Hildebrand solubility parameters of ionic liquids : effects of ionic liquid type, temperature and DMA fraction in ionic liquid by Weerachanchai, Piyarat, Chen, Zhengjian, Leong, Susanna Su Jan, Chang, Matthew Wook, Lee, Jong-Min

“…The values of ionic liquids containing BMIM cations are in the following order: [PF6] > [Tf2N] > [Cl], while those of ionic liquids containing EMIM cations are in the order: [BF4] > [DEPO4] > [AC]. …”
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Positively-Coated Nanofiltration Membranes for Lithium Recovery from Battery Leachates and Salt-Lakes: Ion Transport Fundamentals and Module Performance by Foo, Zi Hao, Liu, Suwei, Kanias, Lucy, Lee, Trent R., Heath, Samuel M., Tomi, Yasuhiro, Miyabe, Tomotsugu, Keten, Sinan, Lueptow, Richard M., Lienhard, John H.

“…Molecular dynamics analyses reveal that the ammonium groups create an electrostatic barrier at low pH, selectively hindering multivalent cation transport. This is corroborated by the Coulombic attraction between cations and carboxylate groups, along with a repulsive barrier from ammonium groups. …”
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Solution-processed lead halide perovskite single crystal scintillators by Xie, Aozhen

“…In this thesis, the focus will be on the how different components, including organic cation, halide anion and dopant affect the scintillator performance. …”
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Purification, crystallization and structure determination of Thermotoga maritima CorA Magnesium transporter. by Nurhuda Nordin.

“…Magnesium is the most abundant divalent cation in cells. Despite its importance, the transport mechanism of magnesium remained poorly defined. …”
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Next generation electrolytes for sodium ion battery by Do, Minh Phuong

“…Following, the relation of anion core structures, functional groups and cations to essential physicochemical properties had been drawn. …”
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Point-Defect Segregation and Space-Charge Potentials at the Σ5(310)[001] Grain Boundary in Ceria by Usler, Adrian L., Heelweg, Henrik J., De Souza, Roger A., Genreith-Schriever, Annalena R.

“…Segregation energies were calculated for oxygen vacancies, electron polarons, gadolinium and scandium acceptor cations, and tantalum donor cations. These energies deviate strongly from their bulk values over the same length scale, thus indicating a structural grain-boundary width of approximately 1.5 nm. …”
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Spinel manganese ferrites for oxygen electrocatalysis : effect of Mn valency and occupation site by Zhou, Ye, Du, Yonghua, Xi, Shibo, Xu, Jason Zhichuan

“…Here, we report an investigation on the ORR and OER performance of intermediate spinel MnFe2O4. The modulation of cation oxidation state and inversion degree of spinel MnFe2O4 were achieved by a simple annealing process. …”
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Sorption of copper by dye-treated oil-palm fibres by Low, K.S., Lee, C.K., Lee, K.P.

“…Both dye-treated and natural oil-palm fibres from a palm-oil mill were used to remove copper and related heavy metal cations from solutions. The sorption of copper for both types of fibres was studied under various conditions, the parameters being effect of pH, initial concentrations, presence of other metal cations and chelators. …”
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Inorganic salt modified paper substrates utilized in paper based microfluidic sampling for potentiometric determination of heavy metals by Ding, Ruiyu, Krikstolaityte, Vida, Lisak, Grzegorz

“…The application of inorganic salt modified paper substrates was found advantageous when the cation of the salt in the conditioning solution was the same as the primary cations of the ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). …”
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Effects of the preheating temperature on flame-assisted spray pyrolysis of nickel-rich cathode materials by Zhang, Jianan, Muldoon, Valerie L, Deng, Sili

“…X-ray diffraction measurements demonstrated that the cation mixing level of NCM811 samples was sensitive to the preheating temperature, where introducing the preheating section was effective in inhibiting cation mixing and improving cation ordering at certain temperatures. …”
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Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite superstructures for ultrapure green emissions by Chan, Wen Kiat, Chen, Jiawei, Zhou, Donglei, Ye, Junzhi, Vázquez, Ricardo Javier, Zhou, Cheng, Bazan, Guillermo Carlos, Rao, Akshay, Yu, Zhongzheng, Tan, Timothy Thatt Yang

“…Currently, the best-performing perovskite optoelectronic devices incorporate organic cations (methylammonium (MA), formamidinium (FA)), however, hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite SSs have not yet been investigated. …”
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Preparation of low-pressure water softening hollow fiber membranes by polyelectrolyte deposition with two bilayers by Rajabzadeh, Saeid, Liu, Chang, Shi, Lei, Wang, Rong

“…Experiments revealed that the pH of the polyelectrolyte solution and supporting electrolyte concentration presented the most notable effects. For weak poly-cations, Poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) and Poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), the solution pH affected the membrane performance significantly, and high water permeability and divalent cation rejection were obtained at optimum pH values. …”
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The development of lead-less perovskite materials for the photovoltaic application by Chen, Yan

“…In these two lead-free perovskite systems, various inorganic or small organic cations were utilized in combination with the lead-free metallic cations and iodic anions to selectively tailor the crystal structure, band edge position, and ambient and thermal stabilities of the resulting perovskites. …”
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Removal of calcium and magnesium ions by biochar adsorption by Yaw, Hwee Sin

“…Therefore, this study investigated the removal of typical cations such as calcium and magnesium ions by innovative biochar adsorption method. …”
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Taming nonclassical carbocations to control small ring reactivity by McNamee, RE, Frank, N, Christensen, KE, Duarte, F, Anderson, EA

“…Prediction of the outcome of ring opening of small organic rings under cationic conditions can be challenging due to the intermediacy of nonclassical carbocations. …”

Correlation of recombination and open circuit voltage in planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by Prochowicz, Daniel, Tavakoli, Mohammad Mahdi, Solanki, Ankur, Goh, Teck Wee, Sum, Tze Chien, Yadav, Pankaj

“…Mixed-cation and halide perovskite solar cells have shown superior photovoltaic performance compared to mono-cation based representatives. …”
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Improving purity of bio-based crotonic acid by Farid, Nur Falia Shazana Manja

“…This observation was contributed by ion size of the cation; the smaller the size of the cation, the higher the crotonic acid produced. …”
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Weakly confined organic–inorganic halide perovskite quantum dots as high-purity room-temperature single photon sources by Wang, Bo, Lim, Melvin Jia Wei, Loh, Siow Mean, Mayengbam, Rishikanta, Ye, Senyun, Feng, Minjun, He, Huajun, Liang, Xiao, Cai, Rui, Zhang, Qiannan, Kwek, Leong Chuan, Demir, Hilmi Volkan, Mhaisalkar, Subodh Gautam, Blundell, Steven A., Sum, Tze Chien

“…The significance of the organic A-cation is further validated using mixed-cation FAxCs1-xPbBr3. …”
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Hydrated eutectic electrolyte with ligand-oriented solvation shell to boost the stability of zinc battery by Han, Mingming, Huang, Jiwu, Xie, Xuesong, Li, Tian Chen, Huang, Jiangtao, Liang, Shuquan, Zhou, Jiang, Fan, Hong Jin

“…An electrolyte cation additive strategy provides a versatile route for developing high-energy and long-life aqueous zinc-ion hybrid capacitors. …”
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Structural derivation and crystal chemistry of apatites by White, Timothy John, Dong, Zhili

“…For apatites that contain the same A cation, it is shown that ' decreases linearly as a function of increasing average ionic radius of the formula unit. …”
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