Comment to U.S Copyright Office on Data Provenance and Copyright by Mahari, Robert, Shayne, Longpre, Donewald, Lisette, Polozov, Alan, Pentland, Alex 'Sandy', Lipsitz, Ari

“…Less attention, however, has been paid to supervised datasets, which we define as datasets containing data created for the sole purpose of training machine learning models (mainly for finetuning and alignment). Supervised datasets may likely contain copyrightable contributions from the dataset creators in the form of annotations. …”
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Filter Bubble or Homogenization? Disentangling the Long-Term Effects of Recommendations on User Consumption Patterns by Anwar, Md Sanzeed, Schoenebeck, Grant, Dhillon, Paramveer S.

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Implications for spatial non-stationarity and the neighborhood effect averaging problem (NEAP) in green inequality research: evidence from three states in the USA by Gyanwali, Sophiya, Karki, Shashank, Jang, Kee M., Crawford, Tom, Zhang, Mengxi, Kim, Junghwan

“…Moreover, previous studies focused mainly on large-sized cities while overlooking other areas, such as small-sized cities and rural neighborhoods. …”
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Induction of neuronal phenotypes from NG2+ glial progenitors by inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor in mouse spinal cord injury by Ju, Peijun, Zhang, Si, Yeap, Yeeshan, Feng, Zhiwei

“…Taken together, our studies suggest that the EGFR inhibitor could promote neurogenesis post SCI, mainly from the NG2+ glial progenitors. These findings support the possibility of evoking endogenous neuronal replacement from NG2+ glial progenitors and suggest that EGFR inhibition may be beneficial to CNS trauma.…”
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Renewable energy integration into smart grids : problems and solutions — Singapore experience by Koh, Leong Hai, Tan, Yen Kheng, Wang, Peng, Tseng, King Jet

“…Singapore being a city state with 712.4km2, 5.183million people, S$59,813 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capital, population density of 7,126 per square kilometer [1] and limited natural resources, identified her GHG emission as carbon dioxide (CO2) mainly from combustion of fossil fuels and natural gas to generate energy meeting development and human needs. …”
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Active mobility device parking characteristics at MRT stations by Ng, Yi Shien

“…The results of this project indicate that indiscriminate parking is mainly due to insufficient parking infrastructure, deadstock of unused AMDs occupying parking spaces, users parking wherever convenient, lack of awareness on the use of yellow boxes, lack of clear government regulations, and the bird excrement issue. …”
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Autonomous ships : evolution or revolution? by Keh, Cassandra Xiao Ting

“…It offers information on the economic advantages of autonomous vessels. Mainly, the findings reflect an economic potential. …”
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Employee profiling via aspect-based sentiment and network for insider threats detection by Soh, Charlie, Yu, Sicheng, Narayanan, Annamalai, Duraisamy, Santhiya, Chen, Lihui

“…As such, it has received considerable attention from both the industrial and research communities. Existing works mainly focused on modeling the employees’ normal biometric behavior (e.g., human to device interaction pattern) to detect anomalous behavior which corresponds to the insider activity. …”
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A machine learning approach on past ADS-B data to predict planning controller’s actions by Pham, Duc-Thinh, Alam, Sameer, Su, Yi-Lin, Duong, Vu N.

“…En-route airspace is one of the most congested airspaces, as it is mainly used in the cruise phase of the flight. The en-route sector is usually managed by a team of two air traffic controllers: planning controller (D-side) and executive controller (R-side). …”
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A review on propeller noise reduction techniques by Lim, Wei Cheng

“…Contributing to far-field noise, tip vortices were identified as the highest contributor to noise generation. This is mainly due to the pressure fluctuation, and vortices interacting with following blade. …”
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Lane-aware image enhancement for lane detection in rain (part A) by Zeng, Lanning

“…Facing these difficulties, we consider using attention maps to assist the network to enhance the detection accuracy. In this project, we mainly developed two methods to detect objects on the road, such as trucks, passenger cars, road signs, etc. …”
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On the commute travel pattern with compressed work schedule by Su, Qida, Wang, David Zhi Wei

“…Is it socially beneficial to encourage all commuters to switch to CW? This paper mainly addresses these questions. A bi-level economic model encapsulating employers’ and employees’ choices on their work schedule is then developed. …”
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Exploring integrity of AEADs with faults: definitions and constructions by Saha, Sayandeep, Khairallah, Mustafa, Peyrin, Thomas

“…Concerning symmetric-key operating modes, such as Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD), the state-of-the-art mainly addresses the passive Side-Channel Attacks (SCA) in the form of leakage resilient cryptography. …”
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Whole genome analysis of Hawksbill turtles in Singapore reveals their genetic adaptations to disease and sensory perception by Desai, Archita Sanjay

“…Based on the results of this study, 94 genes located across the whole genome likely underwent positive selection. These genes are mainly associated with disease response, olfactory system, cell signalling and cellular transport. …”
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Report on the International Conference on Origins and Migrations among Tibeto-Burman Speakers of the Extended Eastern Himalaya by Post, Mark W.

“…This was certainly due in no small part to the evidently high competence of the conference organizers and their assistants (mainly Humboldt University graduate students), who ferried participants efficiently but in an always relaxed manner from hotel to venue, room to restaurant, and discussion to discussion, and in the end brought off a logistically challenging event without even the slightest hitch.…”
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A real time speech translator application for Android by Ang, Xue Yin

“…The aim is to create a real time speech translator, designed mainly for tourists who visit Singapore. With this translator, misunderstandings that arise due to communication problems can be reduced, and simultaneously aid in the ease of learning a different language. …”
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Kansei evaluation and clustering in emotional design by Ng, Kassyn.

“…A case study was done to validate the proposed methodology and a fair comparison of the results with an existing method was made to evaluate the robustness of the proposed methodology. 10 Kansei tags were produced for 32 Kansei words as opposed to only 8 Kansei tags using the existing method. The disparity was mainly due to the different methods used to determine the final number of clusters. …”
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Design of IIR filters by optimization techniques by Wang, Zhe.

“…In this report, mainly two Minimax design techniques of Digital IIR Filters namely Sequential Constrained Least-Squares Method combined with Steiglitz-McBride (SCLS SM) and Sequential Minimization Procedure for Minimax Design of IIR Filter Based on Second-Order Factor Updates (SMSOF) are presented to solve the two optimization design issues on IIR filters, which refers to converting the non-convex optimization problem into the convex problem and the stability issue of IIR filters. …”
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Possibility study of in-situ aeration on lorong halus dumping site by Teng, Esther Yuan Yi.

“…To have a better understanding on the emission behavior of the municipal solid waste (MSW) found in LHDG, three experiments had been carried out. They were mainly (1) Gas Production Index (GS21), (2) Respiration Index (RI4), and (3) Leaching test. …”
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Elucidation of the ion transport mechanisms in CorA, a divalent cation transporter. by Nurhuda Nordin.

“…In this study, I present data showing that M1 is required mainly for protein stabilization leaving M2 acting as a divalent cation sensor. …”
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