Prediction and interpretation of the performance of a deep excavation in Berlin sand by Nikolinakou, Maria A., Whittle, Andrew, Schran, Ute

“…This paper describes the application of a generalized effective stress soil model, MIT‐S1, within a commercial finite element program, for simulating the performance of the support system for the 20m deep excavation of the M1 pit adjacent to the main station “Hauptbahnhof” in Berlin. The M1 pit was excavated underwater and supported by a perimeter diaphragm wall with a single row of prestressed anchors. …”
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