approach, a stable cell pool that takes only weeks to generate compared to a stable single-cell clone that needs several months to complete. …”
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